What Happened to Gray Whales during the Pleistocene? The Ecological Impact of Sea-Level Change on Benthic Feeding Areas in the North Pacific Ocean
- Publication Date
- July 06, 2011
- Journal
- PLOS ONE
- Authors
- Nicholas D. Pyenson & David R. Lindberg
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- e21295
- DOI
- http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021295
- Publisher URL
- http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0021295
- PubMed
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21754984
- PubMed Central
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3130736
- Europe PMC
- http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/21754984
- Web of Science
- 000292632000008
- Scopus
- 79960011115
- Mendeley
- http://www.mendeley.com/research/happened-gray-whales-during-pleistocene-ecological-impact-sealevel-change-benthic-feeding-areas-nort
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Mendeley | Further Information
{"title"=>"What happened to gray whales during the pleistocene? the ecological impact of sea-level change on benthic feeding areas in the north pacific ocean", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Nicholas D.", "last_name"=>"Pyenson", "scopus_author_id"=>"8666464800"}, {"first_name"=>"David R.", "last_name"=>"Lindberg", "scopus_author_id"=>"7006428844"}], "year"=>2011, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"pmid"=>"21754984", "sgr"=>"79960011115", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0021295", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-79960011115", "pui"=>"362084928", "isbn"=>"1932-6203", "issn"=>"19326203"}, "id"=>"aa496d50-2b05-36e9-b233-5aa4bafafd7e", "abstract"=>"BACKGROUND: Gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) undertake long migrations, from Baja California to Alaska, to feed on seasonally productive benthos of the Bering and Chukchi seas. The invertebrates that form their primary prey are restricted to shallow water environments, but global sea-level changes during the Pleistocene eliminated or reduced this critical habitat multiple times. Because the fossil record of gray whales is coincident with the onset of Northern Hemisphere glaciation, gray whales survived these massive changes to their feeding habitat, but it is unclear how. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We reconstructed gray whale carrying capacity fluctuations during the past 120,000 years by quantifying gray whale feeding habitat availability using bathymetric data for the North Pacific Ocean, constrained by their maximum diving depth. We calculated carrying capacity based on modern estimates of metabolic demand, prey availability, and feeding duration; we also constrained our estimates to reflect current population size and account for glaciated and non-glaciated areas in the North Pacific. Our results show that key feeding areas eliminated by sea-level lowstands were not replaced by commensurate areas. Our reconstructions show that such reductions affected carrying capacity, and harmonic means of these fluctuations do not differ dramatically from genetic estimates of carrying capacity. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Assuming current carrying capacity estimates, Pleistocene glacial maxima may have created multiple, weak genetic bottlenecks, although the current temporal resolution of genetic datasets does not test for such signals. Our results do not, however, falsify molecular estimates of pre-whaling population size because those abundances would have been sufficient to survive the loss of major benthic feeding areas (i.e., the majority of the Bering Shelf) during glacial maxima. We propose that gray whales survived the disappearance of their primary feeding ground by employing generalist filter-feeding modes, similar to the resident gray whales found between northern Washington State and Vancouver Island.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/happened-gray-whales-during-pleistocene-ecological-impact-sealevel-change-benthic-feeding-areas-nort", "reader_count"=>92, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Professor > Associate Professor"=>5, "Researcher"=>18, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>3, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>20, "Student > Postgraduate"=>2, "Student > Master"=>17, "Other"=>7, "Student > Bachelor"=>8, "Lecturer"=>2, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>9}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Professor > Associate Professor"=>5, "Researcher"=>18, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>3, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>20, "Student > Postgraduate"=>2, "Student > Master"=>17, "Other"=>7, "Student > Bachelor"=>8, "Lecturer"=>2, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>9}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Environmental Science"=>16, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>1, "Mathematics"=>1, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>52, "Physics and Astronomy"=>1, "Social Sciences"=>3, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>16, "Energy"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>3}, "Energy"=>{"Energy"=>1}, "Physics and Astronomy"=>{"Physics and Astronomy"=>1}, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>{"Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>16}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>52}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>1}, "Mathematics"=>{"Mathematics"=>1}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>1}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>16}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Canada"=>1, "Czech Republic"=>1, "Argentina"=>1, "United States"=>7, "Chile"=>2, "Spain"=>1}, "group_count"=>3}CrossRef
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Scopus | Further Information
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Journal Comments | Further Information
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/e61873fa-dbfd-470e-bffa-8277b14ff694", "title"=>"Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"The following articles represent some of the media coverage that has occurred for this paper:\n\nPublication: Welt Online \nTitle: “Tiere: Grauwale passten ihre Ernährung dem Klima an - Nachrichten Wissenschaft - WELT ONLINE”\nhttp://www.welt.de/wissenschaft/article13471212/Grauwale-passten-ihre-Ernaehrung-dem-Klima-an.html \n\nPublication: UC Berkeley News Center \nTitle: “Gray whales likely survived the Ice Ages by changing their diets”\nhttp://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2011/07/06/gray-whales-likely-survived-the-ice-ages-by-changing-their-diets \n\nPublication: Live Science \nTitle: “Gray Whales Adapted to Survive Past Climate Changes | Gray Whale Migration & Survival | LiveScience”\nhttp://www.livescience.com/14931-gray-whales-adapt-habits-survive.html\n\nIf you see any additional coverage of this paper in the press or blogosphere, please reply to this thread and add the link to the article.\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2011-07-11T11:03:32Z", "lastModified"=>"2011-07-11T11:03:32Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"PLoS ONE Staff"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0021295", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2011-07-11T11:03:32Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/e57904cc-9d0b-4011-bbc1-9e0df48a0353", "title"=>"Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"The following article represents some of the media coverage that has occurred for this paper:\n\nPublication: New York Times \nTitle: “How California Gray Whales Survived Ice Ages - NYTimes.com”\nhttp://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/12/science/12obwhale.html\n\nIf you see any additional coverage of this paper in the press or blogosphere, please reply to this thread and add the link to the article. \n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2011-07-15T15:01:39Z", "lastModified"=>"2011-07-15T15:01:39Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"PLoS ONE Staff"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0021295", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2011-07-15T15:01:39Z", "replies"=>[]}
Wikipedia | Further Information
- {"title"=>"Eschrichtiidae", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eschrichtiidae", "timestamp"=>"2018-03-06T00:54:32Z"}
- {"title"=>"Gray whale", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_whale", "timestamp"=>"2018-03-31T00:21:36Z"}
- {"title"=>"Cá voi xám", "url"=>"http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cá_voi_xám", "timestamp"=>"2017-11-27T17:55:31Z"}
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PMC Usage Stats | Further Information
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Relative Metric
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