3D Hepatic Cultures Simultaneously Maintain Primary Hepatocyte and Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Phenotypes
- Publication Date
- November 12, 2010
- Journal
- PLOS ONE
- Authors
- Yeonhee Kim & Padmavathy Rajagopalan
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- e15456
- DOI
- https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015456
- Publisher URL
- http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0015456
- PubMed
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21103392
- PubMed Central
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2980491
- Europe PMC
- http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/21103392
- Web of Science
- 000284147700029
- Scopus
- 78649746439
- Mendeley
- http://www.mendeley.com/research/3d-hepatic-cultures-simultaneously-maintain-primary-hepatocyte-liver-sinusoidal-endothelial-cell-phe
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CiteULike | Further Information
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Mendeley | Further Information
{"title"=>"3D hepatic cultures simultaneously maintain primary hepatocyte and liver sinusoidal endothelial cell phenotypes", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Yeonhee", "last_name"=>"Kim", "scopus_author_id"=>"55699466700"}, {"first_name"=>"Padmavathy", "last_name"=>"Rajagopalan", "scopus_author_id"=>"7102580100"}], "year"=>2010, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"pui"=>"360084579", "sgr"=>"78649746439", "issn"=>"19326203", "pmid"=>"21103392", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-78649746439", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0015456", "isbn"=>"1932-6203 (Electronic)\\r1932-6203 (Linking)"}, "id"=>"a9f687d2-17ba-3161-ab0f-ff7d6dd68853", "abstract"=>"Developing in vitro engineered hepatic tissues that exhibit stable phenotype is a major challenge in the field of hepatic tissue engineering. However, the rapid dedifferentiation of hepatic parenchymal (hepatocytes) and non-parenchymal (liver sinusoidal endothelial, LSEC) cell types when removed from their natural environment in vivo remains a major obstacle. The primary goal of this study was to demonstrate that hepatic cells cultured in layered architectures could preserve or potentially enhance liver-specific behavior of both cell types. Primary rat hepatocytes and rat LSECs (rLSECs) were cultured in a layered three-dimensional (3D) configuration. The cell layers were separated by a chitosan-hyaluronic acid polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM), which served to mimic the Space of Disse. Hepatocytes and rLSECs exhibited several key phenotypic characteristics over a twelve day culture period. Immunostaining for the sinusoidal endothelial 1 antibody (SE-1) demonstrated that rLSECs cultured in the 3D hepatic model maintained this unique feature over twelve days. In contrast, rLSECs cultured in monolayers lost their phenotype within three days. The unique stratified structure of the 3D culture resulted in enhanced heterotypic cell-cell interactions, which led to improvements in hepatocyte functions. Albumin production increased three to six fold in the rLSEC-PEM-Hepatocyte cultures. Only rLSEC-PEM-Hepatocyte cultures exhibited increasing CYP1A1/2 and CYP3A activity. Well-defined bile canaliculi were observed only in the rLSEC-PEM-Hepatocyte cultures. Together, these data suggest that rLSEC-PEM-Hepatocyte cultures are highly suitable models to monitor the transformation of toxins in the liver and their transport out of this organ. In summary, these results indicate that the layered rLSEC-PEM-hepatocyte model, which recapitulates key features of hepatic sinusoids, is a potentially powerful medium for obtaining comprehensive knowledge on liver metabolism, detoxification and signaling pathways in vitro.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/3d-hepatic-cultures-simultaneously-maintain-primary-hepatocyte-liver-sinusoidal-endothelial-cell-phe", "reader_count"=>136, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>3, "Librarian"=>1, "Researcher"=>26, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>11, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>48, "Student > Postgraduate"=>6, "Student > Master"=>19, "Other"=>8, "Student > Bachelor"=>9, "Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>3}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>3, "Librarian"=>1, "Researcher"=>26, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>11, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>48, "Student > Postgraduate"=>6, "Student > Master"=>19, "Other"=>8, "Student > Bachelor"=>9, "Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>3}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Engineering"=>26, "Unspecified"=>4, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>19, "Materials Science"=>2, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>59, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>18, "Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>4, "Chemistry"=>2, "Computer Science"=>1, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>26}, "Materials Science"=>{"Materials Science"=>2}, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>18}, "Chemistry"=>{"Chemistry"=>2}, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>{"Immunology and Microbiology"=>1}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>59}, "Computer Science"=>{"Computer Science"=>1}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>19}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>4}, "Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>{"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>4}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Iran"=>1, "United States"=>2, "United Kingdom"=>1, "France"=>1, "Germany"=>2, "India"=>1}, "group_count"=>5}CrossRef
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- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"23", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"98"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"101"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"22", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"80"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"31", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"51"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"20"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"35"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"14"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"17"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"24"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"21"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"26"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"19"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"18", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"32"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"25"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"20"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"13", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"26"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"19", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"17"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"26", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"31"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"30"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"25", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"19"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"18"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"16", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"22"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"22"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"24"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"18", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"34"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"13", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"11"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"24", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"21"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"16", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"17"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"5"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"28", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"20"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"55", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"17"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"24"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"22", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"20"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"17"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"18"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"17", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"20"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"16", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"16"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"20"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2021", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"4"}
PMC Usage Stats | Further Information
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"11", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"22", "unique-ip"=>"22", "pdf"=>"16", "year"=>"2010", "figure"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"12", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"6", "full-text"=>"112", "year"=>"2010", "pdf"=>"79", "unique-ip"=>"113", "figure"=>"50", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"99", "unique-ip"=>"94", "pdf"=>"64", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"36", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"2", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"71", "year"=>"2011", "pdf"=>"50", "unique-ip"=>"66", "figure"=>"7", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"4", "full-text"=>"67", "unique-ip"=>"64", "pdf"=>"49", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"6", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"4", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"41", "year"=>"2011", "pdf"=>"27", "unique-ip"=>"41", "figure"=>"12", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"5", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"2", "full-text"=>"45", "unique-ip"=>"41", "pdf"=>"38", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"11", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"6", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"35", "year"=>"2011", "pdf"=>"26", "unique-ip"=>"41", "figure"=>"7", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"7", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"31", "unique-ip"=>"29", "pdf"=>"22", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"8", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"39", "year"=>"2011", "pdf"=>"30", "unique-ip"=>"35", "figure"=>"8", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"9", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"2", "full-text"=>"32", "unique-ip"=>"33", "pdf"=>"25", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"4", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"10", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"28", "year"=>"2011", "pdf"=>"20", "unique-ip"=>"27", "figure"=>"9", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"11", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"29", "unique-ip"=>"30", "pdf"=>"15", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"15", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"12", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"20", "year"=>"2011", "pdf"=>"10", "unique-ip"=>"19", "figure"=>"8", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"30", "unique-ip"=>"27", "pdf"=>"20", "year"=>"2012", "figure"=>"7", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"2", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"33", "year"=>"2012", "pdf"=>"20", "unique-ip"=>"35", "figure"=>"13", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"25", "unique-ip"=>"29", "pdf"=>"22", "year"=>"2012", "figure"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"4", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"30", "year"=>"2012", "pdf"=>"17", "unique-ip"=>"27", "figure"=>"8", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"5", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"3", "full-text"=>"19", "unique-ip"=>"20", "pdf"=>"19", "year"=>"2012", "figure"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"6", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"13", "year"=>"2012", "pdf"=>"14", "unique-ip"=>"13", "figure"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"29", "full-text"=>"25", "pdf"=>"19", "abstract"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"11", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"7"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"14", "full-text"=>"13", "pdf"=>"9", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"5", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"8"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"18", "full-text"=>"18", "pdf"=>"13", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"9", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"9"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"15", "full-text"=>"14", "pdf"=>"11", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"10"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"14", "full-text"=>"12", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"6", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"12"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"20", "full-text"=>"21", "pdf"=>"9", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"1"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"20", "full-text"=>"19", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"3"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"23", "full-text"=>"25", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"8", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"2"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"20", "full-text"=>"19", "pdf"=>"8", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"5", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"4"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"16", "full-text"=>"14", "pdf"=>"9", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"11"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"21", "full-text"=>"20", "pdf"=>"10", "abstract"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"5"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"6"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"8", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"7"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"13", "full-text"=>"13", "pdf"=>"9", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"8"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"12", "full-text"=>"13", "pdf"=>"10", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"5", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"9"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"14", "full-text"=>"17", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"11", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"10"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"17", "full-text"=>"20", "pdf"=>"19", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"11"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"17", "full-text"=>"22", "pdf"=>"53", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"12"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"22", "full-text"=>"24", "pdf"=>"15", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"1"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"15", "full-text"=>"14", "pdf"=>"13", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"2"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"16", "full-text"=>"12", "pdf"=>"9", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"14", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"3"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"5"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"11", "full-text"=>"12", "pdf"=>"8", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"6"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"4"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"33", "full-text"=>"33", "pdf"=>"11", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"10", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"4"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"19", "full-text"=>"19", "pdf"=>"16", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"5"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"19", "full-text"=>"21", "pdf"=>"6", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"6"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"25", "full-text"=>"24", "pdf"=>"15", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"6", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"7"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"12", "full-text"=>"10", "pdf"=>"6", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"5", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"3"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"22", "full-text"=>"19", "pdf"=>"10", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"10", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"2"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"13", "full-text"=>"8", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"8"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"22", "full-text"=>"27", "pdf"=>"8", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"13", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"9"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"14", "full-text"=>"14", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"10"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"7"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"15", "full-text"=>"11", "pdf"=>"12", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"8"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"11", "full-text"=>"14", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"9"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"12", "full-text"=>"11", "pdf"=>"9", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"10"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"19", "full-text"=>"19", "pdf"=>"15", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"5", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"1"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"19", "full-text"=>"20", "pdf"=>"12", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"5", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"2"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"19", "full-text"=>"17", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"11"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"13", "full-text"=>"13", "pdf"=>"12", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"12"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"11", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"11", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"1"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"19", "full-text"=>"17", "pdf"=>"10", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"8", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"2", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"11"}
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Relative Metric
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