Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data
- Publication Date
- March 22, 2013
- Journal
- PLOS ONE
- Authors
- James K. Bonfield & Matthew V. Mahoney
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e59190
- DOI
- https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059190
- Publisher URL
- http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0059190
- PubMed
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23533605
- PubMed Central
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3606433
- Europe PMC
- http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/23533605
- Web of Science
- 000316549400042
- Scopus
- 84875363204
- Mendeley
- http://www.mendeley.com/research/compression-fastq-sam-format-sequencing-data
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CiteULike | Further Information
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Mendeley | Further Information
{"title"=>"Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"James K.", "last_name"=>"Bonfield", "scopus_author_id"=>"6602684116"}, {"first_name"=>"Matthew V.", "last_name"=>"Mahoney", "scopus_author_id"=>"55630410400"}], "year"=>2013, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"pui"=>"368580439", "issn"=>"19326203", "isbn"=>"1932-6203", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0059190", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84875363204", "pmid"=>"23533605", "sgr"=>"84875363204"}, "id"=>"180b6d77-6615-3bf1-a13f-97e5c3338fec", "abstract"=>"Storage and transmission of the data produced by modern DNA sequencing instruments has become a major concern, which prompted the Pistoia Alliance to pose the SequenceSqueeze contest for compression of FASTQ files. We present several compression entries from the competition, Fastqz and Samcomp/Fqzcomp, including the winning entry. These are compared against existing algorithms for both reference based compression (CRAM, Goby) and non-reference based compression (DSRC, BAM) and other recently published competition entries (Quip, SCALCE). The tools are shown to be the new Pareto frontier for FASTQ compression, offering state of the art ratios at affordable CPU costs. All programs are freely available on SourceForge. Fastqz: https://sourceforge.net/projects/fastqz/, fqzcomp: https://sourceforge.net/projects/fqzcomp/, and samcomp: https://sourceforge.net/projects/samcomp/.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/compression-fastq-sam-format-sequencing-data", "reader_count"=>139, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>5, "Librarian"=>1, "Researcher"=>46, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>4, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>38, "Student > Postgraduate"=>1, "Student > Master"=>16, "Other"=>4, "Student > Bachelor"=>10, "Lecturer"=>4, "Professor"=>9}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>5, "Librarian"=>1, "Researcher"=>46, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>4, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>38, "Student > Postgraduate"=>1, "Student > Master"=>16, "Other"=>4, "Student > Bachelor"=>10, "Lecturer"=>4, "Professor"=>9}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>2, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>59, "Arts and Humanities"=>1, "Chemistry"=>1, "Computer Science"=>41, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>1, "Engineering"=>13, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>10, "Materials Science"=>1, "Mathematics"=>2, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>4, "Physics and Astronomy"=>1, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>2, "Linguistics"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Materials Science"=>{"Materials Science"=>1}, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>4}, "Physics and Astronomy"=>{"Physics and Astronomy"=>1}, "Mathematics"=>{"Mathematics"=>2}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>2}, "Arts and Humanities"=>{"Arts and Humanities"=>1}, "Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>13}, "Chemistry"=>{"Chemistry"=>1}, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>{"Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>1}, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>{"Immunology and Microbiology"=>2}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>59}, "Computer Science"=>{"Computer Science"=>41}, "Linguistics"=>{"Linguistics"=>1}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>10}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Netherlands"=>2, "Sweden"=>2, "United States"=>9, "China"=>2, "United Kingdom"=>4, "France"=>3, "Spain"=>3}, "group_count"=>16}CrossRef
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Scopus | Further Information
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Journal Comments | Further Information
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/89f933d6-4be7-43f9-8d68-dbf7ed5f70af", "title"=>"Correction: formatting of fastq example", "body"=>"The Fastq sequence at the top of page 7 (PDF) has been line-wrapped. It should be in a font small enough to fit within the column (even cropping it to fit if required, but preferably by adjusting font size) and with the new lines as seen in the example below:\n\n@SRR062634.2724179 HWI-EAS110_103327062:6:13:11133:13696/1\nTGGAATCAGATGGAATCATCGAATGGACTGGAATGGAATCATTGAATGGACTCGAAAGG\n+\nGGGFGGFDGGGGGGFGFGGGGGGGGGGGGGGEFGGGGFGEDGGGFGGGFEDFGCDFDG?\n@SRR062634.2724180 HWI-EAS110_103327062:6:13:11133:11572/1\nATATAGTCCATTGTACTCCCTTGCTTAAATCTGGATCCCTGCAAATAAAAACATCTTCC\n+\nGGGGGGGGFGGGGEGGFGGGEGGFDGEAEGGEEEEBEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEECCCC\n\n(The above should be 8 lines of text with \"+\" being the sole character on 2 of them. I have no idea if the correction posting system is going to line-wrap for me.)", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2013-03-27T16:31:18Z", "lastModified"=>"2013-03-27T16:31:18Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"323335"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0059190", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2013-03-27T16:31:18Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/69ef4709-a415-4ed3-96d5-b74d7821415a", "title"=>"Correction: tokenisation of FASTQ entry name", "body"=>"The example tokenisation of the FASTQ name at the top of page 7 (right hand column) originally contained underscores to indicate the runs of letters that have been tokenised. If this isn't suitable (as it got dropped in the re-rendering of the latex/pdf) then the text could be modified to use bracketing or some other markup to denote the token boundaries. Eg:\n\n \"For example: (@) (SRR) (0) (62634) (.) (3364) ( ) (HWI) (-) (EAS) (110) (_) (103327062) (:) (6) (:) (1) (:) (1944) (:) (962) (/) (2), with brackets denoting the tokenised words.\"\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2013-03-27T16:45:33Z", "lastModified"=>"2013-03-27T16:45:33Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"323335"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0059190", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2013-03-27T16:45:33Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/6c46e025-015e-4704-880c-06d8449c18b8", "title"=>"Correction: Fastq ID misformatting", "body"=>"The two lines of fastq identifies in the left column of page 8 (PDF) are in the same paragraph. They should be separated one per line, in a font small enough to not line-wrap. Eg:\n\n@SRR062634.2724180 HWI-EAS110_103327062:6:13:11133:11572/1\n@SRR062634.2724181 HWI-EAS110_103327062:6:13:11133:5630/1\n\nThis emphasises to the reader that one entry name can be used as a context for predicting the next entry name, and is key to the understanding of the sentence following this text.", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2013-03-27T16:48:18Z", "lastModified"=>"2013-03-27T16:48:18Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"323335"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0059190", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2013-03-27T16:48:18Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/fe629170-d937-40d8-98ae-ae8c19bd8c18", "title"=>"Correction: sequence alignment formatting", "body"=>"The multiple sequence alignment in the right column of page 8 (PDF) has been drawn incorrectly.\n\nIt needs to be in a smaller font to avoid the line-wrapping (if this is not possible, truncating the right hand edge would suffice) and it needs to be in a fixed width font with the leading spaces preserved. I have no idea how this will come out in this comment box, but in the original latex document it was this:\n\n{\\footnotesize\\begin{verbatim}\nTGGA ATCA GAT GGA ATCA TCGA ATGG ACTG GAA TGGA ATCA\n GGA ATCA GAT GGA ATCA TCGA ATGG ACTG GAA TGGA ATCA\n GAAT CAGA TGGA ATCA TCGA ATGG ACTG GAA TGGA ATCA\n AATC AGAT GGA ATCA TCGA ATGG ACTG GAA TGGA ATCA\n\\end{verbatim}}\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2013-03-27T16:53:54Z", "lastModified"=>"2013-03-27T16:53:54Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"323335"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0059190", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>1, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2013-03-27T16:55:52Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>63357, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/d83f8f97-67a1-4a8d-8585-af71d93fc5c2", "title"=>"RE: Correction: sequence alignment formatting", "body"=>"Argh. The commenting system is preventing the correct format displaying too. Can we please get markdown for comments? Instead, here is the text uuencoded in old-school fashion:\n\nbegin 644 -\nM5$='02!!5$-!($=!5\"!'1T$@051#02!40T=!($%41T<@04-41R!'04$@5$='\nM02!!5$-!\"B!'1T$@051#02!'050@1T=!($%40T$@5$-'02!!5$='($%#5$<@\nM1T%!(%1'1T$@051#00H@($=!050@0T%'02`@5$='02!!5$-!(%1#1T$@051'\nM1R!!0U1'($=!02!41T=!($%40T$*(\"`@04%40R!!1T%4(\"!'1T$@051#02!4\n<0T=!($%41T<@04-41R!'04$@5$='02!!5$-!\"@``\n`\nend\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2013-03-27T16:55:52Z", "lastModified"=>"2013-03-27T16:55:52Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"323335"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0059190", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2013-03-27T16:55:52Z", "replies"=>[]}]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/f35feef0-e45b-4158-99f9-e16b6071f7e4", "title"=>"Minor formatting issues", "body"=>"The comments below are very minor and do not cause any issues with understanding the paper.\n\nPages 1, 7, 8, 10: (PDF only). Most of the URLs print correctly, but\nthe link you get on a mouse-over is often truncated if the URL wraps a\nline. This may just be an issue with the PDF viewer. I don't expect\nmany people will follow URLs from the PDF and the html/xml versions\nare fine.\n\nPage 3 right column: There is an extraneous space in the setence\n \"For other tools we either modified them to omit specific data\n types (Samcomp ) or produced multiple ...\"\n\nTable 3, 4, 5: (Pages 5, 6): These tables would benefit from the\na few vertical or horizontal bars separating the sections. Eg vertical\nin table 3 to distinguish the SRR003177 group from the SRR007215 group,\nor horizontal in tables 4 and 5 to separate the clustering of\nvalues. See the original PDF for examples. If this is not possible\nthen maybe extra white space could be used as separators?\n\nTables 3, 4, 5: The numerical values would benefit from being right\njustified in columns instead of left justified. Also I note that the\nbold font is coming out larger than the non-bold ones, making\nvisual alignment poor, although that last point is extremely minor.\n\nPages 7, 8: The two groups of equations would look better if the floor\nfunction (the large square bracket with the top horizontal portion\nmissing) spanned the full height of the equations (see the original\nfor an example). (Very minor formatting - just a nicety.)\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2013-03-27T17:02:57Z", "lastModified"=>"2013-03-27T17:02:57Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"323335"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0059190", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2013-03-27T17:02:57Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/1f4d1378-5bed-463c-9dca-b40677e4de00", "title"=>"Correctly formatted PDF", "body"=>"6 months after sending my initial corrections to the errors caused in the PDF to Word (!) translation step, the problems still exist.\n\nTherefore here is a link to the original submission PDF with correctly formatted text.\n\nftp://ftp.sanger.ac.uk/pub/users/jkb/SeqSqueeze-PLOS.pdf", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2013-10-04T08:36:26Z", "lastModified"=>"2013-10-04T08:36:26Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"323335"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0059190", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2013-10-04T08:36:26Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"id"=>"319194824844652545", "text"=>"Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data http://t.co/QsLY2ejbBw #NGS #Bioinformatics", "created_at"=>"2013-04-02T21:09:11Z", "user"=>"genetics_blog", "user_name"=>"Stephen Turner", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1356990961/pic2-square-cropped-350x350_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"319196031277473792", "text"=>"#PLOSONE: Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data http://t.co/TMVewNcffx", "created_at"=>"2013-04-02T21:13:58Z", "user"=>"BioMickWatson", "user_name"=>"Mick Watson", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1478932573/arkgfav_small_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"319197001902338048", "text"=>"RT @BioMickWatson: #PLOSONE: Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data http://t.co/TMVewNcffx", "created_at"=>"2013-04-02T21:17:50Z", "user"=>"nextgenseek", "user_name"=>"nextgenseek", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2538708602/9a3cxp94du7z0jbbjqkq_normal.jpeg"}
- {"id"=>"319197195356217344", "text"=>"RT @genetics_blog: Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data http://t.co/QsLY2ejbBw #NGS #Bioinformatics", "created_at"=>"2013-04-02T21:18:36Z", "user"=>"GuiomeNicolas", "user_name"=>"Guillaume Nicolas", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1999642272/IMG_1153_normal.JPG"}
- {"id"=>"319199684184899584", "text"=>"RT @BioMickWatson: #PLOSONE: Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data http://t.co/TMVewNcffx", "created_at"=>"2013-04-02T21:28:29Z", "user"=>"labmonkey_in_KL", "user_name"=>"Joanne Mason", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3098919952/acf97fde2aa91c7bb319301053cbcb0c_normal.jpeg"}
- {"id"=>"319202822237347840", "text"=>"RT @BioMickWatson: #PLOSONE: Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data http://t.co/TMVewNcffx", "created_at"=>"2013-04-02T21:40:57Z", "user"=>"Lisa_Crossman", "user_name"=>"Lisa Crossman", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1859759084/allecolis3_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"319204577662611456", "text"=>"RT @BioMickWatson: #PLOSONE: Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data http://t.co/TMVewNcffx", "created_at"=>"2013-04-02T21:47:56Z", "user"=>"hardikshah007", "user_name"=>"hardik", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3442819628/77e98a5edaf552aeb4ae072dc10fbcd2_normal.jpeg"}
- {"id"=>"319209064796143616", "text"=>"RT @BioMickWatson: #PLOSONE: Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data http://t.co/TMVewNcffx", "created_at"=>"2013-04-02T22:05:46Z", "user"=>"evolvability", "user_name"=>"David Mittelman", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2673084988/4eb1156963514e18314939ec14cf31e5_normal.jpeg"}
- {"id"=>"319218970425171968", "text"=>"RT @BioMickWatson: #PLOSONE: Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data http://t.co/TMVewNcffx", "created_at"=>"2013-04-02T22:45:08Z", "user"=>"OmicsOmicsBlog", "user_name"=>"Keith Robison", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2899746265/80f20d2462b64c949da5202c3c44d13e_normal.jpeg"}
- {"id"=>"319269583464824833", "text"=>"RT @BioMickWatson: #PLOSONE: Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data http://t.co/TMVewNcffx", "created_at"=>"2013-04-03T02:06:15Z", "user"=>"mitalia", "user_name"=>"Michael Italia", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/792601744/twitimg_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"319491729118072832", "text"=>"RT @genetics_blog: Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data http://t.co/QsLY2ejbBw #NGS #Bioinformatics", "created_at"=>"2013-04-03T16:48:58Z", "user"=>"Buzz0r2k", "user_name"=>"Thomas Klemm", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3275552837/8164b890accc0f0d0d1d87e665c7d909_normal.jpeg"}
- {"id"=>"319608641844039682", "text"=>"RT @genetics_blog: Compression of FASTQ and SAM Format Sequencing Data http://t.co/QsLY2ejbBw #NGS #Bioinformatics", "created_at"=>"2013-04-04T00:33:32Z", "user"=>"JChrisPires", "user_name"=>"J. Chris Pires", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1416048607/jcp_2011_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"806140416735191042", "text"=>"@BenLangmead @BioMickWatson @timp0 Quite a few tools can reach similar speed/size: https://t.co/nx0mtc5Glb", "created_at"=>"2016-12-06T14:17:07Z", "user"=>"lh3lh3", "user_name"=>"Heng Li", "user_profile_image"=>"http://abs.twimg.com/sticky/default_profile_images/default_profile_1_normal.png"}
- {"id"=>"806141288265486336", "text"=>"RT @lh3lh3: @BenLangmead @BioMickWatson @timp0 Quite a few tools can reach similar speed/size: https://t.co/nx0mtc5Glb", "created_at"=>"2016-12-06T14:20:35Z", "user"=>"dajiangliu81", "user_name"=>"Dajiang Liu", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/583542804401364993/mMEKcrPG_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"806143883453218816", "text"=>"RT @lh3lh3: @BenLangmead @BioMickWatson @timp0 Quite a few tools can reach similar speed/size: https://t.co/nx0mtc5Glb", "created_at"=>"2016-12-06T14:30:53Z", "user"=>"lpachter", "user_name"=>"Lior Pachter", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000424020189/11f428d1263a890a1697e7230c6b5e7a_normal.jpeg"}
- {"id"=>"806150599280652289", "text"=>"RT @lh3lh3: @BenLangmead @BioMickWatson @timp0 Quite a few tools can reach similar speed/size: https://t.co/nx0mtc5Glb", "created_at"=>"2016-12-06T14:57:35Z", "user"=>"lexnederbragt", "user_name"=>"Lex Nederbragt", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1099225219/DSC01628a_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"806158304325996544", "text"=>"RT @lh3lh3: @BenLangmead @BioMickWatson @timp0 Quite a few tools can reach similar speed/size: https://t.co/nx0mtc5Glb", "created_at"=>"2016-12-06T15:28:12Z", "user"=>"benbfly", "user_name"=>"benbfly", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000253226600/a667de20629fe1e2894748f58d3e0cf2_normal.png"}
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- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"40"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"34"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"16", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"36"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"61"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"50"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"49"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"20", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"32"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"23", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"59"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"56"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"17", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"46"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"39"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"25", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"28"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"28", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"34"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"27", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"41"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"132", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"35"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"144", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"39"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"20", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"42"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"46"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"27", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"32"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"53"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"80"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"22", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"65"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"40", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"49"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2021", "pdf_views"=>"37", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"37"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2021", "pdf_views"=>"16", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"34"}
PMC Usage Stats | Further Information
- {"unique-ip"=>"1", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"3"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"60", "full-text"=>"60", "pdf"=>"28", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"14", "supp-data"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"4"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"32", "full-text"=>"36", "pdf"=>"6", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"5"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"12", "full-text"=>"13", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"6"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"12", "full-text"=>"17", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"9", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"7"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"17", "full-text"=>"20", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"5", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"8"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"24", "full-text"=>"27", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"5", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"9"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"19", "full-text"=>"19", "pdf"=>"8", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"10"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"21", "full-text"=>"17", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"9", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"11"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"25", "full-text"=>"23", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"8", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"12"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"39", "full-text"=>"41", "pdf"=>"10", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"9", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"1"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"20", "full-text"=>"22", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"2"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"20", "full-text"=>"19", "pdf"=>"6", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"3"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"30", "full-text"=>"29", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"5"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"31", "full-text"=>"35", "pdf"=>"9", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"6"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"13", "full-text"=>"15", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"4"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"35", "full-text"=>"38", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"4"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"39", "full-text"=>"55", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"11", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"5"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"41", "full-text"=>"53", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"10", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"6"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"57", "full-text"=>"59", "pdf"=>"10", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"17", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"7"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"32", "full-text"=>"35", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"10", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"3"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"32", "full-text"=>"25", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"2"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"37", "full-text"=>"40", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"8", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"8"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"58", "full-text"=>"63", "pdf"=>"32", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"11", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"9"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"51", "full-text"=>"64", "pdf"=>"12", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"6", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"10"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"36", "full-text"=>"34", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"11", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"7"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"25", "full-text"=>"22", "pdf"=>"8", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"8"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"31", "full-text"=>"30", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"9"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"15", "full-text"=>"17", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"10"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"36", "full-text"=>"29", "pdf"=>"9", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"6", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"2"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"16", "full-text"=>"14", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"11"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"24", "full-text"=>"23", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"12"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"33", "full-text"=>"34", "pdf"=>"12", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"8", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"1"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"57", "full-text"=>"56", "pdf"=>"15", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"8", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"11"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"36", "full-text"=>"38", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"11", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"12"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"57", "full-text"=>"63", "pdf"=>"8", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"7", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"1"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"39", "full-text"=>"47", "pdf"=>"9", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"3"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"44", "full-text"=>"49", "pdf"=>"9", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"11", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"4"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"39", "full-text"=>"75", "pdf"=>"9", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"5"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"40", "full-text"=>"45", "pdf"=>"6", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"14", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"6"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"46", "full-text"=>"45", "pdf"=>"8", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"13", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"7"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"48", "full-text"=>"51", "pdf"=>"12", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"8", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"8"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"41", "full-text"=>"41", "pdf"=>"6", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"11", "supp-data"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"9"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"36", "full-text"=>"40", "pdf"=>"6", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"14", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"10"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"49", "full-text"=>"46", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"14", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"11"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"28", "full-text"=>"27", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"6", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"12"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"51", "full-text"=>"55", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"15", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"1"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"53", "full-text"=>"71", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"7", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"2"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"45", "full-text"=>"55", "pdf"=>"11", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"9", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"3"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"37", "full-text"=>"40", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"7", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"4"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"35", "full-text"=>"36", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"5", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"5"}
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- {"unique-ip"=>"24", "full-text"=>"25", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"10", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"7"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"53", "full-text"=>"56", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"24", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"8"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"48", "full-text"=>"53", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"11", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"9"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"69", "full-text"=>"73", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"21", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"10"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"92", "full-text"=>"112", "pdf"=>"13", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"22", "supp-data"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"11"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"74", "full-text"=>"77", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"20", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"12"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"81", "full-text"=>"99", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"18", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"1"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"1", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"2"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"87", "full-text"=>"102", "pdf"=>"8", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"12", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"3"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"59", "full-text"=>"79", "pdf"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"1"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"61", "full-text"=>"64", "pdf"=>"10", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"4", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"11"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"69", "full-text"=>"69", "pdf"=>"11", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"4"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"73", "full-text"=>"80", "pdf"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"5"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"50", "full-text"=>"53", "pdf"=>"5", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"9"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"56", "full-text"=>"53", "pdf"=>"10", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"6"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"52", "full-text"=>"53", "pdf"=>"7", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"8"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"54", "full-text"=>"50", "pdf"=>"9", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"4", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"7"}
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Relative Metric
{"start_date"=>"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z", "end_date"=>"2013-12-31T00:00:00Z", "subject_areas"=>[{"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences/Genetics", "average_usage"=>[284, 491, 620, 738, 843, 945, 1043, 1137, 1225, 1315, 1400, 1479, 1555]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Computer and information sciences/Computer software", "average_usage"=>[275, 441, 557, 690, 806, 929, 1029, 1117, 1218, 1286, 1349, 1438, 1506]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Physical sciences/Physics", "average_usage"=>[254, 421, 527, 626, 720, 813, 900, 983, 1063, 1136, 1210, 1283, 1342]}]}Loading … 

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