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{"title"=>"Rabies in Nonhuman Primates and Potential for Transmission to Humans: A Literature Review and Examination of Selected French National Data", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Philippe", "last_name"=>"Gautret", "scopus_author_id"=>"36893462000"}, {"first_name"=>"Jesse", "last_name"=>"Blanton", "scopus_author_id"=>"8636171600"}, {"first_name"=>"Laurent", "last_name"=>"Dacheux", "scopus_author_id"=>"24331230800"}, {"first_name"=>"Florence", "last_name"=>"Ribadeau-Dumas", "scopus_author_id"=>"16234874200"}, {"first_name"=>"Philippe", "last_name"=>"Brouqui", "scopus_author_id"=>"7005522769"}, {"first_name"=>"Philippe", "last_name"=>"Parola", "scopus_author_id"=>"7006212186"}, {"first_name"=>"Douglas H.", "last_name"=>"Esposito", "scopus_author_id"=>"35740220400"}, {"first_name"=>"Hervé", "last_name"=>"Bourhy", "scopus_author_id"=>"7003938340"}], "year"=>2014, "source"=>"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases", "identifiers"=>{"sgr"=>"84901747578", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pntd.0002863", "issn"=>"19352735", "pui"=>"373228470", "isbn"=>"1935-2727", "pmid"=>"24831694", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84901747578"}, "id"=>"1110d378-f4d1-3029-9efb-bca4c321263e", "abstract"=>"BACKGROUND: The nonhuman primate (NHP)-related injuries in rabies-enzootic countries is a public health problem of increasing importance. The aims of this work are to collect data concerning rabies transmission from NHPs to humans; to collate medical practices regarding rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in different countries, and to provide an evidence base to support the decision to apply rabies PEP in this context.\\n\\nMETHODOLOGY: To retrieve information, we conducted a literature search from 1960 to January 2013. All reports of rabies in NHPs and rabies transmission to humans by infected NHPs were included. Also included were studies of travelers seeking care for rabies PEP in various settings. Data collected by the French National Reference Centre for Rabies concerning NHPs submitted for rabies diagnosis in France and human rabies exposure to NHPs in travelers returning to France were analyzed for the periods 1999-2012 and 1994-2011, respectively.\\n\\nPRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A total of 159 reports of rabies in NHPs have been retrieved from various sources in South America, Africa, and Asia, including 13 cases in animals imported to Europe and the US. 134 were laboratory confirmed cases. 25 cases of human rabies following NHP-related injuries were reported, including 20 from Brazil. Among more than 2000 international travelers from various settings, the proportion of injuries related to NHP exposures was about 31%. NHPs rank second, following dogs in most studies and first in studies conducted in travelers returning from Southeast Asia. In France, 15.6% of 1606 travelers seeking PEP for exposure to any animal were injured by monkeys.\\n\\nCONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Although less frequently reported in published literature than human rabies, confirmed rabies cases in NHPs occur. The occurrence of documented transmission of rabies from NHPs to human suggests that rabies PEP is indicated in patients injured by NHPs in rabies-enzootic countries.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/rabies-nonhuman-primates-potential-transmission-humans-literature-review-examination-selected-french", "reader_count"=>44, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>1, "Librarian"=>4, "Researcher"=>9, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>1, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>7, "Student > Postgraduate"=>5, "Student > Master"=>8, "Other"=>3, "Student > Bachelor"=>4, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>1, "Librarian"=>4, "Researcher"=>9, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>1, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>7, "Student > Postgraduate"=>5, "Student > Master"=>8, "Other"=>3, "Student > Bachelor"=>4, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>2, "Environmental Science"=>3, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>3, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>1, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>11, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>17, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>1, "Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>1, "Psychology"=>1, "Social Sciences"=>1, "Computer Science"=>2, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>17}, "Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>1}, "Psychology"=>{"Psychology"=>1}, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>{"Immunology and Microbiology"=>1}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>11}, "Computer Science"=>{"Computer Science"=>2}, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>{"Nursing and Health Professions"=>3}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>1}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>2}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>3}, "Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>{"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>1}, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>{"Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>1}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Cameroon"=>1, "United States"=>1, "Brazil"=>3, "Malaysia"=>1, "India"=>1}, "group_count"=>2}

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• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2018.08.014
• http://doi.org/10.3201/eid2108.150346
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2018.12.015
• http://doi.org/10.1111/jtm.12214
• http://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12527
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2014.05.002
• http://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taw007
• http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-102215-100003
• http://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4079(19)31241-5
• http://doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.14-6-78
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-016-0531-5
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2019.03.002

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• {"id"=>"467393646845632512", "text"=>"New research from @PLOSNTDs: #Rabies in Nonhuman Primates and Potential for Transmission to Humans http://t.co/p0PeRpirBr", "created_at"=>"2014-05-16T19:58:23Z", "user"=>"PLOSNTDs", "user_name"=>"PLOS NTDs", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000470491457/1d8a0b6d4be73c130ccb5e53fef6e058_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"468068062261182465", "text"=>"RT @PLOSNTDs: New research from @PLOSNTDs: #Rabies in Nonhuman Primates and Potential for Transmission to Humans http://t.co/p0PeRpirBr", "created_at"=>"2014-05-18T16:38:17Z", "user"=>"Polygeia", "user_name"=>"Polygeia ", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/448465569684021248/6Lv6fvkb_normal.png"}
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• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1499923"], "description"=>"<div><p>Background</p><p>The nonhuman primate (NHP)-related injuries in rabies-enzootic countries is a public health problem of increasing importance. The aims of this work are to collect data concerning rabies transmission from NHPs to humans; to collate medical practices regarding rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in different countries, and to provide an evidence base to support the decision to apply rabies PEP in this context.</p><p>Methodology</p><p>To retrieve information, we conducted a literature search from 1960 to January 2013. All reports of rabies in NHPs and rabies transmission to humans by infected NHPs were included. Also included were studies of travelers seeking care for rabies PEP in various settings.</p><p>Data collected by the French National Reference Centre for Rabies concerning NHPs submitted for rabies diagnosis in France and human rabies exposure to NHPs in travelers returning to France were analyzed for the periods 1999–2012 and 1994–2011, respectively.</p><p>Principal findings</p><p>A total of 159 reports of rabies in NHPs have been retrieved from various sources in South America, Africa, and Asia, including 13 cases in animals imported to Europe and the US. 134 were laboratory confirmed cases. 25 cases of human rabies following NHP-related injuries were reported, including 20 from Brazil. Among more than 2000 international travelers from various settings, the proportion of injuries related to NHP exposures was about 31%. NHPs rank second, following dogs in most studies and first in studies conducted in travelers returning from Southeast Asia. In France, 15.6% of 1606 travelers seeking PEP for exposure to any animal were injured by monkeys.</p><p>Conclusions/significance</p><p>Although less frequently reported in published literature than human rabies, confirmed rabies cases in NHPs occur. The occurrence of documented transmission of rabies from NHPs to human suggests that rabies PEP is indicated in patients injured by NHPs in rabies-enzootic countries.</p></div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Veterinary science", "Veterinary diseases", "Zoonoses", "rabies", "epidemiology", "Infectious diseases", "Tropical diseases", "neglected tropical diseases", "nonhuman", "primates", "french"], "article_id"=>1028533, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Philippe Gautret", "Jesse Blanton", "Laurent Dacheux", "Florence Ribadeau-Dumas", "Philippe Brouqui", "Philippe Parola", "Douglas H. Esposito", "Hervé Bourhy"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002863", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>10, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Rabies_in_Nonhuman_Primates_and_Potential_for_Transmission_to_Humans_A_Literature_Review_and_Examination_of_Selected_French_National_Data_/1028533", "title"=>"Rabies in Nonhuman Primates and Potential for Transmission to Humans: A Literature Review and Examination of Selected French National Data", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2014-05-15 03:52:19"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1499921"], "description"=>"1<p>confirmed by histological observation of Negri bodies in the brain.</p>2<p>confirmed by mouse inoculation with brain material.</p>3<p>confirmed by fluorescent antibody testing of brain samples.</p>4<p>This monkey had been vaccinated with a modified live-virus rabies vaccine of avian origin, 13 days before the onset of symptoms. The viral isolate from the rabid monkey had characteristics consistent with an egg-adapted vaccine strain suggesting that the monkey's infection was vaccine-induced. These included a short incubation period in mice (4–5 days), absence of fluorescent rabies antibodies detectable virus in salivary glands and corneas of the mice, only rare inclusions typical of Negri bodies produced on mouse passage, and high titered growth in eggs on first passage.</p>5<p>These monkeys had been vaccinated with a modified live-virus rabies vaccine (strain ERA) 43 and 28 days before the onset of the symptoms, suggesting that the monkey's infection was vaccine induced, although sequencing or typing were not done.</p>6<p>species not stated.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Veterinary science", "Veterinary diseases", "Zoonoses", "rabies", "epidemiology", "Infectious diseases", "Tropical diseases", "neglected tropical diseases", "imported", "nonhuman"], "article_id"=>1028531, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Philippe Gautret", "Jesse Blanton", "Laurent Dacheux", "Florence Ribadeau-Dumas", "Philippe Brouqui", "Philippe Parola", "Douglas H. Esposito", "Hervé Bourhy"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002863.t002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>12, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Confirmed_rabies_in_imported_nonhuman_primates_/1028531", "title"=>"Confirmed rabies in imported nonhuman primates.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2014-05-15 03:52:19"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1499922"], "description"=>"1<p>confirmed by molecular analysis.</p>2<p>confirmed by histological observation of Negri bodies in the brain.</p>3<p>rabies diagnosis was assessed on clinical criteria only.</p>4<p>confirmed by fluorescent antibody testing of brain samples, molecular analysis and mouse inoculation with brain material.</p>5<p>species not stated.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Veterinary science", "Veterinary diseases", "Zoonoses", "rabies", "epidemiology", "Infectious diseases", "Tropical diseases", "neglected tropical diseases", "cases", "nonhuman", "primate-related"], "article_id"=>1028532, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Philippe Gautret", "Jesse Blanton", "Laurent Dacheux", "Florence Ribadeau-Dumas", "Philippe Brouqui", "Philippe Parola", "Douglas H. Esposito", "Hervé Bourhy"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002863.t001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>6, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Human_rabies_1_cases_following_nonhuman_primate_related_injuries_/1028532", "title"=>"Human rabies¹ cases following nonhuman primate-related injuries.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2014-05-15 03:52:19"}
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PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

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Relative Metric

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F1000Prime