CiteULike | Further Information

• {"link"=>{"url"=>"http://www.citeulike.org/user/eeruowl/article/13888063"}, "post_time"=>"2015-12-21 02:34:09", "tag"=>"metabolism", "linkout"=>{"type"=>"DOI", "url"=>"http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746"}, "username"=>"eeruowl", "article_id"=>"13888063"}

Mendeley | Further Information

{"title"=>"High throughput microplate respiratory measurements using minimal quantities of isolated mitochondria", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"George W.", "last_name"=>"Rogers", "scopus_author_id"=>"7202950213"}, {"first_name"=>"Martin D.", "last_name"=>"Brand", "scopus_author_id"=>"24315458900"}, {"first_name"=>"Susanna", "last_name"=>"Petrosyan", "scopus_author_id"=>"48261374700"}, {"first_name"=>"Deepthi", "last_name"=>"Ashok", "scopus_author_id"=>"48261022300"}, {"first_name"=>"Alvaro A.", "last_name"=>"Elorza", "scopus_author_id"=>"14031429600"}, {"first_name"=>"David A.", "last_name"=>"Ferrick", "scopus_author_id"=>"7005918753"}, {"first_name"=>"Anne N.", "last_name"=>"Murphy", "scopus_author_id"=>"7401451695"}], "year"=>2011, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"scopus"=>"2-s2.0-79960712083", "sgr"=>"79960712083", "issn"=>"19326203", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0021746", "pmid"=>"21799747", "isbn"=>"1932-6203 (Electronic)\\r1932-6203 (Linking)", "pui"=>"362208619"}, "id"=>"78a407cd-1953-39ea-8109-10f60729f626", "abstract"=>"Recently developed technologies have enabled multi-well measurement of O(2) consumption, facilitating the rate of mitochondrial research, particularly regarding the mechanism of action of drugs and proteins that modulate metabolism. Among these technologies, the Seahorse XF24 Analyzer was designed for use with intact cells attached in a monolayer to a multi-well tissue culture plate. In order to have a high throughput assay system in which both energy demand and substrate availability can be tightly controlled, we have developed a protocol to expand the application of the XF24 Analyzer to include isolated mitochondria. Acquisition of optimal rates requires assay conditions that are unexpectedly distinct from those of conventional polarography. The optimized conditions, derived from experiments with isolated mouse liver mitochondria, allow multi-well assessment of rates of respiration and proton production by mitochondria attached to the bottom of the XF assay plate, and require extremely small quantities of material (1-10 µg of mitochondrial protein per well). Sequential measurement of basal, State 3, State 4, and uncoupler-stimulated respiration can be made in each well through additions of reagents from the injection ports. We describe optimization and validation of this technique using isolated mouse liver and rat heart mitochondria, and apply the approach to discover that inclusion of phosphatase inhibitors in the preparation of the heart mitochondria results in a specific decrease in rates of Complex I-dependent respiration. We believe this new technique will be particularly useful for drug screening and for generating previously unobtainable respiratory data on small mitochondrial samples.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/high-throughput-microplate-respiratory-measurements-using-minimal-quantities-isolated-mitochondria", "reader_count"=>202, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>8, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>14, "Researcher"=>41, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>7, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>73, "Student > Postgraduate"=>4, "Student > Master"=>23, "Other"=>9, "Student > Bachelor"=>14, "Lecturer"=>2, "Professor"=>7}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>8, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>14, "Researcher"=>41, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>7, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>73, "Student > Postgraduate"=>4, "Student > Master"=>23, "Other"=>9, "Student > Bachelor"=>14, "Lecturer"=>2, "Professor"=>7}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>11, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>111, "Chemistry"=>5, "Computer Science"=>2, "Engineering"=>5, "Environmental Science"=>3, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>30, "Materials Science"=>1, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>19, "Neuroscience"=>8, "Design"=>1, "Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>2, "Physics and Astronomy"=>1, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>2, "Linguistics"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Materials Science"=>{"Materials Science"=>1}, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>19}, "Physics and Astronomy"=>{"Physics and Astronomy"=>1}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>11}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>3}, "Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>{"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>2}, "Design"=>{"Design"=>1}, "Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>5}, "Chemistry"=>{"Chemistry"=>5}, "Neuroscience"=>{"Neuroscience"=>8}, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>{"Immunology and Microbiology"=>2}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>111}, "Computer Science"=>{"Computer Science"=>2}, "Linguistics"=>{"Linguistics"=>1}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>30}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Canada"=>2, "Czech Republic"=>1, "Austria"=>1, "United States"=>9, "Japan"=>2, "Brazil"=>1, "United Kingdom"=>3, "Germany"=>1, "Spain"=>1}, "group_count"=>9}

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{"@_fa"=>"true", "link"=>[{"@_fa"=>"true", "@ref"=>"self", "@href"=>"https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/79960712083"}, {"@_fa"=>"true", "@ref"=>"author-affiliation", "@href"=>"https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/79960712083?field=author,affiliation"}, {"@_fa"=>"true", "@ref"=>"scopus", "@href"=>"https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=79960712083&origin=inward"}, {"@_fa"=>"true", "@ref"=>"scopus-citedby", "@href"=>"https://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=79960712083&origin=inward"}], "prism:url"=>"https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/79960712083", "dc:identifier"=>"SCOPUS_ID:79960712083", "eid"=>"2-s2.0-79960712083", "dc:title"=>"High throughput microplate respiratory measurements using minimal quantities of isolated mitochondria", "dc:creator"=>"Rogers G.", "prism:publicationName"=>"PLoS ONE", "prism:eIssn"=>"19326203", "prism:volume"=>"6", "prism:issueIdentifier"=>"7", "prism:pageRange"=>nil, "prism:coverDate"=>"2011-07-29", "prism:coverDisplayDate"=>"2011", "prism:doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0021746", "citedby-count"=>"262", "affiliation"=>[{"@_fa"=>"true", "affilname"=>"Seahorse Bioscience", "affiliation-city"=>"North Billerica", "affiliation-country"=>"United States"}], "pubmed-id"=>"21799747", "prism:aggregationType"=>"Journal", "subtype"=>"ar", "subtypeDescription"=>"Article", "article-number"=>"e21746", "source-id"=>"10600153309", "openaccess"=>"1", "openaccessFlag"=>true, "freetoread"=>{"value"=>[{"$"=>"all"}, {"$"=>"publisherfullgold"}, {"$"=>"repository"}, {"$"=>"repositoryvor"}, {"$"=>"repositoryam"}]}, "freetoreadLabel"=>{"value"=>[{"$"=>"All Open Access"}, {"$"=>"Gold"}, {"$"=>"Green"}]}}

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• {"url"=>"http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.plos.org%2Fplosone%2Farticle%3Fid%3D10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0021746", "share_count"=>0, "like_count"=>0, "comment_count"=>0, "click_count"=>0, "total_count"=>0}

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• {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/28218ea4-5b0b-4a62-a1d2-82b68ea1f02f", "title"=>"A source of data variation in mitochondrial respiration measurements", "body"=>"We would like to point out a potential source of data variation with the protocol developed by Rogers et al, which is uneven distribution of mitochondria following centrifugation onto the assay plate. When centrifuging particles onto microplates, we repeatedly observed horizontally skewed distributions of particles over the plate and within wells according to the differences in effective centrifugal force (Fig. 1A; all the figures in this comment are found here http://www.plosone.org/attachments/pone.0021746.figures_final.pdf ).\r\n This was also seen when centrifuging mitochondria onto the XF24 plate using a Beckman Coulter Avanti^^®^^ J-E centrifuge (Fig. 1B). In the Seahorse XF24/XF24-3 Analyzer, sensors for oxygen and pH are placed horizontally off-centre, with the oxygen sensors moved towards the right. Therefore, if uneven distribution of mitochondria occurs, the oxygen sensors will read higher mitochondria concentrations on the right half of the plate (columns 4 – 6) and lower concentrations in columns 1-3. In our experience, this leads to up to ~1.7fold variation in OCR results over the plate (Fig.2), indicating that the oxygen concentration measured by the sensor is largely determined by the local amount of mitochondria directly beneath it. Accordingly, the pH sensor, which is located off-centre towards the left, records the opposite tendency (Figure2 B).\r\nWe have not been able to rectify this problem by using smaller volumes of mitochondrial suspension during the centrifugation step (down to 30µl) or by modifying centrifugation speed and time combinations (including the 2,000g for 20 minutes as used by Rogers et al.) . However, variation in OCR between wells in columns 4 -6 was usually below 10%. Using only these wells, we obtained data (Figure 3) well comparable to those by Rogers et al (compare Figure 5C). We propose that checking the homogeneity of distribution across all wells is essential for oxygen consumption analyses in the Seahorse XF24, especially if using isolated mitochondria. \r\nAcknowledgements\r\nWe thank Joanne Coulson (Seahorse Bioscience) for discussion and technical support.\r\n\r\nFigures\r\nhttp://www.plosone.org/attachments/pone.0021746.figures_final.pdf\r\n\r\nFigure legends\r\nFig. 1. Uneven distribution of particles following centrifugation in a microplate rotor. A) Yeast were centrifuged onto a 96 well plate using an IEC Centra-3C centrifuge at 2000rpm for 5 min with the plate in horizontal orientation. Particles are forced horizontally towards the outside of the plate in agreement with the relative centrifugal force that is proportionally to the effective radius. B) Mitochondria (5µg in 50µl suspension per well) were centrifuged onto an XF plate at 2000g for 20 minutes, using a Beckman Coulter Avanti^^®^^ J-E centrifuge equipped with a JS-5.3 rotor. Phase contrast images (20x objective) show different mitochondrial densities on the left and right side of well B1.\r\nFig. 2. OCR reads vary with column. Mouse liver mitochondria (10µg) were suspended in 50µl assay solution and centrifuged into each well (except the blank wells) at 2,500g for 10 minutes at 4°C using a Beckman Coulter Avanti^^®^^ J-E centrifuge equipped with a JS-5.3 rotor. The experiment was carried out with the following conditions: succinate (4mM) in the presence of rotenone (2µM) was used as substrate, ADP (2.5 µg/ml), oligomycin (4µM), FCCP (4µM) and antimycin A (4µM) were sequentially added. A) Raw OCR data per column. B) OCRs (top, calculated using maximum values for ADP and FCCP rates) and media alkalinisation during ADP-stimulated respiration (ECAR, bottom) per column. Data are means ± SD for 3 or 4 wells per column. \r\n\r\nFig.3. Respiration data from mouse liver mitochondria using only columns 4 -6 of the XF24 micro plates. Mitochondria were isolated from livers of 24 months old C57Bl6 mice. Data are mean ± SD from 5 separately measured animals. The data are comparable to the Figure 5C in Rogers et al. \r\n\r\nSatomi Miwa and Thomas von Zglinicki\r\nInstitute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, U.K.\r\n\r\n\r\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2011-09-09T16:32:52Z", "lastModified"=>"2011-09-09T16:32:52Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"86365"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>1, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2011-09-09T19:18:46Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>3581, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/06feccbb-e1c3-4c9d-baaa-c8b1e7a5e742", "title"=>"RE: A source of data variation in mitochondrial respiration measurements", "body"=>"You've clearly done an excellent job at characterizing the problem. I have observed similar issues when centrifuging intact cells onto a Cell-Tak coated plate, but have not had the issue with mitochondria. I wonder if the problem could be lessened by controlling the rate at which the centrifuge comes up to speed? We have ours set to slowly accelerate and decelerate.", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2011-09-09T19:18:46Z", "lastModified"=>"2011-09-09T19:18:46Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"3373"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2011-09-09T19:18:46Z", "replies"=>[]}]}

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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/753025"], "description"=>"<p>Mitochondria were treated with a cocktail of phosphatase inhibitors during the isolation procedure as described in the <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746#s2\" target=\"_blank\">Methods</a>. Respiratory States 3, 4_o and 3_u were measured in the presence (+PPI) or absence (-PPI) of phosphatase inhibitor treatment in the presence of either succinate/rotenone (3 µg/well) or glutamate/malate (6 µg/well) as oxidizable substrates, and rates are expressed per µg mitochondrial protein.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["phosphatase", "inhibitor", "mitochondrial"], "article_id"=>423392, "categories"=>["Biochemistry", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["George W. Rogers", "Martin D. Brand", "Susanna Petrosyan", "Deepthi Ashok", "Alvaro A. Elorza", "David A. Ferrick", "Anne N. Murphy"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746.g008", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>2, "page_views"=>23, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Effects_of_Phosphatase_Inhibitor_PPI_treatment_on_rat_heart_mitochondrial_respiration_/423392", "title"=>"Effects of Phosphatase Inhibitor (PPI) treatment on rat heart mitochondrial respiration.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 16:25:25"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/752517"], "description"=>"<p>2A–B, Determination of optimal µg amount of mitochondria/well. 1.25–40 µg/well of mouse liver mitochondria were attached to a V7 polystyrene XF24 plate and the coupling experiment was performed as described in <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746#s2\" target=\"_blank\">Methods</a> in the presence of succinate/rotenone. Blue vertical lines denote injections of indicated compounds. 2A shows OCR for 1.25–40 µg samples. 2B shows the absolute O₂ tension (in mm Hg) in the microchamber for 1.25–40 µg samples. Note that samples at 10 µg and above show unstable State 3 rates for OCR and depletion of O₂ in the microchamber in panels A and B, respectively. Lettering within data points indicates the group identification number.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["mitochondria", "xf"], "article_id"=>422883, "categories"=>["Biochemistry", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["George W. Rogers", "Martin D. Brand", "Susanna Petrosyan", "Deepthi Ashok", "Alvaro A. Elorza", "David A. Ferrick", "Anne N. Murphy"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>4, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Optimization_of_isolated_mitochondria_XF_assays_/422883", "title"=>"Optimization of isolated mitochondria XF assays.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 16:22:41"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/752429"], "description"=>"<p>Mitochondria are diluted into 1X MAS containing the substrate of choice. Initial conditions refer to any additives or compounds present at 1X at the start of the assay in addition to the substrate (e.g. drug candidate, etc.).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["flowchart", "mitochondria", "assay", "seahorse", "xf24"], "article_id"=>422788, "categories"=>["Biochemistry", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["George W. Rogers", "Martin D. Brand", "Susanna Petrosyan", "Deepthi Ashok", "Alvaro A. Elorza", "David A. Ferrick", "Anne N. Murphy"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>5, "page_views"=>252, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Schematic_flowchart_for_the_isolated_mitochondria_assay_using_the_Seahorse_XF24_Analyzer_/422788", "title"=>"Schematic flowchart for the isolated mitochondria assay using the Seahorse XF24 Analyzer.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 16:22:05"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/752675"], "description"=>"<p>A, The coupling experiment was performed using 5 µg mouse liver mitochondria per well as described in <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746#s2\" target=\"_blank\">Methods</a>, however, State 3 respiration was allowed to proceed for multiple measurement periods (average OCR per measurement period shown). Note that State 3 respiration does not diminish over multiple mixing and measuring periods, indicating that the mitochondria remain attached to the well for the duration of the assay. B, State 4_o rates using different plate coatings in the presence and absence of 0.2% BSA. No significant differences in State 4_o rates were observed among different plate coatings [none, polyethyleneimine (PEI), and Cell-Tak®]. Note that the absence of BSA resulted in elevated rates of State 4_o respiration, indicative of respiratory uncoupling. C–D, Isolated mitochondria adhered to the XF24 plate as imaged by phase contrast microscopy at 20X magnification before (4C) and after the XF assay (4D).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["mitochondria", "attached", "duration"], "article_id"=>423047, "categories"=>["Biochemistry", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["George W. Rogers", "Martin D. Brand", "Susanna Petrosyan", "Deepthi Ashok", "Alvaro A. Elorza", "David A. Ferrick", "Anne N. Murphy"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746.g004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>10, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Isolated_mitochondria_remain_attached_to_the_plate_for_the_duration_of_the_experiment_/423047", "title"=>"Isolated mitochondria remain attached to the plate for the duration of the experiment.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 16:23:29"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/752785"], "description"=>"<p>Mitochondria isolated from rat heart and mouse liver were used in parallel coupling experiments using either a Hansatech or Rank Clark type electrode or the XF24. Assays were performed as described in <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746#s2\" target=\"_blank\">Methods</a> for each platform, respectively. Comparison of Basal, State 3, State 4o and State 3u rates between the Hansatech and XF with rat heart using or glutamate/malate as substrate (5A) or succinate/rotenone (5B), respectively. Comparison of Basal, State 3, State 4_o and State 3_u rates between the Rank and XF with mouse liver mitochondria using succinate/rotenone (5C). Data are expressed as mean ± SD from 3 separate experiments in <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746#pone-0021746-g005\" target=\"_blank\">Fig 5A and B</a>, and mean ± SD from 4 experiments in 5C. The high SD in 5C owes to higher rates obtained with one of the four mouse liver preps, rather than variation between methodologies on a given day. Data were analyzed using a two-factor ANOVA with repeated measures on one factor. An interaction was detected only in the data of <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746#pone-0021746-g005\" target=\"_blank\">Fig. 5A</a>, and post-hoc paired comparisons detected lower rates in the XF24 of State 3 and 3_u, and a higher rate of State 4_o respiration with rat heart mitochondria oxidizing glutamate and malate (p<0.05).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["clark", "electrode", "xf", "shows", "respiration"], "article_id"=>423148, "categories"=>["Biochemistry", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["George W. Rogers", "Martin D. Brand", "Susanna Petrosyan", "Deepthi Ashok", "Alvaro A. Elorza", "David A. Ferrick", "Anne N. Murphy"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746.g005", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>21, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Comparison_of_Clark_electrode_and_XF_technology_shows_comparable_respiration_data_between_the_methods_/423148", "title"=>"Comparison of Clark electrode and XF technology shows comparable respiration data between the methods.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 16:24:02"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/752591"], "description"=>"<p>3A, Titration of ADP using 5 µg mouse liver mitochondria/well. ADP (0–4 mM) was injected via port A to initiate State 3 respiration and the measurement time was extended to 6 minutes. Note that 2–4 mM ADP is sufficient to maintain a relatively stable State 3 respiration rate for the duration of the measurement period, while lower concentrations show exhaustion of ADP and transition to State 4 respiration. 3B, Alkalinization of the media during phosphorylating respiration (note that unlike the OCR tracings, this data reports absolute pH rather than a rate of change in pH).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["mitochondrial"], "article_id"=>422962, "categories"=>["Biochemistry", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["George W. Rogers", "Martin D. Brand", "Susanna Petrosyan", "Deepthi Ashok", "Alvaro A. Elorza", "David A. Ferrick", "Anne N. Murphy"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746.g003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>4, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Characterization_of_mitochondrial_activity_/422962", "title"=>"Characterization of mitochondrial activity.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 16:23:05"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/752948"], "description"=>"<p>In 7A, intra-assay reproducibility is demonstrated. Assays used 3–5 replicate wells and well-to-well variation within electron flow and coupling assays shows coefficients of variation (CV) <17% in all measurements (except where OCR has been reduced to minimal levels with rotenone or antimycin-A). In 7B, inter-assay reproducibility is demonstrated. Four separate uncoupling experiments from four different preparations of mouse liver mitochondria were averaged to illustrate reproducibility of the assay over multiple days/preparations and shows CVs <20%. The corresponding table indicates the means, standard deviations and% CV, average RCR values are given in the text.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["pharmacology", "Biochemistry"], "article_id"=>423316, "categories"=>["Biochemistry", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["George W. Rogers", "Martin D. Brand", "Susanna Petrosyan", "Deepthi Ashok", "Alvaro A. Elorza", "David A. Ferrick", "Anne N. Murphy"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746.g007", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>6, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Assay_Reproducibility_/423316", "title"=>"Assay Reproducibility.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 16:25:01"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/752861"], "description"=>"<p>Coupling (A, C) and electron flow experiments (B, D) were performed as described in <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746#s2\" target=\"_blank\">Methods</a>. Initial conditions are as follows (with final concentrations listed): A–B, Controls (no additives) or 20 mM sodium azide or 4 µM antimycin-A; C–D, Controls (no additives) or 10 mM malonate or 2.5 µg/ml oligomycin or 2 µM rotenone. See text for further explanation of results.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["coupling", "electron", "assays", "tandem", "elucidate", "mechanistic"], "article_id"=>423225, "categories"=>["Biochemistry", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["George W. Rogers", "Martin D. Brand", "Susanna Petrosyan", "Deepthi Ashok", "Alvaro A. Elorza", "David A. Ferrick", "Anne N. Murphy"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746.g006", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>2, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Using_the_Coupling_and_Electron_Flow_assays_in_tandem_to_elucidate_mechanistic_activity_of_test_agents_/423225", "title"=>"Using the Coupling and Electron Flow assays in tandem to elucidate mechanistic activity of test agents.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 16:24:31"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/753083"], "description"=>"<p>*Measure times for State 3 respiration may be extended beyond 3 min to observe the transition from State 3 to State 4 due to exhaustion of ADP in the microchamber.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["pharmacology", "Biochemistry"], "article_id"=>423451, "categories"=>["Biochemistry", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["George W. Rogers", "Martin D. Brand", "Susanna Petrosyan", "Deepthi Ashok", "Alvaro A. Elorza", "David A. Ferrick", "Anne N. Murphy"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021746.t001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>3, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Mix_and_Measure_Cycle_Times_/423451", "title"=>"Mix and Measure Cycle Times.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 16:25:45"}

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F1000Prime