The Sorcerer II Global Ocean Sampling Expedition: Metagenomic Characterization of Viruses within Aquatic Microbial Samples
- Publication Date
- January 23, 2008
- Journal
- PLOS ONE
- Authors
- Shannon J. Williamson, Douglas B. Rusch, Shibu Yooseph, Aaron L. Halpern, et al
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e1456
- DOI
- https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456
- Publisher URL
- http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0001456
- PubMed
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18213365
- PubMed Central
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2186209
- Europe PMC
- http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/18213365
- Web of Science
- 000260503900002
- Scopus
- 44849140662
- Mendeley
- http://www.mendeley.com/research/sorcerer-ii-global-ocean-sampling-expedition-metagenomic-characterization-viruses-within-aquatic-mic
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CiteULike | Further Information
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Mendeley | Further Information
{"title"=>"The sorcerer II global ocean sampling expedition: Metagenomic characterization of viruses within aquatic microbial samples", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Shannon J.", "last_name"=>"Williamson", "scopus_author_id"=>"7203080324"}, {"first_name"=>"Douglas B.", "last_name"=>"Rusch", "scopus_author_id"=>"7004630429"}, {"first_name"=>"Shibu", "last_name"=>"Yooseph", "scopus_author_id"=>"6602156903"}, {"first_name"=>"Aaron L.", "last_name"=>"Halpern", "scopus_author_id"=>"7103054770"}, {"first_name"=>"Karla B.", "last_name"=>"Heidelberg", "scopus_author_id"=>"8658484300"}, {"first_name"=>"John I.", "last_name"=>"Glass", "scopus_author_id"=>"7201603522"}, {"first_name"=>"Cynthia Andrews", "last_name"=>"Pfannkoch", "scopus_author_id"=>"57199568396"}, {"first_name"=>"Douglas", "last_name"=>"Fadrosh", "scopus_author_id"=>"8936983300"}, {"first_name"=>"Christopher S.", "last_name"=>"Miller", "scopus_author_id"=>"7406256897"}, {"first_name"=>"Granger", "last_name"=>"Sutton", "scopus_author_id"=>"56750848100"}, {"first_name"=>"Marvin", "last_name"=>"Frazler", "scopus_author_id"=>"24340527800"}, {"first_name"=>"J. Craig", "last_name"=>"Venter", "scopus_author_id"=>"35352327000"}], "year"=>2008, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"pmid"=>"18213365", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "sgr"=>"44849140662", "isbn"=>"1932-6203", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-44849140662", "issn"=>"19326203", "pui"=>"351791355"}, "id"=>"ebd63300-366b-3ef5-ba8a-2f5fc9a113f3", "abstract"=>"Viruses are the most abundant biological entities on our planet. Interactions between viruses and their hosts impact several important biological processes in the world's oceans such as horizontal gene transfer, microbial diversity and biogeochemical cycling. Interrogation of microbial metagenomic sequence data collected as part of the Sorcerer II Global Ocean Expedition (GOS) revealed a high abundance of viral sequences, representing approximately 3{%} of the total predicted proteins. Cluster analyses of the viral sequences revealed hundreds to thousands of viral genes encoding various metabolic and cellular functions. Quantitative analyses of viral genes of host origin performed on the viral fraction of aquatic samples confirmed the viral nature of these sequences and suggested that significant portions of aquatic viral communities behave as reservoirs of such genetic material. Distributional and phylogenetic analyses of these host-derived viral sequences also suggested that viral acquisition of environmentally relevant genes of host origin is a more abundant and widespread phenomenon than previously appreciated. The predominant viral sequences identified within microbial fractions originated from tailed bacteriophages and exhibited varying global distributions according to viral family. Recruitment of GOS viral sequence fragments against 27 complete aquatic viral genomes revealed that only one reference bacteriophage genome was highly abundant and was closely related, but not identical, to the cyanomyovirus P-SSM4. The co-distribution across all sampling sites of P-SSM4-like sequences with the dominant ecotype of its host, Prochlorococcus supports the classification of the viral sequences as P-SSM4-like and suggests that this virus may influence the abundance, distribution and diversity of one of the most dominant components of picophytoplankton in oligotrophic oceans. In summary, the abundance and broad geographical distribution of viral sequences within microbial fractions, the prevalence of genes among viral sequences that encode microbial physiological function and their distinct phylogenetic distribution lend strong support to the notion that viral-mediated gene acquisition is a common and ongoing mechanism for generating microbial diversity in the marine environment.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/sorcerer-ii-global-ocean-sampling-expedition-metagenomic-characterization-viruses-within-aquatic-mic", "reader_count"=>365, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>6, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>26, "Researcher"=>95, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>12, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>107, "Student > Postgraduate"=>17, "Student > Master"=>48, "Other"=>9, "Student > Bachelor"=>22, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>4, "Professor"=>18}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>6, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>26, "Researcher"=>95, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>12, "Student > Ph. D. 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PubMed Central | Further Information
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Scopus | Further Information
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Journal Comments | Further Information
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/4519ddf3-4c75-452f-b8df-ebf2c227455d", "title"=>"Referee comments: Referee 1", "body"=>"Referee 1's review:\r\n\r\nIn this study the authors filtered water from aquatic communities and characterized the DNA viral fraction collected between 0.1 and 0.8 micron filters. This fraction includes community DNA from various microbes, not solely from viral particles. The experimental work was based on methods this group has developed for their global survey project, and on viral work pioneered by DeLong and by Breitbart/Rohwer. This work also provides a very nice complement to previous published studies from the same group and will be of interest to marine virologists and evolution biologists.\r\nThe claims made in the paper appear appropriate from the genomic data and analyses performed.\r\n\r\nI do have a few comments to help clarify the text. Although I consider myself well versed in genomics, I did find it at times a bit arduous to follow:\r\n\r\nThe authors tagged a metagenomic sequence as being of viral origin only if the top homology match was to a viral protein. The authors acknowledge that this approach will most likely underestimate the number of true viral sequences present. They identified in this manner more than 154,662 viral sequences and functionally characterized them through sequence similarity clustering.\r\n\r\n1. I assume this number represents the number of viral READS?\r\n2. It is not clear to me, from the text, what percentage of the total sequences (or reads) this number (154,662) represents.\r\n3. The authors indicate in the 'Results' section that 79.3% of these viral sequences \"belonged to a sequence assembly scaffold that was taxonomically assigned as viral\". Does this mean that >79% of the viral sequences ASSEMBLED into this scaffold? If yes, then there would be a considerable overlap between these sequences? I assume not because in the protein clustering section the authors indicate that these viral sequences then cluster into many different protein groups. In the same paragraph they also refer to 154,662 proteins. I think it would be more appropriate to refer to them as peptides since they are most likely not complete proteins (or are they?). It is just not clear from the text.\r\n\r\nThe interest of this study is primarily in the diversity of aquatic environments that they have been able to sample (37 in all) over a 10 month period during a 6 leg oceanographic expedition. They added another 4 sites that had been previously analyzed in the course of the Sargasso Sea pilot study. This provides a unique snapshot of the viral ecology of these locales, ranging from Nova Scotia to French Polynesia.\r\n\r\n4. Were the sequence data from the 4 Sargasso stations already available or did the authors have to take samples out of freezers and sequence them? If they were available, I assume the same fraction (01-08 micron) had already been analyzed for the Sargasso study but that viral sequences had not been analyzed? Please clarify in the text.\r\n5. What is considered as \"the first part of the GOS expedition\" (first paragraph, page 5, Results)? Is that the first leg of the expedition or the Sargasso Sea data?\r\n\r\nOther edits/comments\r\n\r\n6. The term 'host-derived viral sequences' is a bit confusing. There is a nice description and literature review in the introduction on lateral gene transfer between viruses and their hosts; it wouldn't hurt to hint back at that in the results section when discussing host-derived viral sequences for the first time.\r\n7. Figure 2. I do not see any yellow or orange lines, as mentioned in the legend to this figure. Figure 3. I'm not sure I see orange lines in Figure 3. These figures are really not very clear, at least not in my printed version.\r\n8. Figures 4, 5 and S1-S9. Does the colored gradient for the histogram bars mean anything or is that to help in visualizing which bar corresponds to each individual site?\r\n9. Table 1: indicates a value of 4.0x107 copies per L of surface water for gene petE. The text on page 7 says 2.1x107 copies/L.\r\n10. It would facilitate things for the reader if you indicated in Table 1 which fractions correspond to ocean samples and which correspond to freshwater.\r\n11. Table S1: This table is marked \"Table 1.\"\r\n\r\n----------\r\nN.B. These are the comments made by the referee when reviewing an earlier version of this paper. Prior to publication the manuscript has been revised in light of these comments and to address other editorial requirements.", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-01-25T13:24:55Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-01-25T13:24:55Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-01-25T13:24:55Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/13669b2d-d113-431b-9977-cb372cf5967b", "title"=>"Referee comments: Referee 2", "body"=>"I reviewed this manuscript with great anticipation; the application of metagenomic techniques to the field of marine virology has fantastic potential. However, I was sorely disappointed with this manuscript.\r\n\r\nCredit to the authors: this is a very well written and fluent manuscript. However, the fluency only serves to mask the lack of any real hypothesis driven science. Too often, the results are used to loosely confirm the findings of other groups, without using their own data to move the field forward significantly. This is particularly apparent with the data that doesn't support previous published work or, in my opinion, needs some extra thought (such as the phylogenetic analysis and linking virus numbers to environmental conditions), the authors have a blank canvass on which to speculate and put their own ideas forward, yet fail to do so.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe manuscript has two aspects: the analysis of the sequence data and the qPCR profiling of DNA samples. The first aspect is approached well, the identification, classification and clustering of viral sequence from the dataset is done well, and the authors consider and describe the limitations of this method well. On its own, this is hardly ground breaking science, so I welcomed the second aspect focussing on what the authors describe as \"host-derived virus genes\".\r\n\r\nThis was a chance to add some real biological inferences to the dataset. However, I was mildly disappointed with this analysis which seemed to be slightly directionless. The numbers associated with the quantitative analysis seem to be highly dubious: In particular speD and talC whose error seems to be off scale. (Avg 7.6 X 10~5 {plus minus} 9.7 X 10~5 L-1, 3.8 X 10~4 {plus minus} 7.4 X 10~4, respectively).\r\nThe phylogenetic analysis is technically well done, and provides excellent insights into gene evolution and virus-host gene transfer. I would like to see more effort made in this section, there is a chance to expand and actually put forward some original ideas here.\r\n\r\nThe distribution of host derived viral sequence is an interest analysis, it is only a shame that no significant findings can come from linking the genomic sequence to environmental parameters. In my mind this is the major strength of these sorts of analysis: linking metagenomic data directly to the environment. I would like to see this section given a more prominent standing in the manuscript, with a more extensive interpretation of the results.\r\n\r\n\r\nI notice from table S9 that only 3 of the sequenced phycodnaviridae were included in this analysis. This analysis seems out of date since 5 more chlorella viruses have been sequenced recently. It is understandable if this analysis was performed long before this sequences were publicly available, but the omission of the coccolithovirus genome, EhV-86, seems to be a significant over sight given the ubiquitous nature of its host organism, E. huxleyi.\r\n\r\nThe estimate of infected prochlorococcus cells is shaky at best. The assumption that all the prochlorococcus virus DNA was isolated from infected cells is highly dubious. Is it possible to get any idea of whether this assumption is valid through analysis of RNA transcripts by qPCR? Presumably infected cells are making virus message. Without this sort of data, this assumption is very bold. I also get the impression that data was selectively chosen to reach the magic number of 3% infection rates to agree with previous studies.\r\n\r\nOther comments:\r\n\r\nWhere is the sequence data held, I could find no reference to it in the manuscript. Is this publicly available?\r\nTable S2, I make the total number of reads to be 61,691 not 61719.\r\nPage5, \"Based on this criterion, viruses represented approximately 3% of the predicted proteins contained within the GOS microbial dataset\". I could not see where this figure of 3% came from.\r\nPage 5, \"viral genes often resemble those of their hosts\". I think this is a highly misleading statement.\r\n\r\n----------\r\nN.B. These are the comments made by the referee when reviewing an earlier version of this paper. Prior to publication the manuscript has been revised in light of these comments and to address other editorial requirements.", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-01-25T13:26:50Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-01-25T13:26:50Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-01-25T13:26:50Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/14bc52f6-f70e-421c-9a89-47e92c81f215", "title"=>"CAMERA link", "body"=>"Please use this updated URL to access the CAMERA site: \n\nhttp://web.camera.calit2.net/cameraweb/detailPage.htm?acc=CAM_PUB_Williamson08a", "highlightedText"=>"''(CAMERA) website''\nhttp://plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456#article1.body1.sec4.sec9.p1", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-02-09T00:16:18Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-02-09T00:16:18Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-02-09T00:16:18Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/23eeae72-44b2-47d6-8dbd-d4b122a8a87b", "title"=>"CAMERA link", "body"=>"Please use this updated URL to access the CAMERA site:\n\nhttp://web.camera.calit2.net/cameraweb/detailPage.htm?acc=CAM_PUB_Williamson08a", "highlightedText"=>"''(CAMERA) website''\nhttp://plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456#article1.body1.sec4.sec9.p1", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-02-09T00:21:40Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-02-09T00:21:40Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-02-09T00:21:40Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/ca4f6586-e0bc-404d-a0a5-ed8bf4aa41c4", "title"=>"Trace Archive link", "body"=>"Please use this updated URL to access the Trace Archive: \n\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Traces/trace.cgi", "highlightedText"=>"''Trace Archive''\nhttp://plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456#article1.body1.sec4.sec9.p1", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-02-09T00:29:41Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-02-09T00:29:41Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-02-09T00:29:41Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/d2689509-0f73-4538-ab2a-4408609fc40f", "title"=>"Journal Club: understanding the role of temperature in viral distributions", "body"=>"By measuring a few environmental parameters such as water temperature, salinity, depth, and TSI (“cloudiness”), the authors were able to demonstrate that the presence (or relative abundance?) of host-derived viral gene families was significantly correlated with temperature, whereas the distribution of the tailed phage-associated and P-SSM4-like sequences was not significantly correlated with any measured abiotic parameters (Table S7). What is the biological unpinning of this difference?", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-02-18T08:03:20Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-02-18T08:03:20Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"148155"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>1, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-02-26T18:02:27Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>18689, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/9174bab6-0fbc-46ff-97db-bac8959198c8", "title"=>"RE: Journal Club: understanding the role of temperature in viral distributions", "body"=>"It was interesting that there was no direct correlation seen between water temperature and tailed phages or P-SSM4-like viruses. Especially since there were positive relationships between myovirus sequences and 6/8 gene families and PSSM4-like sequences and 4/8 gene families (which were correlated with water temp). The most plausible explanation is that the viruses carrying analogs of the host metabolic genes that we discuss in the paper are probably cyanophages. This doesn't help to explain why there wasn't a correlation between the PSSM4-like viral sequences (presumably a cyanophage) and water temperature. These sequences, and those attributed to Prochlorococcus, were most abundant in tropical waters, so the lack of an obvious relationship is puzzling; variation in the data may be partially responsible for this.", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-02-26T18:02:27Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-02-26T18:02:27Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"173011"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-02-26T18:02:27Z", "replies"=>[]}]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/bd220e34-e25c-461f-9384-d4eb44225ab2", "title"=>"How important is time in viral biogeography studies?", "body"=>"How does the time span over which the data were collected influence conclusions about the geographical extent of the observed viral sequences? Is it possible that some gene families appeared to be ubiquitous because they were sampled at different times of the year, but at any given snapshot in time (or season) those gene families were actually endemic to particular regions? Did the authors perform any analyses to control for time when considering viral geographic patterns?", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-02-18T08:36:44Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-02-18T08:36:44Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"148155"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>1, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-02-26T18:00:18Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>16859, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/39ceacda-aff7-4038-aab4-38a47a173692", "title"=>"RE: How important is time in viral biogeography studies?", "body"=>"I'm sure temporal factors influence viral community composition, and therefore the viral genes observed, at the sites that were sampled as part of GOS. I agree that very different patterns may have emerged if we conducted a time series experiment. One of the goals of the project was to perform an inital global survey of microbial diversity; therefore in-depth examination of sites over a specified time-scale were not included as part of this particular study. We have had the opportunity to re-sample certain locations since the completion of the expedition and look forward to comparing the data from these to the original samples.", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-02-26T18:00:18Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-02-26T18:00:18Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"173011"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-02-26T18:00:18Z", "replies"=>[]}]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/4e7543d6-b574-4b70-b272-cd6159ec0783", "title"=>"Journal club: How similar are viral communities, really?", "body"=>"It has long been assumed that microbial populations are ubiquitous, but it is now understood that this idea is misleading, partly as a consequence of sampling only the most abundant 'species' or taxa in the communities.\r\n\r\nYou write “viral community composition is a function of geographic location”, but “different environments support similar viral communities”. Are the viral communities across sites actually dissimilar in your data set, as suggested by the first assertion, or similar, as suggested by the second assertion? Did you measure values of community similarity between sites (based on presence/absence and abundance using something like the Sorensen index or Chao's estimators)? One would expect in communities as diverse as viruses, for communities to show low similarity values. It is surprising that viral communities appear similar in this study: can you explain this? \r\n\r\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-02-19T17:54:29Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-02-19T17:54:29Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"144615"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>1, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-02-26T17:57:10Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>7051, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/42c7e356-e641-4f84-9ce7-996ad36f092d", "title"=>"RE: Journal club: How similar are viral communities, really?", "body"=>"The two statements that you point to regard observations made by Angly and coworkers (2006). They were not intended to be taken independent of one-another. Rather, the authors found that there is an underlying \"sameness\" to the composition of viral assemblages across very different marine environments and that the main difference between oceanic regions was what viral \"species\" appeared to dominant. The similarities that we observed in our study was primarity at the viral family level (e.g. ubiquitous distribution of Myoviridae sequences). There is undoubtably a large degree of genotypic diversity within all of the viral families observed. Establishing diversity estimates based on the assembly or pair-wise overlap of shotgun reads was difficult in this study due to the mixed nature of the dataset (i.e. primarily prokaryote and viral sequences).", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-02-26T17:57:10Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-02-26T17:57:10Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"173011"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-02-26T17:57:10Z", "replies"=>[]}]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/c182988e-c633-4f66-8a1c-4fab48f8379f", "title"=>"NCBI link", "body"=>"Please use this updated URL to access this data: \n\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=genomeprj&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Overview&list_uids=13694", "highlightedText"=>"''NCBI''\nhttp://plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456#article1.body1.sec4.sec9.p1", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-02-20T02:08:15Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-02-20T02:08:15Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-02-20T02:08:15Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/9e81a356-9a99-4d17-b29e-d8f72b202180", "title"=>"Journal Club (from Dick Castenholz) on the (lack of) archaeal sequences", "body"=>"Do the authors have any insight into why there was no detection of archaeal viral sequences? Archaeal hosts should have occurred everywhere in the open sea. Given the length of the transect I would have expected to see some.", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-02-20T06:43:05Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-02-20T06:43:05Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"148155"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>1, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-02-26T17:53:48Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>14323, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/763b093e-f70c-44df-8993-83daec0f712c", "title"=>"RE: Journal Club (from Dick Castenholz) on the (lack of) archaeal sequences", "body"=>"I agree that archaeal viruses are likely to be important components of marine virioplankton. Along these lines, Winter and co-workers (Microbial Ecology '08) recently observed a negative relationship between archaeal richness and the frequency of infected cells in the Eastern Tropical Atlantic. However, the lack of marine archaeal viral sequence information within public databases made it difficult for us to identify potential archaeal viruses in GOS samples based on sequence homology. We did observed some similarity to viruses infective for Sulfolobus (hot-spring bug), but this was not significant.", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-02-26T17:53:48Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-02-26T17:53:48Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"173011"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-02-26T17:53:48Z", "replies"=>[]}]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/01021c6b-ea04-4a21-9a4b-e7c3770cce7a", "title"=>"Microorganisms", "body"=>"Microorganisms constitute two third of the Earth's biological diversity. As many as 99% of the microorganisms present in certain environments cannot be cultured by standard techniques. Culture-independent methods are required to understand the genetic diversity, population structure and ecological roles of the majority of organisms. Metagenomics is the genomic analysis of microorganisms by direct extraction and cloning of DNA from their natural environment. Protocols have been developed to capture unexplored microbial diversity to overcome the existing barriers in estimation of diversity. New screening <a href=\"http://www.rushessay.com/custom_essay.php\">essays</a> methods have been designed to select specific functional genes within metagenomic libraries to detect novel biocatalysts as well as bioactive molecules applicable to mankind. To study the complete gene or operon clusters, various vectors including cosmid, fosmid or bacterial artificial chromosomes are being developed. Bioinformatics tools and databases have added much to the study of microbial diversity. This review describes the various methodologies and tools developed to understand the biology of uncultured microbes including bacteria, archaea and viruses through metagenomic analysis.", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2010-02-24T16:48:20Z", "lastModified"=>"2010-02-24T16:48:20Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"101375"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001456", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2010-02-24T16:48:20Z", "replies"=>[]}
Wikipedia | Further Information
- {"title"=>"Global Ocean Sampling Expedition", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Ocean_Sampling_Expedition", "timestamp"=>"2018-11-13T16:37:04Z"}
- {"title"=>"グローバル・オーシャン・サンプリング・エクスペディション", "url"=>"http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/グローバル・オーシャン・サンプリング・エクスペディション", "timestamp"=>"2018-09-11T06:56:51Z"}
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- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"86"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"25", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"65"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"53"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"56"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"18", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"54"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"67"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"51"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"20", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"40"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"21"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"30"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"58"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"23", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"45"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"81"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"33"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"32"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"18", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"34"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"17", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"29"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"20", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"35"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"31"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"21"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"5", "html_views"=>"6"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"28"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"31"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"14"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"11"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"13", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"23"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"14"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"26", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"48"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"10"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"51"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"17", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"13"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"4", "html_views"=>"21"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"16"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"18"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"35"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"17", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"44"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"17"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"17", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"31"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"19", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"14"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"43", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"15"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"44", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"23"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"54", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"26"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"26"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"22", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"13"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"18"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"22"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"19", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"30"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"28", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"37"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"21", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"21"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2021", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"8"}
PMC Usage Stats | Further Information
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"57", "unique-ip"=>"47", "pdf"=>"21", "year"=>"2010", "figure"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"3"}
- {"month"=>"2", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"2", "abstract"=>"2", "full-text"=>"39", "year"=>"2010", "pdf"=>"15", "unique-ip"=>"35", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"13"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"65", "unique-ip"=>"58", "pdf"=>"26", "year"=>"2010", "figure"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"4"}
- {"month"=>"4", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"3", "full-text"=>"53", "year"=>"2010", "pdf"=>"29", "unique-ip"=>"48", "figure"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"8"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"5", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"2", "full-text"=>"39", "unique-ip"=>"39", "pdf"=>"18", "year"=>"2010", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"2"}
- {"month"=>"6", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"34", "year"=>"2010", "pdf"=>"15", "unique-ip"=>"34", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"14"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"7", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"28", "unique-ip"=>"28", "pdf"=>"16", "year"=>"2010", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"9"}
- {"month"=>"8", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"2", "full-text"=>"45", "year"=>"2010", "pdf"=>"27", "unique-ip"=>"39", "figure"=>"10", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"1"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"9", "cited-by"=>"2", "abstract"=>"4", "full-text"=>"37", "unique-ip"=>"33", "pdf"=>"15", "year"=>"2010", "figure"=>"4", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"10", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"3", "full-text"=>"18", "year"=>"2010", "pdf"=>"10", "unique-ip"=>"23", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"6"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"11", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"29", "unique-ip"=>"23", "pdf"=>"21", "year"=>"2010", "figure"=>"5", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"9"}
- {"month"=>"12", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"15", "year"=>"2010", "pdf"=>"7", "unique-ip"=>"15", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"4"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"8", "unique-ip"=>"10", "pdf"=>"4", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"2", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"8", "year"=>"2011", "pdf"=>"2", "unique-ip"=>"10", "figure"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"17", "unique-ip"=>"18", "pdf"=>"13", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"1"}
- {"month"=>"4", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"15", "year"=>"2011", "pdf"=>"16", "unique-ip"=>"19", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"5", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"3", "full-text"=>"15", "unique-ip"=>"24", "pdf"=>"9", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"4", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"1"}
- {"month"=>"6", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"4", "full-text"=>"14", "year"=>"2011", "pdf"=>"11", "unique-ip"=>"22", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"9"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"7", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"19", "unique-ip"=>"14", "pdf"=>"8", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"5", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"3"}
- {"month"=>"8", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"12", "year"=>"2011", "pdf"=>"7", "unique-ip"=>"12", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"9", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"14", "unique-ip"=>"13", "pdf"=>"7", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"4"}
- {"month"=>"10", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"18", "year"=>"2011", "pdf"=>"11", "unique-ip"=>"23", "figure"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"1"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"11", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"19", "unique-ip"=>"20", "pdf"=>"11", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"4", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"12", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"18", "year"=>"2011", "pdf"=>"7", "unique-ip"=>"15", "figure"=>"4", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"7", "unique-ip"=>"10", "pdf"=>"6", "year"=>"2012", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"2", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"11", "year"=>"2012", "pdf"=>"6", "unique-ip"=>"12", "figure"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"1"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"23", "unique-ip"=>"23", "pdf"=>"5", "year"=>"2012", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"13"}
- {"month"=>"4", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"14", "year"=>"2012", "pdf"=>"4", "unique-ip"=>"13", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"5", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"9", "unique-ip"=>"11", "pdf"=>"6", "year"=>"2012", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"1", "scanned-page-browse"=>"39", "cited-by"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"2", "year"=>"2008", "pdf"=>"8", "unique-ip"=>"11", "figure"=>"117", "scanned-summary"=>"57", "supp-data"=>"52"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"106", "month"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"2", "unique-ip"=>"12", "pdf"=>"6", "year"=>"2008", "figure"=>"265", "scanned-summary"=>"139", "supp-data"=>"122"}
- {"month"=>"3", "scanned-page-browse"=>"45", "cited-by"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"2", "year"=>"2008", "pdf"=>"80", "unique-ip"=>"17", "figure"=>"231", "scanned-summary"=>"87", "supp-data"=>"78"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"58", "month"=>"4", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"3", "unique-ip"=>"10", "pdf"=>"30", "year"=>"2008", "figure"=>"196", "scanned-summary"=>"95", "supp-data"=>"88"}
- {"month"=>"5", "scanned-page-browse"=>"46", "cited-by"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"0", "year"=>"2008", "pdf"=>"10", "unique-ip"=>"20", "figure"=>"153", "scanned-summary"=>"77", "supp-data"=>"59"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"6", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"49", "unique-ip"=>"45", "pdf"=>"28", "year"=>"2008", "figure"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"2"}
- {"month"=>"7", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"46", "year"=>"2008", "pdf"=>"20", "unique-ip"=>"37", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"2"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"22", "month"=>"8", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"0", "unique-ip"=>"0", "pdf"=>"0", "year"=>"2008", "figure"=>"57", "scanned-summary"=>"35", "supp-data"=>"35"}
- {"month"=>"9", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "abstract"=>"4", "full-text"=>"47", "year"=>"2008", "pdf"=>"36", "unique-ip"=>"46", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"20"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"10", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"50", "unique-ip"=>"46", "pdf"=>"32", "year"=>"2008", "figure"=>"4", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"1"}
- {"month"=>"11", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "abstract"=>"3", "full-text"=>"50", "year"=>"2008", "pdf"=>"25", "unique-ip"=>"47", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"2"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"12", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"38", "unique-ip"=>"37", "pdf"=>"27", "year"=>"2008", "figure"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"11"}
- {"month"=>"1", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"35", "year"=>"2009", "pdf"=>"17", "unique-ip"=>"32", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"5"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"5", "full-text"=>"44", "unique-ip"=>"45", "pdf"=>"29", "year"=>"2009", "figure"=>"4", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"1"}
- {"month"=>"3", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "abstract"=>"2", "full-text"=>"63", "year"=>"2009", "pdf"=>"30", "unique-ip"=>"53", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"9"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"4", "cited-by"=>"1", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"38", "unique-ip"=>"40", "pdf"=>"16", "year"=>"2009", "figure"=>"6", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"5"}
- {"month"=>"5", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"37", "year"=>"2009", "pdf"=>"18", "unique-ip"=>"34", "figure"=>"5", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"19"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"6", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"29", "unique-ip"=>"25", "pdf"=>"17", "year"=>"2009", "figure"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"16"}
- {"month"=>"7", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"3", "full-text"=>"42", "year"=>"2009", "pdf"=>"22", "unique-ip"=>"32", "figure"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"8", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"30", "unique-ip"=>"31", "pdf"=>"23", "year"=>"2009", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"4"}
- {"month"=>"9", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"47", "year"=>"2009", "pdf"=>"27", "unique-ip"=>"42", "figure"=>"10", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"4"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"10", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"2", "full-text"=>"18", "unique-ip"=>"17", "pdf"=>"8", "year"=>"2009", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"1"}
- {"month"=>"11", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"36", "year"=>"2009", "pdf"=>"20", "unique-ip"=>"34", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"12"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"12", "cited-by"=>"1", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"44", "unique-ip"=>"34", "pdf"=>"10", "year"=>"2009", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"3"}
- {"month"=>"6", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"9", "year"=>"2012", "pdf"=>"14", "unique-ip"=>"12", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"16", "full-text"=>"22", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"4", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"7"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"17", "full-text"=>"16", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"4", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"8"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"18", "full-text"=>"24", "pdf"=>"6", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"8", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"9"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"29", "full-text"=>"28", "pdf"=>"15", "abstract"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"7", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"10"}
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