Mendeley | Further Information

{"title"=>"Effects of Saturated Fat, Polyunsaturated Fat, Monounsaturated Fat, and Carbohydrate on Glucose-Insulin Homeostasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Feeding Trials", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Fumiaki", "last_name"=>"Imamura", "scopus_author_id"=>"56890773000"}, {"first_name"=>"Renata", "last_name"=>"Micha", "scopus_author_id"=>"25632461800"}, {"first_name"=>"Jason H.Y.", "last_name"=>"Wu", "scopus_author_id"=>"8511954600"}, {"first_name"=>"Marcia C.", "last_name"=>"de Oliveira Otto", "scopus_author_id"=>"45661078500"}, {"first_name"=>"Fadar O.", "last_name"=>"Otite", "scopus_author_id"=>"55866807600"}, {"first_name"=>"Ajibola I.", "last_name"=>"Abioye", "scopus_author_id"=>"56003242400"}, {"first_name"=>"Dariush", "last_name"=>"Mozaffarian", "scopus_author_id"=>"56751007100"}], "year"=>2016, "source"=>"PLoS Medicine", "identifiers"=>{"doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pmed.1002087", "sgr"=>"84979640426", "isbn"=>"1549-1676", "pmid"=>"27434027", "issn"=>"15491676", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84979640426", "pui"=>"611541387"}, "id"=>"df8ec3a6-b53f-37b7-9a3d-c13536cc97d5", "abstract"=>"BACKGROUND Effects of major dietary macronutrients on glucose-insulin homeostasis remain controversial and may vary by the clinical measures examined. We aimed to assess how saturated fat (SFA), monounsaturated fat (MUFA), polyunsaturated fat (PUFA), and carbohydrate affect key metrics of glucose-insulin homeostasis. METHODS AND FINDINGS We systematically searched multiple databases (PubMed, EMBASE, OVID, BIOSIS, Web-of-Knowledge, CAB, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, SIGLE, Faculty1000) for randomised controlled feeding trials published by 26 Nov 2015 that tested effects of macronutrient intake on blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c, insulin sensitivity, and insulin secretion in adults aged ≥18 years. We excluded trials with non-isocaloric comparisons and trials providing dietary advice or supplements rather than meals. Studies were reviewed and data extracted independently in duplicate. Among 6,124 abstracts, 102 trials, including 239 diet arms and 4,220 adults, met eligibility requirements. Using multiple-treatment meta-regression, we estimated dose-response effects of isocaloric replacements between SFA, MUFA, PUFA, and carbohydrate, adjusted for protein, trans fat, and dietary fibre. Replacing 5% energy from carbohydrate with SFA had no significant effect on fasting glucose (+0.02 mmol/L, 95% CI = -0.01, +0.04; n trials = 99), but lowered fasting insulin (-1.1 pmol/L; -1.7, -0.5; n = 90). Replacing carbohydrate with MUFA lowered HbA1c (-0.09%; -0.12, -0.05; n = 23), 2 h post-challenge insulin (-20.3 pmol/L; -32.2, -8.4; n = 11), and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (-2.4%; -4.6, -0.3; n = 30). Replacing carbohydrate with PUFA significantly lowered HbA1c (-0.11%; -0.17, -0.05) and fasting insulin (-1.6 pmol/L; -2.8, -0.4). Replacing SFA with PUFA significantly lowered glucose, HbA1c, C-peptide, and HOMA. Based on gold-standard acute insulin response in ten trials, PUFA significantly improved insulin secretion capacity (+0.5 pmol/L/min; 0.2, 0.8) whether replacing carbohydrate, SFA, or even MUFA. No significant effects of any macronutrient replacements were observed for 2 h post-challenge glucose or insulin sensitivity (minimal-model index). Limitations included a small number of trials for some outcomes and potential issues of blinding, compliance, generalisability, heterogeneity due to unmeasured factors, and publication bias. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis of randomised controlled feeding trials provides evidence that dietary macronutrients have diverse effects on glucose-insulin homeostasis. In comparison to carbohydrate, SFA, or MUFA, most consistent favourable effects were seen with PUFA, which was linked to improved glycaemia, insulin resistance, and insulin secretion capacity.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/effects-saturated-fat-polyunsaturated-fat-monounsaturated-fat-carbohydrate-glucoseinsulin-homeostasi", "reader_count"=>88, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>5, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>1, "Librarian"=>1, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>4, "Researcher"=>15, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>16, "Student > Postgraduate"=>6, "Student > Master"=>8, "Other"=>12, "Student > Bachelor"=>16, "Lecturer"=>1, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>2}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>5, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>1, "Librarian"=>1, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>4, "Researcher"=>15, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>16, "Student > Postgraduate"=>6, "Student > Master"=>8, "Other"=>12, "Student > Bachelor"=>16, "Lecturer"=>1, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>2}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>5, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>13, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>1, "Chemistry"=>4, "Computer Science"=>2, "Engineering"=>2, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>13, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>4, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>27, "Neuroscience"=>4, "Sports and Recreations"=>3, "Psychology"=>1, "Social Sciences"=>6, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>2, "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>27}, "Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>6}, "Sports and Recreations"=>{"Sports and Recreations"=>3}, "Psychology"=>{"Psychology"=>1}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>5}, "Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>2}, "Chemistry"=>{"Chemistry"=>4}, "Neuroscience"=>{"Neuroscience"=>4}, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>{"Immunology and Microbiology"=>2}, "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>{"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>1}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>13}, "Computer Science"=>{"Computer Science"=>2}, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>{"Nursing and Health Professions"=>13}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>4}, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>{"Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>1}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"New Zealand"=>1, "United States"=>1, "Spain"=>1}, "group_count"=>1}

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• {"id"=>"756254214381182976", "text"=>"Meta analysis of 100 trials found replacing dietary carbs& sat fats w unsaturated fats improves blood glucose GoNuts https://t.co/DtbQCiVwP0", "created_at"=>"2016-07-21T22:27:09Z", "user"=>"NutsForLife", "user_name"=>"Nuts For Life", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/610893652/NFL_cmyk_R_OTL_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"756254857707737092", "text"=>"To improve blood glucose replace carbs & sats fats w foods rich in unsaturated fats ie avocado - new meta analysis https://t.co/JBPSVsfpBH", "created_at"=>"2016-07-21T22:29:43Z", "user"=>"Avonutrition", "user_name"=>"Avocado Nutrition", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/439635976931926016/mVRppMzN_normal.jpeg"}
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• {"id"=>"757186857700618240", "text"=>"Effects #SaturatedtFat , #Polyunsaturatet Fat, #MonounsaturatedFat & #Carbohydrate on #GlucoseInsulinHomeostasis \n https://t.co/EAuNCHrl6W", "created_at"=>"2016-07-24T12:13:09Z", "user"=>"CastlDalmunzie", "user_name"=>"Dalmunzie Castle", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/608074729040134144/cK8GvtSv_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"757188180944773120", "text"=>"#T2D & #Insulinresistance Effects of #Fats & #Carbohydrate on #Glucose #insulin #Homeostasis @PLOSMedicine \n https://t.co/EAuNCHrl6W", "created_at"=>"2016-07-24T12:18:24Z", "user"=>"CastlDalmunzie", "user_name"=>"Dalmunzie Castle", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/608074729040134144/cK8GvtSv_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"757188951283265536", "text"=>"RT @CastlDalmunzie: #T2D & #Insulinresistance Effects of #Fats & #Carbohydrate on #Glucose #insulin #Homeostasis @PLOSMedicine \n https://t.…", "created_at"=>"2016-07-24T12:21:28Z", "user"=>"GreavesHol", "user_name"=>"Patricia Greaves Hol", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/743475825513758728/YiRzGoyR_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"757331558831456256", "text"=>"Any comments on this study?\nhttps://t.co/6lrpii2DTu @DietDoctor1 @bigfatsurprise", "created_at"=>"2016-07-24T21:48:08Z", "user"=>"Kaxli_one", "user_name"=>"Kaxli", "user_profile_image"=>"http://abs.twimg.com/sticky/default_profile_images/default_profile_1_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"757385192688394240", "text"=>"RT @davidludwigmd: How does carb and fat affect glucose/insulin? New review by @Dmozaffarian best to worst: poly > mono > sat > carb http…", "created_at"=>"2016-07-25T01:21:16Z", "user"=>"LangkopJanet", "user_name"=>"Janet Langkop", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2355932136/image_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"757514537541046272", "text"=>"RT @CastlDalmunzie: #T2D & #Insulinresistance Effects of #Fats & #Carbohydrate on #Glucose #insulin #Homeostasis @PLOSMedicine \n https://t.…", "created_at"=>"2016-07-25T09:55:14Z", "user"=>"drroykim", "user_name"=>"Roy Kim", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/525760006340091904/ZX9O0NF7_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"757516010106871808", "text"=>"?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? #?????? ??\nhttps://t.co/67E3lg4vQ0\n#?????_?????\n#?????\n#?????? https://t.co/SMXj4uCPFD", "created_at"=>"2016-07-25T10:01:05Z", "user"=>"RofaidaOrg", "user_name"=>"????? ?????", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/749916922288963584/rHqzq5Hu_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"757587403154583556", "text"=>"RT @Dmozaffarian: Based on 100+ randomized trials, healthy fats, in particular polys, improve risks for T2 diabetes. https://t.co/w6Nqo1B3BN", "created_at"=>"2016-07-25T14:44:46Z", "user"=>"sadlyimpaul", "user_name"=>"Kevin Gerwitz", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/755240525440049153/GCmEOGz1_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"757590458163949569", "text"=>"Unsaturated fats improve #diabetes risk - meta-analysis\nhttps://t.co/NtFtjUxiCq", "created_at"=>"2016-07-25T14:56:55Z", "user"=>"pennutrition", "user_name"=>"PEN Team", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3731953383/490701d2e2355d6e9716677b3c992e20_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"757591387231707136", "text"=>"RT @pennutrition: Unsaturated fats improve #diabetes risk - meta-analysis\nhttps://t.co/NtFtjUxiCq", "created_at"=>"2016-07-25T15:00:36Z", "user"=>"EvidNutrition", "user_name"=>"Evidencia Nutrici?n", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/561149712015716352/UUPiSzPc_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"757595730466988033", "text"=>"RT @pennutrition: Unsaturated fats improve #diabetes risk - meta-analysis\nhttps://t.co/NtFtjUxiCq", "created_at"=>"2016-07-25T15:17:52Z", "user"=>"ni_fallon", "user_name"=>"Nomi_Wan", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/717015549356670976/SwCHi4Gw_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"757705838731616256", "text"=>"RT @RofaidaOrg: ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? #?????? ??\nhttps://t.co/67E3lg4vQ0\n#?????_?????\n#?????\n#?????? https://t.co/SMXj4uCPFD", "created_at"=>"2016-07-25T22:35:24Z", "user"=>"abanamyclinics", "user_name"=>"Abanamy Polyclinic", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/669813684261273600/QYIrUPDC_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"757716631434899457", "text"=>"RT @pennutrition: Unsaturated fats improve #diabetes risk - meta-analysis\nhttps://t.co/NtFtjUxiCq", "created_at"=>"2016-07-25T23:18:17Z", "user"=>"DocYeyo", "user_name"=>"Doc Yeyo (Dr. Diego)", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/565229644517888000/4koz19oU_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"757895531075031040", "text"=>"RT @pennutrition: Unsaturated fats improve #diabetes risk - meta-analysis\nhttps://t.co/NtFtjUxiCq", "created_at"=>"2016-07-26T11:09:10Z", "user"=>"DAA_feed", "user_name"=>"DietitiansAssocAust", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/694753147051356160/sBa4KYjS_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"757900590525460480", "text"=>"RT @pennutrition: Unsaturated fats improve #diabetes risk - meta-analysis\nhttps://t.co/NtFtjUxiCq", "created_at"=>"2016-07-26T11:29:16Z", "user"=>"oNEgumDRop", "user_name"=>"Xinyi Li", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1886061458/image_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"757902123057176576", "text"=>"RT @pennutrition: Unsaturated fats improve #diabetes risk - meta-analysis\nhttps://t.co/NtFtjUxiCq", "created_at"=>"2016-07-26T11:35:21Z", "user"=>"LaughlinRD", "user_name"=>"Roxanne Laughlin, RD", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/630715091646726144/huSK9jvb_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"758006805469487104", "text"=>"RT @Dmozaffarian: Based on 100+ randomized trials, healthy fats, in particular polys, improve risks for T2 diabetes. https://t.co/w6Nqo1B3BN", "created_at"=>"2016-07-26T18:31:20Z", "user"=>"DrXaverius", "user_name"=>"Zorro elsevi?rido", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/750317247273562112/aWta9O6I_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"758009573080899584", "text"=>"RT @pennutrition: Unsaturated fats improve #diabetes risk - meta-analysis\nhttps://t.co/NtFtjUxiCq", "created_at"=>"2016-07-26T18:42:20Z", "user"=>"nutri_students", "user_name"=>"Nutrition Students", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000469810180/719ad04e45ba0b6fb2625bd45be49c89_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"758654647376699393", "text"=>"In comparison to carbs, SFA, MUFA, PUFA was linked to improved glycemia, IR, and insulin secretion capacity https://t.co/4HRf8TeFWs", "created_at"=>"2016-07-28T13:25:37Z", "user"=>"Drlipid", "user_name"=>"Thomas Dayspring", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/662252523/Picture_2009_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"758676929436389376", "text"=>"RT @Drlipid: In comparison to carbs, SFA, MUFA, PUFA was linked to improved glycemia, IR, and insulin secretion capacity https://t.co/4HRf…", "created_at"=>"2016-07-28T14:54:10Z", "user"=>"spencerdrake64", "user_name"=>"Spencer Drake", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/698179091690704896/3rt-A12R_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"758694990587400193", "text"=>"Effects of Sat, PUFA, Mono Fat & Carbohydrate on Glucose ... most consistent favorable effects were seen with PUFA. https://t.co/faR1jQJFTH", "created_at"=>"2016-07-28T16:05:56Z", "user"=>"WholeFoodNut", "user_name"=>"Whole Food Nut~MScN", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/696900196966379521/Mqvoqei3_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"758701175831138304", "text"=>"RT @Drlipid: In comparison to carbs, SFA, MUFA, PUFA was linked to improved glycemia, IR, and insulin secretion capacity https://t.co/4HRf…", "created_at"=>"2016-07-28T16:30:30Z", "user"=>"DurakDenise", "user_name"=>"Denise Durak", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/654006760794009600/DTAm7imf_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"758725685317767168", "text"=>"RT @Drlipid: In comparison to carbs, SFA, MUFA, PUFA was linked to improved glycemia, IR, and insulin secretion capacity https://t.co/4HRf…", "created_at"=>"2016-07-28T18:07:54Z", "user"=>"mikesbkelly", "user_name"=>"Mike Kelly", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/690336907407028226/CLKjDbrm_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"758806814255292416", "text"=>"Missed It? Saturated, Polyunsaturated, Monounsaturated #Fat and #Carbs on Glucose-Insulin #Homeostasis: #PLOS: https://t.co/s5ORplDGTg", "created_at"=>"2016-07-28T23:30:17Z", "user"=>"LS_Medical", "user_name"=>"Living Safely", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1265326199/LS_MedicalLogoSmall_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"759912987255644160", "text"=>"More benefits to a high-fat Mediterranean diet https://t.co/lAZ4QBL8Ok 30g of nuts per day https://t.co/agv8LKNsOl https://t.co/neaieMcLO7", "created_at"=>"2016-08-01T00:45:49Z", "user"=>"erlesen", "user_name"=>"Reiner Gri?hammer", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/125495921/Reiner19.Nov.Z_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"760588630909784064", "text"=>"RT @davidludwigmd: How does carb and fat affect glucose/insulin? New review by @Dmozaffarian best to worst: poly > mono > sat > carb http…", "created_at"=>"2016-08-02T21:30:35Z", "user"=>"janet_langkop", "user_name"=>"Janet Langkop", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000540748674/33f9c5f56596b9f9a6619033d93d47c7_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"760596725018992641", "text"=>"RT @davidludwigmd: How does carb and fat affect glucose/insulin? New review by @Dmozaffarian best to worst: poly > mono > sat > carb http…", "created_at"=>"2016-08-02T22:02:45Z", "user"=>"LangkopJanet", "user_name"=>"Janet Langkop", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2355932136/image_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"761253291816783872", "text"=>"Como nutricionista hay trabajos q me la ponen dura en relaci?n con #Diabetes https://t.co/ZDVuWGVWH1 pr?ximamente comentado n @PatiaDiabetes", "created_at"=>"2016-08-04T17:31:42Z", "user"=>"juan_revenga", "user_name"=>"Juan Revenga", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/725063803172478977/kpSCZ0lN_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"761291508045737985", "text"=>"RT @juan_revenga: Como nutricionista hay trabajos q me la ponen dura en relaci?n con #Diabetes https://t.co/ZDVuWGVWH1 pr?ximamente comenta…", "created_at"=>"2016-08-04T20:03:34Z", "user"=>"deemege", "user_name"=>"Dario Martinez", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/549536799303802881/JZYq850Y_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"762789709529567232", "text"=>"Replace some carbs and sat fats in the diet w healthy fats like those in avocado and nuts to improve blood glucose https://t.co/JBPSVsfpBH", "created_at"=>"2016-08-08T23:16:53Z", "user"=>"Avonutrition", "user_name"=>"Avocado Nutrition", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/439635976931926016/mVRppMzN_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"763126938491686913", "text"=>"RT @davidludwigmd: How does carb and fat affect glucose/insulin? New review by @Dmozaffarian best to worst: poly > mono > sat > carb http…", "created_at"=>"2016-08-09T21:36:55Z", "user"=>"LangkopJanet", "user_name"=>"Janet Langkop", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2355932136/image_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"763750935378161664", "text"=>"M?S GRASAS SALUDABLES Y MENOS HIDRATOS DE CARBONO PARA REDUCIR EL RIESGO DE #DIABETES. https://t.co/YMiLVtPDhI", "created_at"=>"2016-08-11T14:56:27Z", "user"=>"AGomez72803809", "user_name"=>"A, Gomez", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/424229817597181952/PcgNpdn0_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"764624876925624321", "text"=>"RT @davidludwigmd: How does carb and fat affect glucose/insulin? New review by @Dmozaffarian best to worst: poly > mono > sat > carb http…", "created_at"=>"2016-08-14T00:49:11Z", "user"=>"LangkopJanet", "user_name"=>"Janet Langkop", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2355932136/image_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"764956274639278082", "text"=>"Replacing some carbs & sat fats in the diet w healthy fats like those in nuts can improve blood glucose control https://t.co/izRTHiexzL", "created_at"=>"2016-08-14T22:46:02Z", "user"=>"NutsForLife", "user_name"=>"Nuts For Life", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/610893652/NFL_cmyk_R_OTL_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"765689141153501184", "text"=>"@oz_f rich in unsaturated fat, claimed to be good for preventing diabetes https://t.co/nVq9Nh93Om", "created_at"=>"2016-08-16T23:18:11Z", "user"=>"mpwoodhead", "user_name"=>"Michael Woodhead", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/703445021928755201/2uuj5Z1__normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"766196709961691137", "text"=>"Replacing carb, SFA, or even MUFA with PUFA significantly impr insulin secretion. Could equate to 22% decr T2DM risk https://t.co/2caKJWBYjm", "created_at"=>"2016-08-18T08:55:05Z", "user"=>"MelanieMcGrice", "user_name"=>"Melanie McGrice", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/755559968221253633/BqpqKknG_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"766827971856338944", "text"=>"RT @davidludwigmd: How does carb and fat affect glucose/insulin? New review by @Dmozaffarian best to worst: poly > mono > sat > carb http…", "created_at"=>"2016-08-20T02:43:30Z", "user"=>"LangkopJanet", "user_name"=>"Janet Langkop", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2355932136/image_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"770782563572916225", "text"=>"RT @davidludwigmd: How does carb and fat affect glucose/insulin? New review by @Dmozaffarian best to worst: poly > mono > sat > carb http…", "created_at"=>"2016-08-31T00:37:38Z", "user"=>"LangkopJanet", "user_name"=>"Janet Langkop", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2355932136/image_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"772131020669759488", "text"=>".@bigfatsurprise Here's PLOS link: https://t.co/eOjX4EK5xA Seems to me from careful wording of conclusions <maybe> issues of confounding ??", "created_at"=>"2016-09-03T17:55:55Z", "user"=>"kennethanderson", "user_name"=>"Kenneth Anderson", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1465041349/andersonk_portrait_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"777344973708464128", "text"=>"RT @davidludwigmd: How does carb and fat affect glucose/insulin? New review by @Dmozaffarian best to worst: poly > mono > sat > carb http…", "created_at"=>"2016-09-18T03:14:18Z", "user"=>"janet_langkop", "user_name"=>"Janet Langkop", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000540748674/33f9c5f56596b9f9a6619033d93d47c7_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"780397803503779840", "text"=>"Effects of Saturated Fat, Polyunsaturated Fat, Monounsaturated Fat, and Carbohydrate on Glucose-Insulin Homeostasis https://t.co/rI4JZXZT1f", "created_at"=>"2016-09-26T13:25:10Z", "user"=>"IlindelatorreMD", "user_name"=>"Dr Ilin Gilberto dlT", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/725351901643063296/d9N6B6CL_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"787895841470185472", "text"=>"@StoroniMithu Yes this is artificial setting. but quite well in line with longer-term RCTs (more realistic settings) https://t.co/IgimVvRz78", "created_at"=>"2016-10-17T05:59:41Z", "user"=>"pronutritionist", "user_name"=>"Reijo Laatikainen", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/755639314600558593/CboPce2Q_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"805107115903909889", "text"=>"@PauliOhukainen Seems to support this recent syst review/MA then https://t.co/bBP2JwP2D2", "created_at"=>"2016-12-03T17:51:09Z", "user"=>"erik_arnesen", "user_name"=>"Erik Arnesen", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/711237931860672512/_3lbbqtd_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"877536447812816897", "text"=>"I wonder why the saturated-fat paper did not discuss any about glycemic outcomes and cite our paper at #PLOSMedicine https://t.co/kpMWJZ8X0v", "created_at"=>"2017-06-21T14:39:27Z", "user"=>"fumimamu", "user_name"=>"Fumiaki Imamura", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2325563968/cgwctkee9wcdrwpb41gb_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"918650573418848258", "text"=>"Literally, by Unilever, leading producer of margarine. Another @Dmozaffarian exercise.\n\nhttps://t.co/z5c23ytWKB https://t.co/sVAxppVjQk", "created_at"=>"2017-10-13T01:32:19Z", "user"=>"TuckerGoodrich", "user_name"=>"Tucker Goodrich", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/433250239021993985/k3onP0aa_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"918678327975591936", "text"=>"Tuo uusi kohorttitutkimuksien yhteisanalyysi hyvin linjassa my?s satunnaistettujen tutkimuksien kanssa https://t.co/IgimVvzXIy", "created_at"=>"2017-10-13T03:22:36Z", "user"=>"pronutritionist", "user_name"=>"Reijo Laatikainen", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/755639314600558593/CboPce2Q_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"918726598534184960", "text"=>"RT @TuckerGoodrich: Literally, by Unilever, leading producer of margarine. Another @Dmozaffarian exercise.\n\nhttps://t.co/z5c23ytWKB https:/…", "created_at"=>"2017-10-13T06:34:24Z", "user"=>"DiscoStew66", "user_name"=>"DiscoStew", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/849783609246367744/HhN1Rs0v_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"918750801249689600", "text"=>"RT @TuckerGoodrich: Literally, by Unilever, leading producer of margarine. Another @Dmozaffarian exercise.\n\nhttps://t.co/z5c23ytWKB https:/…", "created_at"=>"2017-10-13T08:10:35Z", "user"=>"allessandrea", "user_name"=>"annie", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/904231436949049344/9GCD_HEf_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"918806976288706560", "text"=>"RT @TuckerGoodrich: Literally, by Unilever, leading producer of margarine. Another @Dmozaffarian exercise.\n\nhttps://t.co/z5c23ytWKB https:/…", "created_at"=>"2017-10-13T11:53:48Z", "user"=>"RobbieT62", "user_name"=>"Robbie", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/699030828584718336/GO8AcO4L_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"918857021784543232", "text"=>"RT @TuckerGoodrich: Literally, by Unilever, leading producer of margarine. Another @Dmozaffarian exercise.\n\nhttps://t.co/z5c23ytWKB https:/…", "created_at"=>"2017-10-13T15:12:40Z", "user"=>"brasilandesa", "user_name"=>"Joanna Korevaar", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/917307424188653569/PiNs-1q5_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"919227722601201664", "text"=>"RT @TuckerGoodrich: Literally, by Unilever, leading producer of margarine. Another @Dmozaffarian exercise.\n\nhttps://t.co/z5c23ytWKB https:/…", "created_at"=>"2017-10-14T15:45:42Z", "user"=>"torrylad", "user_name"=>"David Elliott", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/239705466/lobby2_normal.JPG"}

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• {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"86", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"542"}
• {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"58", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"325"}
• {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"68", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"413"}
• {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"76", "xml_views"=>"4", "html_views"=>"456"}
• {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"82", "xml_views"=>"5", "html_views"=>"729"}
• {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"79", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"526"}
• {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"74", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"544"}
• {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"135", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"445"}
• {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"103", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"420"}
• {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"168", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"414"}
• {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"192", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"490"}
• {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"239", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"464"}
• {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"302", "xml_views"=>"6", "html_views"=>"272"}
• {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"275", "xml_views"=>"7", "html_views"=>"285"}
• {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"654", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"502"}
• {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"448", "xml_views"=>"4", "html_views"=>"619"}
• {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"608", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"406"}
• {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"333", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"522"}
• {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"230", "xml_views"=>"4", "html_views"=>"402"}
• {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"230", "xml_views"=>"4", "html_views"=>"306"}
• {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"288", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"231"}
• {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"868", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"210"}
• {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"710", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"213"}
• {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"973", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"178"}
• {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"760", "xml_views"=>"4", "html_views"=>"219"}
• {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"379", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"113"}

PMC Usage Stats

• {"unique-ip"=>"76", "full-text"=>"69", "pdf"=>"47", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"6", "supp-data"=>"6", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"8"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"99", "full-text"=>"99", "pdf"=>"57", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"19", "supp-data"=>"13", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"9"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"121", "full-text"=>"134", "pdf"=>"53", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"15", "supp-data"=>"6", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"10"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"170", "full-text"=>"207", "pdf"=>"36", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"12", "supp-data"=>"21", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"11"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"57", "full-text"=>"74", "pdf"=>"22", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"12"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"59", "full-text"=>"54", "pdf"=>"28", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"9", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"1"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"61", "full-text"=>"71", "pdf"=>"28", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"6", "supp-data"=>"13", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"2"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"64", "full-text"=>"66", "pdf"=>"26", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"11", "supp-data"=>"4", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"3"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"44", "full-text"=>"57", "pdf"=>"18", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"12", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"4"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"129", "full-text"=>"152", "pdf"=>"42", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"10", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"5"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"125", "full-text"=>"149", "pdf"=>"55", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"18", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"6"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"199", "full-text"=>"258", "pdf"=>"42", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"9", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"7"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"91", "full-text"=>"92", "pdf"=>"51", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"9", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"8"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"81", "full-text"=>"99", "pdf"=>"30", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"23", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"9"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"124", "full-text"=>"138", "pdf"=>"47", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"21", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"10"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"78", "full-text"=>"98", "pdf"=>"23", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"11"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"90", "full-text"=>"102", "pdf"=>"29", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"8", "supp-data"=>"9", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"12"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"108", "full-text"=>"138", "pdf"=>"34", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"10", "supp-data"=>"14", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"1"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"7", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"2"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"151", "full-text"=>"185", "pdf"=>"47", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"22", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"3"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"217", "full-text"=>"237", "pdf"=>"34", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"16", "supp-data"=>"19", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"1"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"308", "full-text"=>"439", "pdf"=>"91", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"14", "cited-by"=>"2", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"5"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"224", "full-text"=>"278", "pdf"=>"51", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"10", "supp-data"=>"4", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"4"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"171", "full-text"=>"223", "pdf"=>"40", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"6", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"6"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"173", "full-text"=>"214", "pdf"=>"22", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"25", "supp-data"=>"8", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"7"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"273", "full-text"=>"395", "pdf"=>"27", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"6", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"8"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"361", "full-text"=>"433", "pdf"=>"24", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"8", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"9"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"253", "full-text"=>"298", "pdf"=>"40", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"7", "supp-data"=>"11", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"10"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"261", "full-text"=>"316", "pdf"=>"38", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"10", "supp-data"=>"23", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"11"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"183", "full-text"=>"216", "pdf"=>"27", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"9", "supp-data"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"2", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"12"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"170", "full-text"=>"194", "pdf"=>"24", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"22", "supp-data"=>"7", "cited-by"=>"2", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"2"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"247", "full-text"=>"281", "pdf"=>"48", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"6", "cited-by"=>"3", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"3"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"212", "full-text"=>"238", "pdf"=>"44", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"4"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"232", "full-text"=>"267", "pdf"=>"37", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"13", "supp-data"=>"8", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"5"}

F1000Prime