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{"title"=>"The effects of mechanical stress on the growth, differentiation, and paracrine factor production of cardiac stem cells", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Hiroshi", "last_name"=>"Kurazumi", "scopus_author_id"=>"15049418400"}, {"first_name"=>"Masayuki", "last_name"=>"Kubo", "scopus_author_id"=>"7402198027"}, {"first_name"=>"Mako", "last_name"=>"Ohshima", "scopus_author_id"=>"13102883200"}, {"first_name"=>"Yumi", "last_name"=>"Yamamoto", "scopus_author_id"=>"55225581900"}, {"first_name"=>"Yoshihiro", "last_name"=>"Takemoto", "scopus_author_id"=>"36721642500"}, {"first_name"=>"Ryo", "last_name"=>"Suzuki", "scopus_author_id"=>"7402804156"}, {"first_name"=>"Shigeru", "last_name"=>"Ikenaga", "scopus_author_id"=>"6603939243"}, {"first_name"=>"Akihito", "last_name"=>"Mikamo", "scopus_author_id"=>"6603226365"}, {"first_name"=>"Koichi", "last_name"=>"Udo", "scopus_author_id"=>"54795789500"}, {"first_name"=>"Kimikazu", "last_name"=>"Hamano", "scopus_author_id"=>"7201594613"}, {"first_name"=>"Tao Sheng", "last_name"=>"Li", "scopus_author_id"=>"36071511300"}], "year"=>2011, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"sgr"=>"84555205168", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0028890", "issn"=>"19326203", "pui"=>"364010491", "isbn"=>"1932-6203 (Electronic)\r1932-6203 (Linking)", "pmid"=>"22216136", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84555205168"}, "id"=>"97505231-9c39-3222-90b5-88bd06f80352", "abstract"=>"Stem cell therapies have been clinically employed to repair the injured heart, and cardiac stem cells are thought to be one of the most potent stem cell candidates. The beating heart is characterized by dynamic mechanical stresses, which may have a significant impact on stem cell therapy. The purpose of this study is to investigate how mechanical stress affects the growth and differentiation of cardiac stem cells and their release of paracrine factors. In this study, human cardiac stem cells were seeded in a silicon chamber and mechanical stress was then induced by cyclic stretch stimulation (60 cycles/min with 120% elongation). Cells grown in non-stretched silicon chambers were used as controls. Our result revealed that mechanical stretching significantly reduced the total number of surviving cells, decreased Ki-67-positive cells, and increased TUNEL-positive cells in the stretched group 24 hrs after stretching, as compared to the control group. Interestingly, mechanical stretching significantly increased the release of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β as well as the angiogenic growth factors VEGF and bFGF from the cells in 12 hrs. Furthermore, mechanical stretching significantly reduced the percentage of c-kit-positive stem cells, but increased the expressions of cardiac troponin-I and smooth muscle actin in cells 3 days after stretching. Using a traditional stretching model, we demonstrated that mechanical stress suppressed the growth and proliferation of cardiac stem cells, enhanced their release of inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors, and improved their myogenic differentiation. The development of this in vitro approach may help elucidate the complex mechanisms of stem cell therapy for heart failure.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/effects-mechanical-stress-growth-differentiation-paracrine-factor-production-cardiac-stem-cells", "reader_count"=>65, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Professor > Associate Professor"=>3, "Librarian"=>1, "Researcher"=>13, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>6, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>25, "Student > Postgraduate"=>4, "Student > Master"=>5, "Other"=>1, "Student > Bachelor"=>5, "Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>1}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Professor > Associate Professor"=>3, "Librarian"=>1, "Researcher"=>13, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>6, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>25, "Student > Postgraduate"=>4, "Student > Master"=>5, "Other"=>1, "Student > Bachelor"=>5, "Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Engineering"=>10, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>7, "Materials Science"=>1, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>27, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>16, "Physics and Astronomy"=>2, "Chemistry"=>2}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>10}, "Materials Science"=>{"Materials Science"=>1}, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>16}, "Chemistry"=>{"Chemistry"=>2}, "Physics and Astronomy"=>{"Physics and Astronomy"=>2}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>27}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>7}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"United States"=>1, "Finland"=>1, "Brazil"=>1, "United Kingdom"=>1}, "group_count"=>4}

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• http://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-012-9421-4
• http://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01256
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• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/698153"], "description"=>"<p>The upper panels show representative images of immunostaining for proliferating cells (Ki67-positive, <b>A</b>) and apoptotic (TUNEL, <b>B</b>) cells. Nuclei were labeled with DAPI. Quantitative analysis showed a significant decrease in the number of proliferative cells (<b>A</b>, lower panel) and a significant increase in the number of apoptotic cells (<b>B</b>, lower panel) in the stretch group compared with the static group. Data represent 4 separate experiments using different cells.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["proliferation"], "article_id"=>368542, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Molecular Biology", "Cell Biology", "Developmental Biology"], "users"=>["Hiroshi Kurazumi", "Masayuki Kubo", "Mako Ohshima", "Yumi Yamamoto", "Yoshihiro Takemoto", "Ryo Suzuki", "Shigeru Ikenaga", "Akihito Mikamo", "Koichi Udo", "Kimikazu Hamano", "Tao-Sheng Li"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028890.g004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>1, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Cell_proliferation_and_apoptosis_/368542", "title"=>"Cell proliferation and apoptosis.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 10:24:35"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/697704"], "description"=>"<p>The cells were seeded at a density of 1×10⁵/chamber. After 24 hrs for manipulation, the chambers were continuously stretched at a frequency of 60 cycles/min with 120% elongation (stretch group). Non-stretched chambers were used as controls (static group). Assessments were performed at the indicated time points.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["designs"], "article_id"=>368090, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Molecular Biology", "Cell Biology", "Developmental Biology"], "users"=>["Hiroshi Kurazumi", "Masayuki Kubo", "Mako Ohshima", "Yumi Yamamoto", "Yoshihiro Takemoto", "Ryo Suzuki", "Shigeru Ikenaga", "Akihito Mikamo", "Koichi Udo", "Kimikazu Hamano", "Tao-Sheng Li"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028890.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>1, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Experimental_designs_and_time_schedule_of_assessments_/368090", "title"=>"Experimental designs and time schedule of assessments.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 10:22:26"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/697863"], "description"=>"<p><b>A</b>) The cells of both groups showed similar density and morphology at baseline. However, when compared to static culture, stretching stimulation decreased the cell density and caused the cells to be arranged parallel to the stretch direction after 24 hrs and 3 days of culture (bar = 100 µm). <b>B</b>) The number of surviving cells was significantly less at 24 hrs and 3 days when the cells were cultured under stretching stimulation compared to under static condition.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["changes"], "article_id"=>368253, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Molecular Biology", "Cell Biology", "Developmental Biology"], "users"=>["Hiroshi Kurazumi", "Masayuki Kubo", "Mako Ohshima", "Yumi Yamamoto", "Yoshihiro Takemoto", "Ryo Suzuki", "Shigeru Ikenaga", "Akihito Mikamo", "Koichi Udo", "Kimikazu Hamano", "Tao-Sheng Li"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028890.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>2, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Morphological_changes_and_cell_survival_/368253", "title"=>"Morphological changes and cell survival.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 10:23:13"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/698442"], "description"=>"<p>Representative images show the variable expression in stretch and static groups of adhesion molecules and ECM after 3 days of culture with (Stretch) or without (Static) stretching stimulation, as imaged by immunostaining for focal adhesion kinase (<b>A</b>), Integrin-β₁ (<b>B</b>), collagen I (<b>C</b>), and collagen III (<b>D</b>). Nuclei were labeled with DAPI (blue). Semi-quantitative data on the relative intensity of staining was also shown (bar graph on the left). Scale bars represent 100 µm.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["adhesion", "molecules", "extracellular", "matrix"], "article_id"=>368830, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Molecular Biology", "Cell Biology", "Developmental Biology"], "users"=>["Hiroshi Kurazumi", "Masayuki Kubo", "Mako Ohshima", "Yumi Yamamoto", "Yoshihiro Takemoto", "Ryo Suzuki", "Shigeru Ikenaga", "Akihito Mikamo", "Koichi Udo", "Kimikazu Hamano", "Tao-Sheng Li"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028890.g007", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>3, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Expression_of_adhesion_molecules_and_extracellular_matrix_ECM_/368830", "title"=>"Expression of adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix (ECM).", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 10:25:59"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/698345"], "description"=>"<p>Immunostaining analyses were used to observe the expression of markers for stem cells (c-kit⁺, <b>A</b>), cardiomyocytes (troponin-I⁺ cells, <b>B</b>), smooth muscle cells (SMA⁺ cells, <b>C</b>), or endothelial cells (CD31⁺ cells, <b>D</b>) after 3 days of culture. Representative images of immunostaining are shown in the upper panels. Nuclei were labeled with DAPI. Scale bars represent 100 µm. Quantitative data were derived from six separate experiments using different cells.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["differentiation"], "article_id"=>368733, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Molecular Biology", "Cell Biology", "Developmental Biology"], "users"=>["Hiroshi Kurazumi", "Masayuki Kubo", "Mako Ohshima", "Yumi Yamamoto", "Yoshihiro Takemoto", "Ryo Suzuki", "Shigeru Ikenaga", "Akihito Mikamo", "Koichi Udo", "Kimikazu Hamano", "Tao-Sheng Li"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028890.g006", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>1, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Expression_of_stem_cell_and_differentiation_markers_/368733", "title"=>"Expression of stem cell and differentiation markers.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 10:25:31"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/698010"], "description"=>"<p>Cells in the stretch group were more likely to display a spindle shape, in contrast to the flat shape typically observed in the static group.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["cells", "scanning", "electron"], "article_id"=>368398, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Molecular Biology", "Cell Biology", "Developmental Biology"], "users"=>["Hiroshi Kurazumi", "Masayuki Kubo", "Mako Ohshima", "Yumi Yamamoto", "Yoshihiro Takemoto", "Ryo Suzuki", "Shigeru Ikenaga", "Akihito Mikamo", "Koichi Udo", "Kimikazu Hamano", "Tao-Sheng Li"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028890.g003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>4, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Morphological_observation_of_cells_under_scanning_electron_microscopy_/368398", "title"=>"Morphological observation of cells under scanning electron microscopy.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 10:23:57"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/698247"], "description"=>"<p>The concentrations of the angiogenic factors, VEGF (<b>A</b>) and bFGF (<b>B</b>), in conditioned media were significantly higher in the stretch group than the static group. The concentrations of the inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 (<b>C</b>) and IL-1β (<b>D</b>), were also significantly higher in the stretch group than the static group. In contrast, the concentrations of IGF-1 (<b>E</b>), HGF (<b>F</b>), SDF-1α (<b>G</b>), and TGF-β₁ (<b>H</b>) were not significantly different between the groups. Data represent 6 separate experiments using different cells.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["cytokines", "factors", "released"], "article_id"=>368637, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Molecular Biology", "Cell Biology", "Developmental Biology"], "users"=>["Hiroshi Kurazumi", "Masayuki Kubo", "Mako Ohshima", "Yumi Yamamoto", "Yoshihiro Takemoto", "Ryo Suzuki", "Shigeru Ikenaga", "Akihito Mikamo", "Koichi Udo", "Kimikazu Hamano", "Tao-Sheng Li"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028890.g005", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>5, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_ELISA_analysis_of_cytokines_and_growth_factors_released_from_CDCs_/368637", "title"=>"ELISA analysis of cytokines and growth factors released from CDCs.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 10:25:02"}

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F1000Prime