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{"title"=>"Accuracy and precision of visual stimulus timing in psychopy: No timing errors in standard usage", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Pablo", "last_name"=>"Garaizar", "scopus_author_id"=>"36185549200"}, {"first_name"=>"Miguel A.", "last_name"=>"Vadillo", "scopus_author_id"=>"6602776139"}], "year"=>2014, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"issn"=>"19326203", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84909582015", "pui"=>"600373065", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0112033", "sgr"=>"84909582015", "pmid"=>"25365382"}, "id"=>"6736151c-e48a-3693-8ffa-4158993fd619", "abstract"=>"In a recent report published in PLoS ONE, we found that the performance of PsychoPy degraded with very short timing intervals, suggesting that it might not be perfectly suitable for experiments requiring the presentation of very brief stimuli. The present study aims to provide an updated performance assessment for the most recent version of PsychoPy (v1.80) under different hardware/software conditions. Overall, the results show that PsychoPy can achieve high levels of precision and accuracy in the presentation of brief visual stimuli. Although occasional timing errors were found in very demanding benchmarking tests, there is no reason to think that they can pose any problem for standard experiments developed by researchers.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/accuracy-precision-visual-stimulus-timing-psychopy-timing-errors-standard-usage", "reader_count"=>47, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Professor > Associate Professor"=>4, "Librarian"=>1, "Researcher"=>7, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>4, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>12, "Student > Postgraduate"=>3, "Other"=>2, "Student > Master"=>6, "Student > Bachelor"=>4, "Professor"=>1, "Unspecified"=>3}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Professor > Associate Professor"=>4, "Librarian"=>1, "Researcher"=>7, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>4, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>12, "Student > Postgraduate"=>3, "Other"=>2, "Student > Master"=>6, "Student > Bachelor"=>4, "Professor"=>1, "Unspecified"=>3}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>5, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>3, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>1, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>2, "Neuroscience"=>5, "Chemical Engineering"=>1, "Psychology"=>25, "Computer Science"=>2, "Decision Sciences"=>1, "Linguistics"=>2}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>1}, "Neuroscience"=>{"Neuroscience"=>5}, "Decision Sciences"=>{"Decision Sciences"=>1}, "Psychology"=>{"Psychology"=>25}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>2}, "Computer Science"=>{"Computer Science"=>2}, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>{"Nursing and Health Professions"=>3}, "Linguistics"=>{"Linguistics"=>2}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>5}, "Chemical Engineering"=>{"Chemical Engineering"=>1}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Netherlands"=>1, "Sweden"=>1, "United Kingdom"=>2, "Italy"=>1, "France"=>1, "Germany"=>1, "Iceland"=>1}, "group_count"=>2}

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• http://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-015-0577-0
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbhsi.2018.01.004
• http://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-015-0632-x
• http://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13627
• http://doi.org/10.3390/psych2030012
• http://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-016-0993-x
• http://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9414
• http://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-01193-y
• http://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23205

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• {"url"=>"http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.plos.org%2Fplosone%2Farticle%3Fid%3D10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0112033", "share_count"=>0, "like_count"=>0, "comment_count"=>0, "click_count"=>0, "total_count"=>0}

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• {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/4224ac11-147c-4b6a-8250-bff6c83c5b74", "title"=>"Errata", "body"=>"There is an error in the first paragraph of the Results section: \"Specifically, we observed that errors were somewhat decreased when the number of trials per loop was reduced from 960 to 800. Following this observation, we further adjusted the number of trials per loop to 640 and observed that timing errors virtually disappeared under these conditions.\" should be \"Specifically, we observed that errors were somewhat decreased when the number of trials per loop was reduced from 2400 to 2000. Following this observation, we further adjusted the number of trials per loop to 1600 and observed that timing errors virtually disappeared under these conditions. \". Thanks to Andreas Højlund for pointing it out.", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2014-12-09T20:52:20Z", "lastModified"=>"2014-12-09T20:52:20Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"388721"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"I am a co-author of this paper"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112033", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2014-12-09T20:52:20Z", "replies"=>[]}
• {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/bda0139f-fd1e-4095-b0b5-b5de40db5bf2", "title"=>"I think your paper is based on a false premise", "body"=>"I think your paper is based on a false premise. The title to me would seem to be a misnomer in itself: 'Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in PsychoPy: No Timing Errors in Standard Usage'. You did find timing errors!\n\nYou used one of our Black Box ToolKit's to test for timing errors in PsychoPy which is all well and good, but and here's the big BUT, you used the BBTK to obtain the results by using it to tune the timing to your specific scenario and equipment, i.e. the BBTK provided external chronometry/timing.\n\nPut simply you found timing errors and then used the BBTK to work out how many trials you had to drop or add to obtain the accuracy you wanted. You also used the BBTK to uncover visual presentation errors that were double those intended and had to contact the author of PsychoPy for advice on how to correct this so that the timing matched your expectations.\n\nLogically this is not 'standard usage' at all as you used a BBTK to tweak your tests to get accurate timing. This is the point of using a BBTK and is our whole company ethos. Without using a BBTK you would not have uncovered these errors. In my view all you have shown is that researchers should check their own timing using external chronometry. The catch 22 of this is that a researcher in the field would have had no idea they had the errors you found and corrected by using a BBTK. QED it would seem!\n\nI also commented on your previous PLoS ONE paper in which I said we abandoned benchmarking experiment generators on simplistic tasks in the early 2000's as it is not representative of what researchers do in the field and hence why we developed the BBTK. I have copied and pasted that reply as it is as equally valid here.\n\nThis is not to say that PsychoPy is any better or worse than any other experiment generator out there. In the real world, in real experiments, experiment generators will have presentation, synchronisation and response errors due to the hardware and software used plus a degree of human error when programming experiments or setting them up.\n\nHopefully these comments will make readers think about your paper a little more deeply.\n\nDr Richard R. Plant\nTechnical Director, The Black Box ToolKit Ltd\n\n--8x---------------------------------\n\nDo these results generalise to what researchers really do?\n\nIn 2001 we carried out a similar study using the common experiment generators of the day. We constructed a set of agreed basic benchmarks and even let the authors of the packages comment on them beforehand. We used clean equipment to test the presentation, response and synchronization timing accuracy.\n\nWithin a given range all performed fairly well. However when we checked real researchers experiments on their own hardware they didn’t match the benchmarks.\n\nThe reason for this is because flashing a bitmap over and over on idealised equipment is not representative of what real researchers do in the field! Their equipment is never ideal, their coding never as good as yours, their experiment is more complicated, they link to different equipment to yours, e.g. EEG, fMRI etc. Or they are using a different version of the software to you.\n\nWe abandoned this approach and think that researchers should be required by publishers and funders to self-validate their own accuracy on their own equipment when running in-situ. In any other field if you couldn’t prove the accuracy of what you did you wouldn’t be published period! Ditto for methods sections that lack detail.\n\nIn this specific paper they used one of our Black Box ToolKits to check timing. What this tells you is how those experiments performed on that equipment at that time, with those scripts/code/software and nothing more. Hence why all researchers should check their own studies. Generalising more widely could to lead to false assumptions and perpetuate bad science in my view…\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2015-03-11T11:29:50Z", "lastModified"=>"2015-03-11T11:29:50Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"412015"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112033", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>3, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2015-03-13T19:46:23Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>85651, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/6b56c3ff-9d3f-4ec5-9700-4009569b0fb6", "title"=>"RE: I think your paper is based on a false premise", "body"=>"Dear Richard,\n\n Needless to say, we strongly disagree with your interpretation of our study. If we understood your comment correctly, you seem to suggest that we used the BBTK to work out how many trials we had to drop or add to obtain the accuracy we wanted. What we did is exactly the opposite. As explained in the paper, first of all we used a properly coded PsychoPy experiment with an updated version of the software running on a modern computer and we found no errors. Both the creators of PsychoPy and we as independent researchers wanted to confirm or discard the poor results showed in our previous paper, and the results presented here are clear: You can get accurate and precise timing using PsychoPy in standard usage. Unsurprisingly, we used this claim as the title of the paper.\n\n Later, we wanted to see if pushing PsychoPy up to the limits of standard usage we will find presentation errors as happened in the previous paper (taking into account that, the scenarios presented in the previous paper do not represent the standard usage of this kind of software). Therefore, we tweaked the experiment file to benchmark the software and we found presentation timing errors on extreme configurations (i.e., non-standard usage). In all of these cases, both the BBTK and PsychoPy informed us about these errors, so having the BBTK was very useful but not strictly necessary to detect them. We consider this another important finding: PsychoPy is able to detect its own timing errors in most of the cases, so researchers should trust PsychoPy when it informs about any anomaly in the presentation of the stimuli. (We are aware of the fact that the opposite, the absence of errors of warnings from PsychoPy, it is not a proof of the absence of timing errors.)\n\n The BBTK was indeed necessary to confirm the timing errors found under Linux with an Nvidia graphics card. Actually, we detected them at first sight when we started using PsychoPy under these settings, because it is pretty easy for the human eye to detect that a 200 ms stimulus is being presented for 400 ms. Then, we tested it with 1000 ms and the difference was totally clear. If we had started performing our benchmarks with 16.667 ms intervals, it is likely that we would not have been able to detect the errors and the BBTK would have been the only way to become aware of this issue. For this reason, we recommend using external timing mechanisms assessment devices like the BBTK or setting long presentation durations during the experimental setup process in order to detect this kind of issues.\n\n Finally, we agree with your general claim that this kind of studies should not be used as an excuse to avoid testing each experimental setup based on PsychoPy or any other experimental software/hardware. However, we consider that these studies are interesting because they provide independent benchmarks of the software, which are useful to confirm performance claims made by the creators of the software and to have an estimation of how close the standard usage is to the point where performance deteriorates. So our conclusion is that providing more data about the timing accuracy of experimental software is always a good thing to do, even if it does not prevent researchers from testing thoroughly their own experimental setups.\n\n Thanks for your time.\n\n Best wishes,\n Pablo Garaizar & Miguel A. Vadillo\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2015-03-11T22:35:34Z", "lastModified"=>"2015-03-11T22:35:34Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"388721"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"We are the authors of this paper"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112033", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>2, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2015-03-13T19:46:23Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>85654, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/d8a13953-3ded-40a1-b9b1-c13c07c77f6b", "title"=>"RE: RE: I think your paper is based on a false premise", "body"=>"The point I’m trying to make is that I don’t think you tested ‘standard’ usage as suggested by the title.\n\nWhat you seemed to me to do is test timing on a series of simplistic repetitive fixed benchmarks with the same stimulus presentation times and subsequent responses over and over. I don’t think anyone would consider this ‘standard’ usage. Ditto for dropping trials etc.\n\nYou also say yourself, ‘the creators of PsychoPy and we as independent researchers wanted to confirm or discard the poor results showed in our previous paper’. In your previous paper you showed there were timing errors on certain ‘benchmarking’ tests of the type you have repeated here. Simply you should not disregard these as now you seem to have found no errors in this paper. Errors are errors. It was suggested that the errors were found last time due to an ‘old’ version of PsychoPy being used. Logically at the time you didn’t assume it was old and indeed researchers in the real world will have been using that version and some probably still will be.\n\nhttp://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0085108\n\nI also think it a moot point whether a researcher can tell there are errors in their experiment because they can see them unaided. Most of the errors we come across are unseen. You should be doubly wary of time audit logs built into experiment generators as well as they are notoriously unreliable. A classic example being with sound files where the output times logged are when the sound was requested to be played by the experiment generator and most definitely not when the sound came out of the speakers from the soundcard. They delay can be hundreds of milliseconds due to soundcard start-up latency (a very well recognised and well understood phenomenon in its own right).\n\nLogically if a researcher goes out and chooses to use a version of PsychoPy and constructs an experiment today it is very unlikely that they will be able to replicate the sort of timing accuracy you did. Different equipment, different scripts, not tweaked using a Black Box ToolKit etc. But your assertion in this paper seems to say that they ‘will’ achieve great presentation, synchronisation and response timing if they somehow stick to ‘standard’ usage (whatever that is).\n\nOne analogy which springs to mind is the gas mileage car manufacturer’s claim for their vehicles. Everyone knows that they’ll never get anywhere near them in the real world. But as you say it is worth publishing as a starting point.\n\nAs I’ve said previously I’m not sure how useful ‘benchmarks’ such as these are to researchers? The inherent danger here is the researchers use papers such as this as an excuse to carry on conducting ‘lax’ research which is published regardless without doing the proper checks you would in any other science. It’s a difficult balance.\n\nTo close I should say that I’ve got nothing against PsychoPy. It may be no better or no worse than any other commercial or open source experiment generator in terms of timing accuracy. In fact I would go so far as to say that you could replace the name PsychoPy for any of the other tools out there and my comments would have been identical.\n\nDr Richard R. Plant\nTechnical Director, The Black Box ToolKit Ltd\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2015-03-13T15:52:57Z", "lastModified"=>"2015-03-13T15:52:57Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"412015"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112033", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>1, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2015-03-13T19:46:23Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>85672, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/daf710e7-2752-4b08-b48d-668c7490fb10", "title"=>"RE: RE: RE: I think your paper is based on a false premise", "body"=>"Dear Richard,\n\n first of all, we would like to say that we agree with your general concern about millisecond timing accuracy in psychology experiments:\n\nhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13428-015-0577-0\n\n We also think that every research lab where millisecond timing accuracy is needed to conduct psychology experiments should be provided with a BBTK, oscilloscope or equivalent apparatus to test each specific experimental setup used there. Using developers or companies' technical specifications as an excuse to avoid this crucial step leads to bad science, yes.\n\nThat been said, we would like to answer to some of your concerns about our work:\n\n1) We use of the term 'standard' as the opposite of \"extreme\" or \"unlikely\", not as a synonym of \"typical\". As we clearly stated in both papers, we did not try to replicate the typical scenario of a psychology experiment but used benchmarking tests. Using your cars' analogy, we were not driving on the roads, but in a crash test lab. In those crash tests, we realised that the car's safety is not compromised at 50 mph but it suffers severe damage at 100 mph or more. These tests do not prevent drivers from using safety belts, driving safe, checking tyres' air pressure, etc., but\nprovide two interesting results: a) an estimation of how safe is one car compared with others; and b) a posible outcome of an accident with that car at 50 mph (standard driving speed) and at 100 mph (high driving speed) under similar conditions. Coming back to the study of presentation accuracy of visual stimuli, we know that current benchmarks are not good at mimicing typical experimental setups, but we think that the answer to that is not stopping doing benchmarks but improving them to replicate better the scenarios to be benchmarked.\n\n2) 'Errors are errors' and previously found errors are not cancelled with the absence of errors in new tests, of course. In this study we wanted to research further on previosly found errors. PsychoPy authors said that they were caused by an old version of the software, but after these new tests we think that previous errors had to do with using an extremely high number of presentations per loop. We think that trying to discover the source of errors is important and leads to better science. We tryed to do that with this new study, but we agree with you that our benchmarks are still far from perfect. We will work on improving them, because we stronly believe that benchmarking experimental software is a good thing to do. Not only because researchers would know more about the features of experimental software, but also for experimental software developers which might be aware of unforeseen errors or corner cases and improve their tools.\n\n3) Regarding the (lack of) reliability of the error logs in PsychoPy, as we stated in our previous comment: 'We are aware of the fact that the opposite, the absence of errors of warnings from PsychoPy, it is not a proof of the absence of timing errors'. In all our tests but the ones under Linux with an Nvidia graphics adapter, PsychoPy's logs showed all presentation errors detected by the BBTK. We think that this is really good news, because errors are errors and an experimenter cannot be 100% sure that the experimental setup is error safe, even if she previously assessed its\naccuracy properly using the BBTK or similar apparatus. The opposite, a big discrepancy between BBTK and PsychoPy logs, would be a much worse scenario. So the interesting result here is that PsychoPy was able to detect its own timing errors when presenting visual stimuli. We are aware of the problems when dealing with sound files (indeed, we have tons of unpublished audio tests conducted using HTML5 audio APIs that are clearly discourageous). For that reason, we specify that we are analysing 'visual' stimuli presentation.\n\n To sum up, we agree with your corcern about the lack of properly pre-testing of experimental setups in millisecond timing psychology experiments, but we think that providing third-party benchmarks of experimental software and hardware leads to better science and not the opposite.\n\nThanks for your time.\n\nBest wishes,\nPablo Garaizar & Miguel A. Vadillo", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2015-03-13T19:46:23Z", "lastModified"=>"2015-03-13T19:46:23Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"388721"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"We are the authors of this paper"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112033", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2015-03-13T19:46:23Z", "replies"=>[]}]}]}]}

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• {"id"=>"529525504030670848", "text"=>"PsychoPyは短い呈示時間の実験でエラーが多いけど、最新バージョンでは改善されているよという論文。Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in PsychoPy: No … http://t.co/PmQSunCqb9", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T06:48:12Z", "user"=>"uranus_2", "user_name"=>"マーキュリー２世", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/520761051646676992/x2e9wBQE_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"529527930137763840", "text"=>"RT @uranus_2: PsychoPyは短い呈示時間の実験でエラーが多いけど、最新バージョンでは改善されているよという論文。Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in PsychoPy: No … http://…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T06:57:51Z", "user"=>"kosukesa", "user_name"=>"Kosuke Sawa", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1908848582/___normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"529545963463905280", "text"=>"RT @uranus_2: PsychoPyは短い呈示時間の実験でエラーが多いけど、最新バージョンでは改善されているよという論文。Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in PsychoPy: No … http://…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T08:09:30Z", "user"=>"ochiai_tetu", "user_name"=>"Tetsuji Ochiai", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/522245820020584448/z6WkFTcz_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529610095173591040", "text"=>"PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/HZxeH2LOHN", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T12:24:21Z", "user"=>"psychopy", "user_name"=>"PsychoPy", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/687183450/psychopy256_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"529610095211347968", "text"=>"PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/qapIZhPsts", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T12:24:21Z", "user"=>"peircej", "user_name"=>"Jonathan Peirce", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/371986506/img_9844_filteredx_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"529611089102000128", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/HZxeH2LOHN", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T12:28:18Z", "user"=>"tomstafford", "user_name"=>"tomstafford", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/458838046343823360/XYh-Gr8U_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529619098544533504", "text"=>"@m_wall @Neuro_Skeptic Thanks for blogging. The authors have published an updated assessment of PsychoPy in @PLOSONE: http://t.co/abfpRJ1snq", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T13:00:07Z", "user"=>"mattjhodgkinson", "user_name"=>"Matt Hodgkinson", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/512265359076777984/VnUZAxuW_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529621411254398976", "text"=>"RT @uranus_2: PsychoPyは短い呈示時間の実験でエラーが多いけど、最新バージョンでは改善されているよという論文。Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in PsychoPy: No … http://…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T13:09:19Z", "user"=>"pooneil", "user_name"=>"Masatoshi Yoshida", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/472387515869978625/N0NSUp9f_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529621763660189696", "text"=>"RT @peircej: PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/qapIZhPsts", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T13:10:43Z", "user"=>"tsawallis", "user_name"=>"Tom Wallis", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/522737735405015040/HW8Q6CXj_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529626552309276672", "text"=>"けっきょく元論文ではPsychoPyの古いバージョンで、まだベータ段階のbuilder viewを使って、検討していることが判明した。そして著者が最新版を使って検討して今度は時間の誤差はないという訂正論文を出版。効率いいな！http://t.co/ZMtvvPvGno", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T13:29:44Z", "user"=>"pooneil", "user_name"=>"Masatoshi Yoshida", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/472387515869978625/N0NSUp9f_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529626792655867904", "text"=>"New paper on @psychopy in @PLOSONE: No timing errors in standard usage.\nhttp://t.co/3tfPHkXCu7 Sweet.", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T13:30:42Z", "user"=>"m_wall", "user_name"=>"Matt Wall", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/447321956002451456/BjyZ4avd_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529632921444179969", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/HZxeH2LOHN", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T13:55:03Z", "user"=>"MarkHaselgrove", "user_name"=>"Mark Haselgrove", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2877557688/ee111104a3c2a58ae486c25a35c70874_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"529634595793149953", "text"=>"RT @m_wall: New paper on @psychopy in @PLOSONE: No timing errors in standard usage.\nhttp://t.co/3tfPHkXCu7 Sweet.", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T14:01:42Z", "user"=>"it03b", "user_name"=>"takashi", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/515456594016882688/ptwishcH_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529636824897974272", "text"=>"RT @m_wall: New paper on @psychopy in @PLOSONE: No timing errors in standard usage.\nhttp://t.co/3tfPHkXCu7 Sweet.", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T14:10:33Z", "user"=>"nishiokov", "user_name"=>"Yoshiyuki Nishio", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000822817547/53312076301819a511615bea675ef5ad_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529636890886955010", "text"=>"RT @pooneil: けっきょく元論文ではPsychoPyの古いバージョンで、まだベータ段階のbuilder viewを使って、検討していることが判明した。そして著者が最新版を使って検討して今度は時間の誤差はないという訂正論文を出版。効率いいな！http://t.co/ZM…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T14:10:49Z", "user"=>"nishiokov", "user_name"=>"Yoshiyuki Nishio", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000822817547/53312076301819a511615bea675ef5ad_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529637290889326593", "text"=>"RT @uranus_2: PsychoPyは短い呈示時間の実験でエラーが多いけど、最新バージョンでは改善されているよという論文。Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in PsychoPy: No … http://…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T14:12:25Z", "user"=>"nishiokov", "user_name"=>"Yoshiyuki Nishio", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000822817547/53312076301819a511615bea675ef5ad_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529637514319912960", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/HZxeH2LOHN", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T14:13:18Z", "user"=>"nishiokov", "user_name"=>"Yoshiyuki Nishio", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000822817547/53312076301819a511615bea675ef5ad_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529655301864443904", "text"=>"Top story: PLOS ONE: Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in Psycho… http://t.co/6PSywFwZpx, see more http://t.co/qtkv0K5nI1", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T15:23:59Z", "user"=>"alexrodrigues43", "user_name"=>"Alex Rodrigues", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/453527996066836480/7XMzCco6_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529673741648015361", "text"=>"RT @m_wall: New paper on @psychopy in @PLOSONE: No timing errors in standard usage.\nhttp://t.co/3tfPHkXCu7 Sweet.", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T16:37:15Z", "user"=>"BR_Innes", "user_name"=>"Bobby R. Innes", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/521385147946393600/BbfOJT5X_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529711557832212480", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/HZxeH2LOHN", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T19:07:31Z", "user"=>"Sakkaden", "user_name"=>"Michael MacAskill", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1746967458/2hfl05i_insect_normal.gif"}
• {"id"=>"529726451000827907", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/HZxeH2LOHN", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T20:06:42Z", "user"=>"stephenbenning", "user_name"=>"Stephen Benning", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3162370450/3eeb80070a63771655f8382a702ec16d_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529734970412384259", "text"=>"Paper published in @PLOSONE: Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in @PsychoPy: No Timing Errors... - http://t.co/ASl5dfICzM", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T20:40:33Z", "user"=>"PGaraizar", "user_name"=>"Pablo Garaizar", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/523496365616160768/eiluaQ7h_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529739700610007041", "text"=>"@mavadillo: here we are again ;) RT: @PGaraizar: Paper published in @PLOSONE: http://t.co/HVYN9XKZzF", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T20:59:21Z", "user"=>"txipi", "user_name"=>"txipi", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1245238537/txipi-hub_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"529740123152592897", "text"=>"RT @txipi: @mavadillo: here we are again ;) RT: @PGaraizar: Paper published in @PLOSONE: http://t.co/HVYN9XKZzF", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T21:01:02Z", "user"=>"mavadillo", "user_name"=>"Miguel A. Vadillo", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3639907780/b62b048cae3ee1ed5996527a8bfdb875_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529741228712398848", "text"=>"RT @txipi: @mavadillo: here we are again ;) RT: @PGaraizar: Paper published in @PLOSONE: http://t.co/HVYN9XKZzF", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T21:05:25Z", "user"=>"twitemp1", "user_name"=>"Esther Mondragón", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2764412831/dc765ecab3d2b35b2d6f282b6127cbfd_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529744947831111681", "text"=>"RT @PGaraizar: Paper published in @PLOSONE: Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in @PsychoPy: No Timing Errors... - http://t.c…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T21:20:12Z", "user"=>"PLOSONE", "user_name"=>"PLOS ONE", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2429958559/mzjl6as5u2m09r2erof6_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529745120967790593", "text"=>"RT @PGaraizar: Paper published in @PLOSONE: Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in @PsychoPy: No Timing Errors... - http://t.c…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T21:20:53Z", "user"=>"fran_mosteiro", "user_name"=>"Fran Mosteiro", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/520643020153421824/4wUk7Aq2_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"529746992852119552", "text"=>"RT @PGaraizar: Paper published in @PLOSONE: Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in @PsychoPy: No Timing Errors... - http://t.c…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T21:28:19Z", "user"=>"Dr_N_Butcher", "user_name"=>"Dr Natalie Butcher", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000542187230/6cc8e79723c171485b6cec73810088e5_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529748379967193089", "text"=>"RT @PGaraizar: Paper published in @PLOSONE: Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in @PsychoPy: No Timing Errors... - http://t.c…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T21:33:50Z", "user"=>"HelenaMatute", "user_name"=>"Helena Matute", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1645574825/hm2a_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"529772421918621697", "text"=>"RT @uranus_2: PsychoPyは短い呈示時間の実験でエラーが多いけど、最新バージョンでは改善されているよという論文。Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in PsychoPy: No … http://…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-04T23:09:22Z", "user"=>"melonsode", "user_name"=>"野澤真一", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2855854236/d7f26a583686748f0baff34f2b2a84e3_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529840891578429440", "text"=>"RT @uranus_2: PsychoPyは短い呈示時間の実験でエラーが多いけど、最新バージョンでは改善されているよという論文。Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in PsychoPy: No … http://…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-05T03:41:27Z", "user"=>"ringoame8200", "user_name"=>"riseki", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1291213466/applecandy_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"529843971262935040", "text"=>"RT @uranus_2: PsychoPyは短い呈示時間の実験でエラーが多いけど、最新バージョンでは改善されているよという論文。Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in PsychoPy: No … http://…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-05T03:53:41Z", "user"=>"nojo_k", "user_name"=>"アナとゆキノジョー", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3089766778/2e273842d7778a03fc15d7ff0f19024f_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"529926738672099328", "text"=>"RT @PGaraizar: Paper published in @PLOSONE: Accuracy and Precision of Visual Stimulus Timing in @PsychoPy: No Timing Errors... - http://t.c…", "created_at"=>"2014-11-05T09:22:34Z", "user"=>"TheAVA_UK", "user_name"=>"The AVA", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/482161274332016640/xWmN4ngA_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"529927712853725184", "text"=>".@psychopy vindicated? No problems with presentation and its free. http://t.co/u4JfiLS7Tb via @PGaraizar #psychology", "created_at"=>"2014-11-05T09:26:26Z", "user"=>"EmirEfen", "user_name"=>"Emir Efendic", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/520329069603610624/iwGtvDhk_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"530368643688062976", "text"=>"RT @peircej: PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/qapIZhPsts", "created_at"=>"2014-11-06T14:38:33Z", "user"=>"mavadillo", "user_name"=>"Miguel A. Vadillo", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3639907780/b62b048cae3ee1ed5996527a8bfdb875_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"534307888249204736", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/HZxeH2LOHN", "created_at"=>"2014-11-17T11:31:42Z", "user"=>"dagmarfraser", "user_name"=>"Dagmar Fraser", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/473118470888906752/yRId5ufz_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"541948909338103808", "text"=>"@ahoejlund @AliceProverbio @psychopy Also see the follow-up study http://t.co/abfpRJSfLC", "created_at"=>"2014-12-08T13:34:23Z", "user"=>"mattjhodgkinson", "user_name"=>"Matt Hodgkinson", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/512265359076777984/VnUZAxuW_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"541950850034597888", "text"=>"RT @mattjhodgkinson: @ahoejlund @AliceProverbio @psychopy Also see the follow-up study http://t.co/abfpRJSfLC", "created_at"=>"2014-12-08T13:42:06Z", "user"=>"AliceProverbio", "user_name"=>"Alice Proverbio", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2223521989/nave_normal.JPG"}
• {"id"=>"541956800929865730", "text"=>"RT @mattjhodgkinson: @ahoejlund @AliceProverbio @psychopy Also see the follow-up study http://t.co/abfpRJSfLC", "created_at"=>"2014-12-08T14:05:45Z", "user"=>"ahoejlund", "user_name"=>"Andreas Højlund", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/438242829878714368/V3M6UoSz_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"541995516754935809", "text"=>"@nickwan please read the comments section on that (very flawed) paper and please read the follow-up by same authors http://t.co/HZxeH3CC5Z", "created_at"=>"2014-12-08T16:39:35Z", "user"=>"psychopy", "user_name"=>"PsychoPy", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/687183450/psychopy256_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"542001898312564736", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: @nickwan please read the comments section on that (very flawed) paper and please read the follow-up by same authors http://t.…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-08T17:04:57Z", "user"=>"nickwan", "user_name"=>"Nick Wan", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/537691696642129920/oHMBJqbM_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"542419950527188994", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/HZxeH2LOHN", "created_at"=>"2014-12-09T20:46:08Z", "user"=>"ahoejlund", "user_name"=>"Andreas Højlund", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/438242829878714368/V3M6UoSz_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"545180629554696192", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/HZxeH2LOHN", "created_at"=>"2014-12-17T11:36:05Z", "user"=>"MaciekSzul", "user_name"=>"Maciek Szul", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000731925811/391604f09bb6cb6e57884e0567a01958_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"545184556656386048", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: PsychoPy stimulus timing vindicated: http://t.co/HZxeH2LOHN", "created_at"=>"2014-12-17T11:51:42Z", "user"=>"ethanweed", "user_name"=>"Ethan Weed", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1120988058/n170_normal.JPG"}
• {"id"=>"696293479585091585", "text"=>"@EmirEfen @cedricbatailler @JimGrange The authors of that PLOS ONE paper wrote a further (confirming good timing) https://t.co/p9LEEwXrBT", "created_at"=>"2016-02-07T11:24:36Z", "user"=>"psychopy", "user_name"=>"PsychoPy", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/687183450/psychopy256_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"696293479727628290", "text"=>"@EmirEfen @cedricbatailler @JimGrange The authors of that PLOS ONE paper wrote a further (confirming good timing) https://t.co/qbQiIZGy9Z", "created_at"=>"2016-02-07T11:24:36Z", "user"=>"peircej", "user_name"=>"Jonathan Peirce", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/371986506/img_9844_filteredx_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"697852981534916609", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: @EmirEfen @cedricbatailler @JimGrange The authors of that PLOS ONE paper wrote a further (confirming good timing) https://t.c…", "created_at"=>"2016-02-11T18:41:30Z", "user"=>"m_wall", "user_name"=>"Matt Wall", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/447321956002451456/BjyZ4avd_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"697858966588690432", "text"=>"@field_matt turns out psychopy is actually good now... thankfully! https://t.co/n2zHB84eKR", "created_at"=>"2016-02-11T19:05:17Z", "user"=>"ajj_1988", "user_name"=>"Andrew Jones", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/672782273884893184/UIsDV9j4_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"697863374533758976", "text"=>"RT @ajj_1988: @field_matt turns out psychopy is actually good now... thankfully! https://t.co/n2zHB84eKR", "created_at"=>"2016-02-11T19:22:48Z", "user"=>"field_matt", "user_name"=>"Matt Field", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/665927238701948928/rvrzQVcW_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"697867694100631553", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: @EmirEfen @cedricbatailler @JimGrange The authors of that PLOS ONE paper wrote a further (confirming good timing) https://t.c…", "created_at"=>"2016-02-11T19:39:58Z", "user"=>"d_soto_b", "user_name"=>"David Soto", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/541359581616566272/pgyaXe4u_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"720302408891572224", "text"=>"@PratherLab @jpeelle Read the comments on that paper and this follow up https://t.co/p9LEEwXrBT\nProblem was with programmer *not* programme", "created_at"=>"2016-04-13T17:27:31Z", "user"=>"psychopy", "user_name"=>"PsychoPy", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/687183450/psychopy256_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"720303624081965057", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: @PratherLab @jpeelle Read the comments on that paper and this follow up https://t.co/p9LEEwXrBT\nProblem was with programmer *…", "created_at"=>"2016-04-13T17:32:21Z", "user"=>"neuromusic", "user_name"=>"Justin Kiggins", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/629154972622389248/xH8HmWaY_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"720304697366581250", "text"=>"RT @psychopy: @PratherLab @jpeelle Read the comments on that paper and this follow up https://t.co/p9LEEwXrBT\nProblem was with programmer *…", "created_at"=>"2016-04-13T17:36:37Z", "user"=>"jpeelle", "user_name"=>"Jonathan Peelle", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1649546185/photo_small_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"720308621679202304", "text"=>"Important to read comments, and follow up study showing excellent timing of @psychopy https://t.co/1WWvBcVkqF https://t.co/purkLDdWWn", "created_at"=>"2016-04-13T17:52:12Z", "user"=>"jpeelle", "user_name"=>"Jonathan Peelle", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1649546185/photo_small_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"720341412869332992", "text"=>"RT @jpeelle: Important to read comments, and follow up study showing excellent timing of @psychopy https://t.co/1WWvBcVkqF https://t.co/pu…", "created_at"=>"2016-04-13T20:02:30Z", "user"=>"arokem", "user_name"=>"Ariel Rokem", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/460255201329303552/n37z41Bg_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"720380276606689280", "text"=>"RT @jpeelle: Important to read comments, and follow up study showing excellent timing of @psychopy https://t.co/1WWvBcVkqF https://t.co/pu…", "created_at"=>"2016-04-13T22:36:56Z", "user"=>"ed_berry", "user_name"=>"Ed Berry", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/716386089800482816/NOvrj-Ur_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"720534670451032064", "text"=>"Confusion on @psychopy's timing today on Twitter! Paper claimed it wasn't ok, but authors later rectified mistake: https://t.co/axgvybZDPy", "created_at"=>"2016-04-14T08:50:26Z", "user"=>"esdalmaijer", "user_name"=>"Edwin Dalmaijer", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/460071481012011008/gzGI-yze_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"859336093573021696", "text"=>"@NicoleRPrause @stephenbenning Do read the follow-up paper (=good timing) https://t.co/p9LEEwXrBT In their previous… https://t.co/HlEfIui4z6", "created_at"=>"2017-05-02T09:17:45Z", "user"=>"psychopy", "user_name"=>"PsychoPy", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/687183450/psychopy256_normal.png"}

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Figshare

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PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

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Relative Metric

{"start_date"=>"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z", "end_date"=>"2014-12-31T00:00:00Z", "subject_areas"=>[{"subject_area"=>"/Computer and information sciences/Computing methods", "average_usage"=>[303, 560]}]}

F1000Prime