CiteULike | Further Information

• {"link"=>{"url"=>"http://www.citeulike.org/user/ldonahue/article/9608083"}, "post_time"=>"2014-10-20 06:59:19", "tag"=>"review", "linkout"=>[{"type"=>"DOI", "url"=>"http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588"}, {"type"=>"Pubmed Central", "url"=>"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3148232/"}, {"type"=>"Pubmed", "url"=>"http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21829635"}, {"type"=>"Hubmed", "url"=>"http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=21829635"}], "username"=>"ldonahue", "article_id"=>"9608083"}
• {"link"=>{"url"=>"http://www.citeulike.org/user/SeascapesCI/article/9608083"}, "post_time"=>"2011-08-04 17:16:35", "tag"=>["anthropogenic-activities", "challenges", "deep-sea-ecosytem", "impacts"], "linkout"=>[{"type"=>"DOI", "url"=>"http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588"}, {"type"=>"Pubmed Central", "url"=>"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3148232/"}, {"type"=>"Pubmed", "url"=>"http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21829635"}, {"type"=>"Hubmed", "url"=>"http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=21829635"}], "username"=>"SeascapesCI", "article_id"=>"9608083"}

Mendeley | Further Information

{"title"=>"Man and the last great wilderness: Human impact on the deep sea", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Eva", "last_name"=>"Ramirez-Llodra", "scopus_author_id"=>"6506434915"}, {"first_name"=>"Paul A.", "last_name"=>"Tyler", "scopus_author_id"=>"7102921991"}, {"first_name"=>"Maria C.", "last_name"=>"Baker", "scopus_author_id"=>"7403075121"}, {"first_name"=>"Odd Aksel", "last_name"=>"Bergstad", "scopus_author_id"=>"6603868616"}, {"first_name"=>"Malcolm R.", "last_name"=>"Clark", "scopus_author_id"=>"7404528797"}, {"first_name"=>"Elva", "last_name"=>"Escobar", "scopus_author_id"=>"7005846680"}, {"first_name"=>"Lisa A.", "last_name"=>"Levin", "scopus_author_id"=>"7202247083"}, {"first_name"=>"Lenaick", "last_name"=>"Menot", "scopus_author_id"=>"8646716300"}, {"first_name"=>"Ashley A.", "last_name"=>"Rowden", "scopus_author_id"=>"7004209869"}, {"first_name"=>"Craig R.", "last_name"=>"Smith", "scopus_author_id"=>"7501648696"}, {"first_name"=>"Cindy L.", "last_name"=>"van Dover", "scopus_author_id"=>"7005034079"}], "year"=>2011, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"pmid"=>"21829635", "issn"=>"19326203", "sgr"=>"79960961537", "pui"=>"362247194", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-79960961537", "isbn"=>"1932-6203 (Electronic)\\r1932-6203 (Linking)", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0022588"}, "id"=>"ce120390-f905-3016-8a3a-614e05e6fed5", "abstract"=>"The deep sea, the largest ecosystem on Earth and one of the least studied, harbours high biodiversity and provides a wealth of resources. Although humans have used the oceans for millennia, technological developments now allow exploitation of fisheries resources, hydrocarbons and minerals below 2000 m depth. The remoteness of the deep seafloor has promoted the disposal of residues and litter. Ocean acidification and climate change now bring a new dimension of global effects. Thus the challenges facing the deep sea are large and accelerating, providing a new imperative for the science community, industry and national and international organizations to work together to develop successful exploitation management and conservation of the deep-sea ecosystem. This paper provides scientific expert judgement and a semi-quantitative analysis of past, present and future impacts of human-related activities on global deep-sea habitats within three categories: disposal, exploitation and climate change. The analysis is the result of a Census of Marine Life--SYNDEEP workshop (September 2008). A detailed review of known impacts and their effects is provided. The analysis shows how, in recent decades, the most significant anthropogenic activities that affect the deep sea have evolved from mainly disposal (past) to exploitation (present). We predict that from now and into the future, increases in atmospheric CO(2) and facets and consequences of climate change will have the most impact on deep-sea habitats and their fauna. Synergies between different anthropogenic pressures and associated effects are discussed, indicating that most synergies are related to increased atmospheric CO(2) and climate change effects. We identify deep-sea ecosystems we believe are at higher risk from human impacts in the near future: benthic communities on sedimentary upper slopes, cold-water corals, canyon benthic communities and seamount pelagic and benthic communities. We finalise this review with a short discussion on protection and management methods.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/man-last-great-wilderness-human-impact-deep-sea", "reader_count"=>596, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>13, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>20, "Librarian"=>4, "Researcher"=>128, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>22, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>102, "Student > Postgraduate"=>30, "Student > Master"=>123, "Other"=>40, "Student > Bachelor"=>86, "Lecturer"=>9, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>2, "Professor"=>16}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>13, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>20, "Librarian"=>4, "Researcher"=>128, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>22, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>102, "Student > Postgraduate"=>30, "Student > Master"=>123, "Other"=>40, "Student > Bachelor"=>86, "Lecturer"=>9, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>2, "Professor"=>16}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>29, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>283, "Arts and Humanities"=>2, "Philosophy"=>1, "Business, Management and Accounting"=>2, "Chemistry"=>5, "Computer Science"=>5, "Decision Sciences"=>1, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>61, "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>10, "Engineering"=>3, "Environmental Science"=>161, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>4, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>1, "Materials Science"=>1, "Mathematics"=>1, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>2, "Neuroscience"=>1, "Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>1, "Psychology"=>1, "Social Sciences"=>13, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>2, "Sports and Recreations"=>5}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Materials Science"=>{"Materials Science"=>1}, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>2}, "Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>13}, "Decision Sciences"=>{"Decision Sciences"=>1}, "Psychology"=>{"Psychology"=>1}, "Sports and Recreations"=>{"Sports and Recreations"=>5}, "Mathematics"=>{"Mathematics"=>1}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>29}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>161}, "Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>{"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>1}, "Arts and Humanities"=>{"Arts and Humanities"=>2}, "Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>3}, "Chemistry"=>{"Chemistry"=>5}, "Neuroscience"=>{"Neuroscience"=>1}, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>{"Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>61}, "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>{"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>10}, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>{"Immunology and Microbiology"=>2}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>283}, "Computer Science"=>{"Computer Science"=>5}, "Business, Management and Accounting"=>{"Business, Management and Accounting"=>2}, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>{"Nursing and Health Professions"=>1}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>4}, "Philosophy"=>{"Philosophy"=>1}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"United States"=>13, "Philippines"=>1, "United Kingdom"=>14, "Ghana"=>1, "Kenya"=>1, "Portugal"=>3, "Switzerland"=>1, "Spain"=>3, "Russia"=>1, "India"=>1, "Canada"=>1, "Sweden"=>1, "Belgium"=>1, "Norway"=>1, "Namibia"=>2, "Poland"=>2, "Brazil"=>5, "South Africa"=>3, "Italy"=>2, "Mexico"=>1, "Australia"=>2, "Chile"=>3, "France"=>3, "Germany"=>1}, "group_count"=>31}

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• {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/36528378-1bb9-4251-be86-25d91cebea61", "title"=>"Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"The following articles represent some of the media coverage that has occurred for this paper:\n\nPublication: Guardian Blog \nTitle: “Scientists call for protected areas to conserve deep sea environment | Science | guardian.co.uk”\nhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/science/blog/2011/aug/03/protected-areas-deep-sea-environment\n\nPublication: Welt Online \nTitle: “Meeresforschung: Rohstoffsuche gefährdet Leben in der Tiefsee - Nachrichten Wissenschaft - WELT ONLINE”\nhttp://www.welt.de/wissenschaft/article13519817/Rohstoffsuche-gefaehrdet-Leben-in-der-Tiefsee.html \n\nPublication: Live Science \nTitle: “Most Vulnerable Deep-Sea Habitats Identified | World's Oceans & Marine Life | Human Impacts on Earth's Largest Ecosystem | LiveScience”\nhttp://www.livescience.com/15358-climate-change-biggest-impact-deep-sea.html\n\nPublication: Nature Blog \nTitle: “Nature News Blog: Scientists lag behind as human impacts on the deep sea increase”\nhttp://blogs.nature.com/news/2011/08/scientists_lag_behind_as_human_1.html\n\nIf you see any additional coverage of this paper in the press or blogosphere, please reply to this thread and add the link to the article. \n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2011-08-05T15:04:49Z", "lastModified"=>"2011-08-05T15:04:49Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"PLoS ONE Staff"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>2, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2012-12-07T21:59:24Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>4877, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/f7d34722-760e-4559-8b0b-e51623b574ba", "title"=>"RE: Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"Further media coverage of this article can be found below:\n\nPublication: Planet Earth \nTitle: “Scientists call for better management of the deep sea”\nhttp://planetearth.nerc.ac.uk/news/story.aspx?id=1047\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2011-08-26T11:12:10Z", "lastModified"=>"2011-08-26T11:12:10Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"PLoS ONE Staff"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>1, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2012-12-07T21:59:24Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>35611, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/bb9f48c3-027b-4ea9-a822-97af918b9b47", "title"=>"RE: RE: Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"The following article represents some of the media coverage that has occurred for this paper:\n\nPublication: Science Media Centre NZ \nTitle: “Experts list most vulnerable deep sea habitats”\nhttp://www.sciencemediacentre.co.nz/2011/08/02/experts-list-most-vulnerable-deep-sea-habitats/\n\nIf you see any additional coverage of this paper in the press or blogosphere, please reply to this thread and add the link to the article. \n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2012-12-07T21:59:24Z", "lastModified"=>"2012-12-07T21:59:24Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"PLOS ONE Staff"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2012-12-07T21:59:24Z", "replies"=>[]}]}]}

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• {"id"=>"448850596494606337", "text"=>"Freely accessible article about human impact on deep sea. Hadn't even thought about impact of pharmaceutical waste. http://t.co/p6yuwSYjQd", "created_at"=>"2014-03-26T15:54:56Z", "user"=>"vashti_z", "user_name"=>"Vashti ", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/444833671158059009/7lUm1PA-_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"449993169061433344", "text"=>"#PLOSONE: Man and the Last Great Wilderness: Human Impact on the Deep Sea http://t.co/mzIiuMy1ID", "created_at"=>"2014-03-29T19:35:06Z", "user"=>"smesegue", "user_name"=>"Sergi Meseguer ", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000177592945/098def37af69844e0d717d4d78816e84_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"539500951376510976", "text"=>"PLOS ONE: Man and the Grim reading. Last Great #Wilderness: #Human Impact on the #Deep #Sea http://t.co/grJEfahGFr", "created_at"=>"2014-12-01T19:27:04Z", "user"=>"sextantnav", "user_name"=>"David Barrie", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/453484747763638272/WRRjBZDk_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"543035629056319488", "text"=>"#latac :http://t.co/NBKlmsxYSU", "created_at"=>"2014-12-11T13:32:37Z", "user"=>"E_Druel", "user_name"=>"Elisabeth", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/451020012170383360/e6w6w56w_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"609335895741829120", "text"=>"RT @oceancensus: Wonder how humans are impacting the remote deep sea? See new publication by Ramirez-Llodra et al. in PLoS ONE: http://t.co…", "created_at"=>"2015-06-12T12:26:13Z", "user"=>"dina_ep", "user_name"=>"Dina Eparkhina", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/604175859314999296/3Dq2FjWM_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"609336671562244096", "text"=>"RT @oceancensus: Wonder how humans are impacting the remote deep sea? See new publication by Ramirez-Llodra et al. in PLoS ONE: http://t.co…", "created_at"=>"2015-06-12T12:29:18Z", "user"=>"EuroGOOS", "user_name"=>"EuroGOOS", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/452939050698039296/Y3g3RnZD_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"638008247346200576", "text"=>"RT @oceancensus: Wonder how humans are impacting the remote deep sea? See new publication by Ramirez-Llodra et al. in PLoS ONE: http://t.co…", "created_at"=>"2015-08-30T15:19:54Z", "user"=>"printhuman", "user_name"=>"printhuman", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/638004753050521601/CDOTR1I__normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"934738624943308801", "text"=>"A good Read! https://t.co/mh8YUCQPnB", "created_at"=>"2017-11-26T11:00:29Z", "user"=>"bigmick3000", "user_name"=>"Mike", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/931409405416845312/KLeY7JrU_normal.jpg"}

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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/751239"], "description"=>"<p>CFCs, Chlorofluorocarbons; PAHs, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["anthropogenic", "impacts", "considered", "semi-quantitative", "grouped"], "article_id"=>421598, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Science Policy", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Eva Ramirez-Llodra", "Paul A. Tyler", "Maria C. Baker", "Odd Aksel Bergstad", "Malcolm R. Clark", "Elva Escobar", "Lisa A. Levin", "Lenaick Menot", "Ashley A. Rowden", "Craig R. Smith", "Cindy L. Van Dover"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588.t001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>4, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Main_anthropogenic_impacts_considered_in_the_semi_quantitative_analysis_see_Tables_S1_S2_and_S3_grouped_under_three_main_categories_/421598", "title"=>"Main anthropogenic impacts considered in the semi-quantitative analysis (see Tables S1, S2 and S3) grouped under three main categories.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2011-08-01 00:26:38"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/750322"], "description"=>"<p>Image courtesy of Gilbert Rowe, MMS contract 30991, <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588#pone-0022588-g008\" target=\"_blank\">Figure 8.7.1</a> of the DGoMB report (from Rowe and Kennicutt, 2009).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["occurrence", "bathyal", "abyssal", "depths", "gulf"], "article_id"=>420681, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Science Policy", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Eva Ramirez-Llodra", "Paul A. Tyler", "Maria C. Baker", "Odd Aksel Bergstad", "Malcolm R. Clark", "Elva Escobar", "Lisa A. Levin", "Lenaick Menot", "Ashley A. Rowden", "Craig R. Smith", "Cindy L. Van Dover"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588.g003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>4, "page_views"=>8, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Litter_occurrence_at_bathyal_and_abyssal_depths_in_the_Gulf_of_Mexico_/420681", "title"=>"Litter occurrence at bathyal and abyssal depths in the Gulf of Mexico.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-08-01 00:11:21"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/750142"], "description"=>"<p>A–C, litter collected from the Western Mediterranean at 1200 m (A), 2000 m (B) and 3000 m (C) (Photos courtesy of E. Ramirez-Llodra, ICM-CSIC); D, oil drum, tyre and longline collected from the Central Mediterranean at 1200 m depth (Photos courtesy of E. Ramirez-Llodra, ICM-CSIC); E, litter observed with the ROV Isis in the Lisbon canyon (Photo courtesy of P. Tyler, Uni. Southampton/NOCS); F, litter observed with a submersible on the southern California margin at 1240 m depth (Photo courtesy of C. Smith, Uni. Hawaii).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["observed", "bathyal", "abyssal"], "article_id"=>420506, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Science Policy", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Eva Ramirez-Llodra", "Paul A. Tyler", "Maria C. Baker", "Odd Aksel Bergstad", "Malcolm R. Clark", "Elva Escobar", "Lisa A. Levin", "Lenaick Menot", "Ashley A. Rowden", "Craig R. Smith", "Cindy L. Van Dover"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>5, "page_views"=>17, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Litter_observed_and_collected_from_bathyal_and_abyssal_depths_/420506", "title"=>"Litter observed and collected from bathyal and abyssal depths.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-08-01 00:08:26"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/750442"], "description"=>"<p>A, Part of a trawl lost on the seafloor and evidence of trawl disturbance and coral rubble on Zombie seamount, Chatham Rise, New Zealand EEZ (Photo courtesy of A. Rowden and M. Clark, NIWA); B, ghost fishing of <i>Geryon</i> crabs by a discarded/lost net recovered from 1200 m depth in the Western Mediterranean (Photo courtesy of E. Ramirez-Llodra, ICM-CSIC).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["deep-sea"], "article_id"=>420808, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Science Policy", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Eva Ramirez-Llodra", "Paul A. Tyler", "Maria C. Baker", "Odd Aksel Bergstad", "Malcolm R. Clark", "Elva Escobar", "Lisa A. Levin", "Lenaick Menot", "Ashley A. Rowden", "Craig R. Smith", "Cindy L. Van Dover"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588.g004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>5, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Fishing_impact_on_deep_sea_ecosystems_/420808", "title"=>"Fishing impact on deep-sea ecosystems.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-08-01 00:13:28"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/751167"], "description"=>"<p>Mean levels of estimated impact for disposal (red bars), exploitation (green bars) and climate change (blue bars) in past (A), present (B) and future (C) scenarios. Levels of impact estimated from <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588#pone-0022588-t001\" target=\"_blank\">Table 1</a>. MOR, mid-ocean ridge; SL, sediment slope; CA, canyons; CO, corals; SEEP, cold seeps; VENT, hydrothermal vents; SM, seamounts; OMZ, oxygen minimum zones; AP, abyssal plains; Mn AP, manganese nodule abyssal plains; BP, bathypelagic; HT, hadal trenches.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["impacts", "deep-sea"], "article_id"=>421525, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Science Policy", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Eva Ramirez-Llodra", "Paul A. Tyler", "Maria C. Baker", "Odd Aksel Bergstad", "Malcolm R. Clark", "Elva Escobar", "Lisa A. Levin", "Lenaick Menot", "Ashley A. Rowden", "Craig R. Smith", "Cindy L. Van Dover"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588.g008", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>10, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Evolution_of_the_dominant_impacts_on_deep_sea_habitats_/421525", "title"=>"Evolution of the dominant impacts on deep-sea habitats.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-08-01 00:25:25"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/750793"], "description"=>"<p>A, photo of the oil being discharged in the water column (open source image); B, a coral in the deep Gulf of Mexico, with attached ophiuroid, covered with oil (Photo courtesy of Lophelia II 2010, NOAA OER and BOEMRE).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["slick", "gulf"], "article_id"=>421154, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Science Policy", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Eva Ramirez-Llodra", "Paul A. Tyler", "Maria C. Baker", "Odd Aksel Bergstad", "Malcolm R. Clark", "Elva Escobar", "Lisa A. Levin", "Lenaick Menot", "Ashley A. Rowden", "Craig R. Smith", "Cindy L. Van Dover"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588.g006", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>2, "page_views"=>3, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Deepwater_Horizon_oil_slick_in_the_Gulf_of_Mexico_2010_/421154", "title"=>"Deepwater Horizon oil slick in the Gulf of Mexico, 2010.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-08-01 00:19:14"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/750615"], "description"=>"<p>A, the holothurian <i>Psychropotes semperiana</i> over manganese nodules on the Kaplan abyssal plain in the Pacific Ocean (Photo courtesy of Ifremer - Nautile/Nodinaut, 2004); B, sampling a vent chimney off Papua New Guinea during the environmental assessment conducted by Nautilus Minerals before exploitation of massive sulphides (Photo courtesy of Nautilus Minerals).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["deep-sea"], "article_id"=>420976, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Science Policy", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Eva Ramirez-Llodra", "Paul A. Tyler", "Maria C. Baker", "Odd Aksel Bergstad", "Malcolm R. Clark", "Elva Escobar", "Lisa A. Levin", "Lenaick Menot", "Ashley A. Rowden", "Craig R. Smith", "Cindy L. Van Dover"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588.g005", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>10, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Exploitation_of_deep_sea_mineral_resources_/420976", "title"=>"Exploitation of deep-sea mineral resources.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-08-01 00:16:16"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/750974"], "description"=>"<p>The lines link impacts that, when found together, have a synergistic effect on habitats or faunal communities. The lines are colour coded, indicating the direction of the synergy. LLRW, low-level radioactive waste; CFCs, chlorofluorocarbons; PAHs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["amongst", "anthropogenic", "impacts", "deep-sea"], "article_id"=>421333, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Science Policy", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Eva Ramirez-Llodra", "Paul A. Tyler", "Maria C. Baker", "Odd Aksel Bergstad", "Malcolm R. Clark", "Elva Escobar", "Lisa A. Levin", "Lenaick Menot", "Ashley A. Rowden", "Craig R. Smith", "Cindy L. Van Dover"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588.g007", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>2, "page_views"=>5, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Synergies_amongst_anthropogenic_impacts_on_deep_sea_habitats_/421333", "title"=>"Synergies amongst anthropogenic impacts on deep-sea habitats.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-08-01 00:22:13"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/378023", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/378039", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/378049"], "description"=>"<div><p>The deep sea, the largest ecosystem on Earth and one of the least studied, harbours high biodiversity and provides a wealth of resources. Although humans have used the oceans for millennia, technological developments now allow exploitation of fisheries resources, hydrocarbons and minerals below 2000 m depth. The remoteness of the deep seafloor has promoted the disposal of residues and litter. Ocean acidification and climate change now bring a new dimension of global effects. Thus the challenges facing the deep sea are large and accelerating, providing a new imperative for the science community, industry and national and international organizations to work together to develop successful exploitation management and conservation of the deep-sea ecosystem. This paper provides scientific expert judgement and a semi-quantitative analysis of past, present and future impacts of human-related activities on global deep-sea habitats within three categories: disposal, exploitation and climate change. The analysis is the result of a Census of Marine Life – SYNDEEP workshop (September 2008). A detailed review of known impacts and their effects is provided. The analysis shows how, in recent decades, the most significant anthropogenic activities that affect the deep sea have evolved from mainly disposal (past) to exploitation (present). We predict that from now and into the future, increases in atmospheric CO₂ and facets and consequences of climate change will have the most impact on deep-sea habitats and their fauna. Synergies between different anthropogenic pressures and associated effects are discussed, indicating that most synergies are related to increased atmospheric CO₂ and climate change effects. We identify deep-sea ecosystems we believe are at higher risk from human impacts in the near future: benthic communities on sedimentary upper slopes, cold-water corals, canyon benthic communities and seamount pelagic and benthic communities. We finalise this review with a short discussion on protection and management methods.</p> </div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>[], "article_id"=>134710, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Science Policy", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Eva Ramirez-Llodra", "Paul A. Tyler", "Maria C. Baker", "Odd Aksel Bergstad", "Malcolm R. Clark", "Elva Escobar", "Lisa A. Levin", "Lenaick Menot", "Ashley A. Rowden", "Craig R. Smith", "Cindy L. Van Dover"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588.s001", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588.s002", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588.s003"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>19, "page_views"=>14, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/Man_and_the_Last_Great_Wilderness_Human_Impact_on_the_Deep_Sea/134710", "title"=>"Man and the Last Great Wilderness: Human Impact on the Deep Sea", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>4, "published_date"=>"2011-08-01 01:18:30"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/749979"], "description"=>"<p>A, the anemone <i>Phelliactis robusta</i>, from 2311 m in the Eastern Whittard Canyon, SW Ireland, taken during cruise JC10, Dive 65, of the HERMES project (Photo courtesy of P. Tyler, Uni. Southampton, and D. Masson, NOCS/NERC); B, the brachiopod <i>Gryphus vitreus</i> attached to clinker and to a scaphopod shell (Photo courtesy of Ariadna Mechò, ICM-CSIC).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["fauna", "attached"], "article_id"=>420342, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Science Policy", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Eva Ramirez-Llodra", "Paul A. Tyler", "Maria C. Baker", "Odd Aksel Bergstad", "Malcolm R. Clark", "Elva Escobar", "Lisa A. Levin", "Lenaick Menot", "Ashley A. Rowden", "Craig R. Smith", "Cindy L. Van Dover"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022588.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>11, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Deep_water_fauna_attached_to_clinker_/420342", "title"=>"Deep-water fauna attached to clinker.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-08-01 00:05:42"}

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Relative Metric

{"start_date"=>"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z", "end_date"=>"2011-12-31T00:00:00Z", "subject_areas"=>[{"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences/Organisms", "average_usage"=>[316, 571, 699, 812, 915, 1008, 1095, 1180, 1255, 1319, 1393, 1461, 1528, 1595, 1662, 1729, 1802, 1868, 1937, 1997, 2062, 2130, 2192, 2254, 2324, 2386, 2450, 2510, 2579, 2642, 2716, 2778, 2842, 2908, 2979, 3042, 3095]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Ecology and environmental sciences", "average_usage"=>[331, 535, 647, 744, 844, 946, 1026, 1107, 1176, 1235, 1292, 1362, 1432, 1501, 1565, 1632, 1688, 1764, 1827, 1880, 1949, 2007, 2080, 2146, 2214, 2260, 2337, 2405, 2464, 2520, 2575, 2661, 2717, 2785, 2835, 2892, 2961]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Ecology and environmental sciences/Ecology", "average_usage"=>[337, 543, 656, 754, 855, 949, 1023, 1107, 1185, 1257, 1318, 1395, 1469, 1547, 1616, 1681, 1752, 1827, 1902, 1966, 2031, 2090, 2153, 2222, 2312, 2383, 2442, 2522, 2599, 2672, 2729, 2806, 2865, 2920, 3004, 3060, 3112]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Ecology and environmental sciences/Ecosystems", "average_usage"=>[322, 507, 643, 742, 811, 883, 959, 1028, 1082, 1164, 1252, 1329, 1378, 1436, 1511, 1574, 1652, 1735, 1804, 1880, 1946, 2005, 2067, 2148, 2229]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Ecology and environmental sciences/Habitats", "average_usage"=>[321, 515, 630, 725, 822, 919, 990, 1055, 1097, 1158, 1210, 1261, 1326, 1400, 1455, 1514, 1576, 1635, 1713, 1768, 1832, 1903, 1958, 2009, 2058, 2122, 2197, 2280, 2360, 2455, 2525, 2619, 2666, 2732, 2800, 2879, 2928]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Physical sciences/Chemistry", "average_usage"=>[272, 506, 626, 733, 837, 944, 1031, 1116, 1192, 1253, 1324, 1388, 1459, 1528, 1593, 1653, 1718, 1787, 1854, 1916, 1974, 2045, 2111, 2167, 2232, 2297, 2355, 2425, 2489, 2549, 2615, 2675, 2734, 2793, 2851, 2904, 2961]}]}

F1000Prime