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{"title"=>"Evidence for antigenic seniority in influenza A (H3N2) antibody responses in southern China", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Justin", "last_name"=>"Lessler", "scopus_author_id"=>"22951309100"}, {"first_name"=>"Steven", "last_name"=>"Riley", "scopus_author_id"=>"7102619416"}, {"first_name"=>"Jonathan M.", "last_name"=>"Read", "scopus_author_id"=>"36761595400"}, {"first_name"=>"Shuying", "last_name"=>"Wang", "scopus_author_id"=>"51261625200"}, {"first_name"=>"Huachen", "last_name"=>"Zhu", "scopus_author_id"=>"25724029300"}, {"first_name"=>"Gavin J.D.", "last_name"=>"Smith", "scopus_author_id"=>"8344015800"}, {"first_name"=>"Yi", "last_name"=>"Guan", "scopus_author_id"=>"7202924055"}, {"first_name"=>"Chao Qiang", "last_name"=>"Jiang", "scopus_author_id"=>"10639500500"}, {"first_name"=>"Derek A.T.", "last_name"=>"Cummings", "scopus_author_id"=>"9842706300"}], "year"=>2012, "source"=>"PLoS Pathogens", "identifiers"=>{"scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84864612944", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802", "sgr"=>"84864612944", "isbn"=>"1553-7374 (Electronic)\\n1553-7366 (Linking)", "pmid"=>"22829765", "issn"=>"15537366", "pui"=>"365384954"}, "id"=>"5c4e33af-2a6f-3069-85d8-53ae0843096b", "abstract"=>"A key observation about the human immune response to repeated exposure to influenza A is that the first strain infecting an individual apparently produces the strongest adaptive immune response. Although antibody titers measure that response, the interpretation of titers to multiple strains--from the same sera--in terms of infection history is clouded by age effects, cross reactivity and immune waning. From July to September 2009, we collected serum samples from 151 residents of Guangdong Province, China, 7 to 81 years of age. Neutralization tests were performed against strains representing six antigenic clusters of H3N2 influenza circulating between 1968 and 2008, and three recent locally circulating strains. Patterns of neutralization titers were compared based on age at time of testing and age at time of the first isolation of each virus. Neutralization titers were highest for H3N2 strains that circulated in an individual's first decade of life (peaking at 7 years). Further, across strains and ages at testing, statistical models strongly supported a pattern of titers declining smoothly with age at the time a strain was first isolated. Those born 10 or more years after a strain emerged generally had undetectable neutralization titers to that strain (<1:10). Among those over 60 at time of testing, titers tended to increase with age. The observed pattern in H3N2 neutralization titers can be characterized as one of antigenic seniority: repeated exposure and the immune response combine to produce antibody titers that are higher to more 'senior' strains encountered earlier in life.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/evidence-antigenic-seniority-influenza-h3n2-antibody-responses-southern-china", "reader_count"=>78, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>5, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>2, "Researcher"=>29, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>20, "Student > Postgraduate"=>1, "Student > Master"=>12, "Other"=>1, "Student > Bachelor"=>6, "Lecturer"=>1}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>5, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>2, "Researcher"=>29, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>20, "Student > Postgraduate"=>1, "Student > Master"=>12, "Other"=>1, "Student > Bachelor"=>6, "Lecturer"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>6, "Environmental Science"=>1, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>4, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>1, "Mathematics"=>8, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>33, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>13, "Neuroscience"=>1, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>1, "Social Sciences"=>2, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>7, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>13}, "Neuroscience"=>{"Neuroscience"=>1}, "Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>2}, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>{"Immunology and Microbiology"=>7}, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>{"Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>1}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>33}, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>{"Nursing and Health Professions"=>1}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>4}, "Mathematics"=>{"Mathematics"=>8}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>6}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>1}, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>{"Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>1}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Vietnam"=>1, "Belgium"=>1, "United States"=>3, "United Kingdom"=>2}, "group_count"=>4}

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• {"id"=>"226683431101288448", "text"=>"Fascinating: Evidence for Antigenic Seniority in Influenza A (H3N2) Antibody Responses in Southern China #PLoS http://t.co/LPvbLr0H", "created_at"=>"2012-07-21T14:21:56Z", "user"=>"HartleyDM", "user_name"=>"David Hartley", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2397123709/3b7wxfgdmv44humufmyh_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"227823121258905600", "text"=>"Original antigenic sin and antigenic seniority in influenza tested via @HartleyDM http://t.co/s9whMIao", "created_at"=>"2012-07-24T17:50:39Z", "user"=>"Profmicro", "user_name"=>"Steven Hecht", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1272459173/hecht3_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"240488370508271617", "text"=>"RT @IGHLiverpool: Evidence for Antigenic Seniority in Influenza A (H3N2) Antibody Responses in Southern China http://t.co/THM9R5De", "created_at"=>"2012-08-28T16:37:50Z", "user"=>"IBT_Bioservices", "user_name"=>"IBT Bioservices", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1848251991/Picture3_normal.png"}

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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317112", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317124", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317182", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317232", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317321", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317382", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317433", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317479", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317528", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317573", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317613", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317649", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317699", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/317763"], "description"=>"<div><p>A key observation about the human immune response to repeated exposure to influenza A is that the first strain infecting an individual apparently produces the strongest adaptive immune response. Although antibody titers measure that response, the interpretation of titers to multiple strains – from the same sera – in terms of infection history is clouded by age effects, cross reactivity and immune waning. From July to September 2009, we collected serum samples from 151 residents of Guangdong Province, China, 7 to 81 years of age. Neutralization tests were performed against strains representing six antigenic clusters of H3N2 influenza circulating between 1968 and 2008, and three recent locally circulating strains. Patterns of neutralization titers were compared based on age at time of testing and age at time of the first isolation of each virus. Neutralization titers were highest for H3N2 strains that circulated in an individual's first decade of life (peaking at 7 years). Further, across strains and ages at testing, statistical models strongly supported a pattern of titers declining smoothly with age at the time a strain was first isolated. Those born 10 or more years after a strain emerged generally had undetectable neutralization titers to that strain (<1∶10). Among those over 60 at time of testing, titers tended to increase with age. The observed pattern in H3N2 neutralization titers can be characterized as one of antigenic seniority: repeated exposure and the immune response combine to produce antibody titers that are higher to more ‘senior’ strains encountered earlier in life.</p> </div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Population biology", "Population Dynamics", "Disease dynamics", "antigenic", "seniority", "influenza", "antibody", "responses", "china"], "article_id"=>122597, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Justin Lessler", "Steven Riley", "Jonathan M. Read", "Shuying Wang", "Huachen Zhu", "Gavin J. D. Smith", "Yi Guan", "Chao Qiang Jiang", "Derek A. T. Cummings"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s001", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s002", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s003", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s004", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s005", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s006", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s007", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s008", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s009", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s010", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s011", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s012", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s013", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.s014"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/Evidence_for_Antigenic_Seniority_in_Influenza_A_H3N2_Antibody_Responses_in_Southern_China/122597", "title"=>"Evidence for Antigenic Seniority in Influenza A (H3N2) Antibody Responses in Southern China", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>4, "published_date"=>"2012-07-19 00:43:17"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/607237"], "description"=>"<p>Purple lines show smoothed results (LOESS curves, span = 0.25, Gaussian distribution family). Orange lines and shaded regions show predictions and 95% confidence intervals from a log-linear model of neutralization titers where the effect of age at time of isolation and age at time of testing is the same across strains.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Population biology", "Population Dynamics", "Disease dynamics", "titers", "strains", "h3n2", "1968", "2008", "viruses", "tested", "shows", "shifted"], "article_id"=>277703, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Justin Lessler", "Steven Riley", "Jonathan M. Read", "Shuying Wang", "Huachen Zhu", "Gavin J. D. Smith", "Yi Guan", "Chao Qiang Jiang", "Derek A. T. Cummings"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.g001"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Neutralization_titers_to_strains_of_H3N2_from_1968_to_2008_by_age_at_time_of_testing_left_and_age_at_time_of_isolation_of_each_of_the_viruses_tested_right_i_e_the_right_panel_shows_values_in_the_left_panel_age_shifted_by_year_of_strain_circulation_/277703", "title"=>"Neutralization titers to strains of H3N2 from 1968 to 2008 by age at time of testing (left) and age at time of isolation of each of the viruses tested (right) (i.e., the right panel shows values in the left panel age shifted by year of strain circulation).", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2012-07-19 02:08:23"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/607349"], "description"=>"<p>(A) Geometric mean of neutralization titer for each strain by birth cohort. Points are only shown if more than half of the birth years in the indicated range occurred after strain isolation (i.e., most of that cohort was alive to be exposed to the given strain). (B) Relative mean log-titer of the given birth cohort compared to all those old enough to be exposed to the given strain. Note that the pattern of increasing maximum titer by birth cohort is a result of the larger pool of individuals with which they are compared (e.g., the <1968 birth cohort is only compared with itself for A/Hong Kong/1968, while the 1978–1987 cohort is compared to all of those born before 1989 for A/Beijing/1989). Points are only shown if more than half of the birth years in the indicated range occurred after strain isolation.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Population biology", "Population Dynamics", "Disease dynamics", "cohort"], "article_id"=>277834, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Justin Lessler", "Steven Riley", "Jonathan M. Read", "Shuying Wang", "Huachen Zhu", "Gavin J. D. Smith", "Yi Guan", "Chao Qiang Jiang", "Derek A. T. Cummings"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.g002"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_The_relationship_between_birth_cohort_and_mean_log_titer_/277834", "title"=>"The relationship between birth cohort and mean log titer.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2012-07-19 02:10:34"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/607484"], "description"=>"<p>Strains have shared distributions for the effect of (A) age at time of testing (range 10 to 80, data ranges from 7 to 81) and (B) age at the time when the given strain was isolated (range −30 to 80, data range −34 to 80). Each strain has an independent intercept (C). Relative log titers show the linear change in log neutralization titers compared to the model prediction for the (A) lowest age at time of testing, (B) lowest age at time of strain isolation and (C) A/Hong Kong/1968 (the first strain isolated).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Population biology", "Population Dynamics", "Disease dynamics", "neutralization"], "article_id"=>277963, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Justin Lessler", "Steven Riley", "Jonathan M. Read", "Shuying Wang", "Huachen Zhu", "Gavin J. D. Smith", "Yi Guan", "Chao Qiang Jiang", "Derek A. T. Cummings"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.g003"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Statistical_model_of_neutralization_titers_/277963", "title"=>"Statistical model of neutralization titers.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2012-07-19 02:12:43"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/607626"], "description"=>"<p>Each individual's titers are represented as a row, and individuals are sorted from youngest (on bottom) to oldest (on top). Darker shading indicates a higher neutralization titer.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Population biology", "Population Dynamics", "Disease dynamics", "neutralization", "titers", "151", "individuals", "strains"], "article_id"=>278103, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Justin Lessler", "Steven Riley", "Jonathan M. Read", "Shuying Wang", "Huachen Zhu", "Gavin J. D. Smith", "Yi Guan", "Chao Qiang Jiang", "Derek A. T. Cummings"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.g004"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Heat_map_of_neutralization_titers_from_all_151_individuals_to_each_of_the_strains_tested_/278103", "title"=>"Heat-map of neutralization titers from all 151 individuals to each of the strains tested.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2012-07-19 02:15:03"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/607713"], "description"=>"<p>P-values are based on a chi-squared test for differences between the distribution of those who did and did not provide a blood sample. Only those who provided a sample are included in the present analysis.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Population biology", "Population Dynamics", "Disease dynamics", "vaccination"], "article_id"=>278191, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Justin Lessler", "Steven Riley", "Jonathan M. Read", "Shuying Wang", "Huachen Zhu", "Gavin J. D. Smith", "Yi Guan", "Chao Qiang Jiang", "Derek A. T. Cummings"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002802.t001"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Demographics_and_history_of_vaccination_and_recent_illness_among_study_participants_/278191", "title"=>"Demographics and history of vaccination and recent illness among study participants.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2012-07-19 02:16:31"}

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

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