ALM

Determinants of Brain Cell Metabolic Phenotypes and Energy Substrate Utilization Unraveled with a Modeling Approach

Publication Date: September 13, 2012
Journal: PLOS Computational Biology
Authors: Aitana Neves, Robert Costalat & Luc Pellerin
Volume: 8
Issue: 9
Pages: e1002686
DOI: https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686
Publisher URL: http://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1002686
PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23028284
PubMed Central: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3441424
Europe PMC: http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/23028284
Web of Science: 000309510900023
Scopus: 84866951498
Mendeley: http://www.mendeley.com/research/determinants-brain-cell-metabolic-phenotypes-energy-substrate-utilization-unraveled-modeling-approac

Loading …

Events

Loading …

CiteULike 219 May 02:15 UTC

CiteULike | Further Information

Mendeley 2217 Apr 22:15 UTC

Mendeley | Further Information

{"title"=>"Determinants of Brain Cell Metabolic Phenotypes and Energy Substrate Utilization Unraveled with a Modeling Approach", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Aitana", "last_name"=>"Neves", "scopus_author_id"=>"54796834000"}, {"first_name"=>"Robert", "last_name"=>"Costalat", "scopus_author_id"=>"6601988558"}, {"first_name"=>"Luc", "last_name"=>"Pellerin", "scopus_author_id"=>"7006987317"}], "year"=>2012, "source"=>"PLoS Computational Biology", "identifiers"=>{"sgr"=>"84866951498", "isbn"=>"1553-734X", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84866951498", "pui"=>"365755957", "pmid"=>"23028284", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686", "issn"=>"1553734X"}, "id"=>"91aadd82-58bb-3c2d-85fb-72bebc24404e", "abstract"=>"Although all brain cells bear in principle a comparable potential in terms of energetics, in reality they exhibit different metabolic profiles. The specific biochemical characteristics explaining such disparities and their relative importance are largely unknown. Using a modeling approach, we show that modifying the kinetic parameters of pyruvate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial NADH shuttling within a realistic interval can yield a striking switch in lactate flux direction. In this context, cells having essentially an oxidative profile exhibit pronounced extracellular lactate uptake and consumption. However, they can be turned into cells with prominent aerobic glycolysis by selectively reducing the aforementioned parameters. In the case of primarily oxidative cells, we also examined the role of glycolysis and lactate transport in providing pyruvate to mitochondria in order to sustain oxidative phosphorylation. The results show that changes in lactate transport capacity and extracellular lactate concentration within the range described experimentally can sustain enhanced oxidative metabolism upon activation. Such a demonstration provides key elements to understand why certain brain cell types constitutively adopt a particular metabolic profile and how specific features can be altered under different physiological and pathological conditions in order to face evolving energy demands.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/determinants-brain-cell-metabolic-phenotypes-energy-substrate-utilization-unraveled-modeling-approac", "reader_count"=>22, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>1, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>1, "Researcher"=>12, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>4, "Student > Master"=>1, "Student > Bachelor"=>1, "Professor"=>1}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>1, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>1, "Researcher"=>12, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>4, "Student > Master"=>1, "Student > Bachelor"=>1, "Professor"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>2, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>2, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>12, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>2, "Neuroscience"=>1, "Physics and Astronomy"=>2, "Psychology"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>2}, "Neuroscience"=>{"Neuroscience"=>1}, "Physics and Astronomy"=>{"Physics and Astronomy"=>2}, "Psychology"=>{"Psychology"=>1}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>12}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>2}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>2}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Colombia"=>1, "Italy"=>1}, "group_count"=>0}

ORCID 104 Apr 18:01 UTC

Scopus | Further Information

{"@_fa"=>"true", "link"=>[{"@_fa"=>"true", "@ref"=>"self", "@href"=>"https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84866951498"}, {"@_fa"=>"true", "@ref"=>"author-affiliation", "@href"=>"https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84866951498?field=author,affiliation"}, {"@_fa"=>"true", "@ref"=>"scopus", "@href"=>"https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=84866951498&origin=inward"}, {"@_fa"=>"true", "@ref"=>"scopus-citedby", "@href"=>"https://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=84866951498&origin=inward"}], "prism:url"=>"https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84866951498", "dc:identifier"=>"SCOPUS_ID:84866951498", "eid"=>"2-s2.0-84866951498", "dc:title"=>"Determinants of Brain Cell Metabolic Phenotypes and Energy Substrate Utilization Unraveled with a Modeling Approach", "dc:creator"=>"Neves A.", "prism:publicationName"=>"PLoS Computational Biology", "prism:issn"=>"1553734X", "prism:eIssn"=>"15537358", "prism:volume"=>"8", "prism:issueIdentifier"=>"9", "prism:pageRange"=>nil, "prism:coverDate"=>"2012-09-01", "prism:coverDisplayDate"=>"September 2012", "prism:doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686", "citedby-count"=>"13", "affiliation"=>[{"@_fa"=>"true", "affilname"=>"Université de Lausanne (UNIL)", "affiliation-city"=>"Lausanne", "affiliation-country"=>"Switzerland"}], "pubmed-id"=>"23028284", "prism:aggregationType"=>"Journal", "subtype"=>"ar", "subtypeDescription"=>"Article", "article-number"=>"e1002686", "source-id"=>"4000151810", "openaccess"=>"1", "openaccessFlag"=>true, "freetoread"=>{"value"=>[{"$"=>"all"}, {"$"=>"publisherfullgold"}, {"$"=>"repository"}, {"$"=>"repositoryvor"}, {"$"=>"repositoryam"}]}, "freetoreadLabel"=>{"value"=>[{"$"=>"All Open Access"}, {"$"=>"Gold"}, {"$"=>"Green"}]}}

Web of Science®11 Feb 11:00 UTC

Web of Science® | Further Information

Article Coverage18 May 19:11 UTC

Article Coverage

Article Coverage Curated28 Feb 04:13 UTC

Article Coverage Curated

Facebook31 Jul 04:10 UTC

Facebook

{"url"=>"http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.plos.org%2Fploscompbiol%2Farticle%3Fid%3D10.1371%252Fjournal.pcbi.1002686", "share_count"=>0, "like_count"=>0, "comment_count"=>0, "click_count"=>0, "total_count"=>0}

Journal Comments22 Oct 19:16 UTC

Journal Comments

Nature27 Apr 10:46 UTC

Nature

Reddit17 May 12:24 UTC

Research Blogging06 May 09:17 UTC

Research Blogging

ScienceSeeker13 Jul 14:17 UTC

ScienceSeeker | Further Information

Twitter23 Feb 08:35 UTC

Twitter

Wikipedia17 Mar 08:10 UTC

Wikipedia

Wordpress.com18 Nov 17:43 UTC

Wordpress.com | Further Information

Counter 414027 Feb 22:29 UTC

Counter

{"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2012", "pdf_views"=>"44", "xml_views"=>"12", "html_views"=>"511"}
{"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2012", "pdf_views"=>"66", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"325"}
{"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2012", "pdf_views"=>"22", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"55"}
{"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2012", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"41"}
{"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"95"}
{"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"370"}
{"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"79"}
{"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"66"}
{"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"57"}
{"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"67"}
{"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"60"}
{"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"58"}
{"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"13", "xml_views"=>"4", "html_views"=>"73"}
{"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"102"}
{"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"46"}
{"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"55"}
{"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"73"}
{"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"74"}
{"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"62"}
{"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"44"}
{"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"34"}
{"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"24"}
{"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"25"}
{"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"26"}
{"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"28"}
{"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"48"}
{"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"29"}
{"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"17"}
{"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"13"}
{"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"32"}
{"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"11"}
{"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"27"}
{"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"21"}
{"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"19"}
{"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"16"}
{"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"18"}
{"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"14"}
{"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"0", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"19"}
{"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"15"}
{"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"14"}
{"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"24"}
{"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"10"}
{"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"21"}
{"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"28"}
{"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"20"}
{"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"46"}
{"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"9"}
{"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"21"}
{"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"23"}
{"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"21"}
{"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"11"}
{"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"20"}
{"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"6"}
{"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"27"}
{"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"17"}
{"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"33"}
{"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"37"}
{"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"22"}
{"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"17"}
{"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"7"}
{"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"13"}
{"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"27"}
{"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"26"}
{"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"20"}
{"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"11"}
{"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"9"}
{"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"6"}
{"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"2"}
{"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"5"}
{"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"10"}
{"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"0", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"8"}
{"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"4"}
{"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"7"}
{"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"12"}
{"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"0", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"11"}
{"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"3"}
{"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"3"}
{"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"8"}
{"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"4", "html_views"=>"3"}
{"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"3"}
{"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"3"}
{"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"4"}
{"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"6"}
{"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"17"}
{"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"7"}
{"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"3"}
{"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"1"}
{"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"1"}
{"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"2"}
{"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"3"}
{"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"7"}
{"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"3"}
{"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"2"}
{"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"1"}
{"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"4"}
{"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"3"}
{"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"1"}
{"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"13"}
{"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"1"}
{"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"1"}
{"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2021", "pdf_views"=>"0", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"2"}
{"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2021", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"3"}

Figshare 11802 Apr 20:17 UTC

Figshare

{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/576968"], "description"=>"(A) As a starting point, it was assumed that lactate transport and glycolysis contribute 43% and 57%, respectively, to oxidative phosphorylation (r = 0.75 <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-Nehlig1\" target=\"_blank\">[29]</a>). Lactate transport was then stimulated by increasing vmax,MCT and Le in the range 0–80%. The iso-curves show JPDH normalized to its basal value (as a measure of oxidative phosphorylation). Note that in parallel, vmax,PDH and kshuttle were multiplied by a factor f = 1.3, while the glycolytic flux remained fixed to its basal level. In all regions, the ratio <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-Siegel1\" target=\"_blank\">[32]</a> and <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-Hung1\" target=\"_blank\">[34]</a>. (B) As in (A), but f = 1.7. (C) As in (A), but r = 2.2 <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-Hyder1\" target=\"_blank\">[28]</a>. (D) As in (A), but r = 2.2 <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-Hyder1\" target=\"_blank\">[28]</a> and f = 1.7. See Description of the model for equations and Choice of parameters for parameters.", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["lactate", "oxidative", "phosphorylation"], "article_id"=>247463, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Neuroscience"], "users"=>["Aitana Neves", "Robert Costalat", "Luc Pellerin"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.g003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>12, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Importance_of_lactate_transport_for_oxidative_phosphorylation_in_oxidative_cells_/247463", "title"=>"Importance of lactate transport for oxidative phosphorylation in oxidative cells.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2012-09-13 02:04:23"}
{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/576805"], "description"=>"Glucose undergoes glycolysis and all resulting pyruvate is either further metabolized by PDH or converted to lactate by LDH before being transported out of the cell. On the other hand, lactate can be transported into the cell and then metabolized into pyruvate by LDH. Because these processes require NAD+/NADH, we also modeled the “recycling\" shuttle of NADH to NAD+ by mitochondria. The red arrow shows the metabolism of a typical predominantly glycolytic cell, characterized by lactate export; the blue arrow shows a typical oxidative phenotype, where both glucose and lactate import contribute to oxidative phosphorylation. Abbreviations: Le, extracellular lactate; Li, intracellular lactate; P, pyruvate; NADH, reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide; Glc, glucose; JMCT, transmembrane flux of lactate via MCTs; Jshuttle, flux of NADH to NAD+ “recycling\" by the mitochondria; Jglyco, glycolytic flux; JLDH, metabolic flux via LDH; JPDH, metabolic flux via PDH.", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["describing", "simplified", "energetics"], "article_id"=>247299, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Neuroscience"], "users"=>["Aitana Neves", "Robert Costalat", "Luc Pellerin"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>8, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Model_describing_the_simplified_energetics_of_brain_cells_/247299", "title"=>"Model describing the simplified energetics of brain cells.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2012-09-13 02:01:39"}
{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/577132"], "description"=>"Increases of oxidative metabolism, JPDH, obtained with distinct ratios of lactate/glycolysis-derived pyruvate, r, and different increases in lactate transport flux, γ (cf. <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686.e017\" target=\"_blank\">Eq. (1)</a>). Roman: below 10%; italic: between 10 and 29%; boldface: above 29%.", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["lactate"], "article_id"=>247636, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Neuroscience"], "users"=>["Aitana Neves", "Robert Costalat", "Luc Pellerin"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.t001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>3, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Importance_of_lactate_transport_regulation_/247636", "title"=>"Importance of lactate transport regulation.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2012-09-13 02:07:16"}
{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/303687", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/303723", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/303755", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/303781", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/303813", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/303861", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/303910", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/304024"], "description"=>"<div>Although all brain cells bear in principle a comparable potential in terms of energetics, in reality they exhibit different metabolic profiles. The specific biochemical characteristics explaining such disparities and their relative importance are largely unknown. Using a modeling approach, we show that modifying the kinetic parameters of pyruvate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial NADH shuttling within a realistic interval can yield a striking switch in lactate flux direction. In this context, cells having essentially an oxidative profile exhibit pronounced extracellular lactate uptake and consumption. However, they can be turned into cells with prominent aerobic glycolysis by selectively reducing the aforementioned parameters. In the case of primarily oxidative cells, we also examined the role of glycolysis and lactate transport in providing pyruvate to mitochondria in order to sustain oxidative phosphorylation. The results show that changes in lactate transport capacity and extracellular lactate concentration within the range described experimentally can sustain enhanced oxidative metabolism upon activation. Such a demonstration provides key elements to understand why certain brain cell types constitutively adopt a particular metabolic profile and how specific features can be altered under different physiological and pathological conditions in order to face evolving energy demands. </div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["determinants", "metabolic", "phenotypes", "substrate", "utilization", "unraveled", "modeling"], "article_id"=>119895, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Neuroscience"], "users"=>["Aitana Neves", "Robert Costalat", "Luc Pellerin"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.s001", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.s002", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.s003", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.s004", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.s005", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.s006", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.s007", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.s008"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>38, "page_views"=>11, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/Determinants_of_Brain_Cell_Metabolic_Phenotypes_and_Energy_Substrate_Utilization_Unraveled_with_a_Modeling_Approach/119895", "title"=>"Determinants of Brain Cell Metabolic Phenotypes and Energy Substrate Utilization Unraveled with a Modeling Approach", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>4, "published_date"=>"2012-09-13 02:44:55"}
{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/577059"], "description"=>"(A) Black: r = JMCT/Jglyco = 0.69/0.31 = 2.2 at basal state, as evaluated in vivo by Hyder et al. <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-Hyder1\" target=\"_blank\">[28]</a>, with physiological values for intracellular lactate (Li) and pyruvate (P) concentrations (0.36 and 0.018 mM, respectively). Le = 1.1 mM. Dark gray: r = JMCT/Jglyco = 0.76/0.24 = 3.2, as observed in vitro by Bouzier-Sore et al. <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-BouzierSore1\" target=\"_blank\">[15]</a>, with the experimentally used Le = 1.1 mM. Light gray: Le was increased to 5.5 mM, as described in the experiment by Bouzier-Sore et al. <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-BouzierSore2\" target=\"_blank\">[16]</a>, resulting in a higher, but still plausible, value of 0.039 mM for intracellular pyruvate; r = 4.1. White: Same conditions as in light gray, but the glycolytic rate was lowered by 60%, resulting in a lower intracellular pyruvate concentration of 0.036 mM and a JMCT/Jglyco ratio equal to 0.92/0.08 = 11.5, which matches experimental results by Bouzier-Sore et al. <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-BouzierSore2\" target=\"_blank\">[16]</a>. (B) Effect of lactate transport enhancement in the case of a basal JMCT/Jglyco ratio (r) equal to 0.69/0.31 = 2.2, as evaluated in vivo by Hyder et al. <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-Hyder1\" target=\"_blank\">[28]</a>, cf. black bar in (A). Basal state: Le = 1.1 mM (black). Stimulations: +30% vmax,PDH, +30% kshuttle, +48.5% vmax,glyco (very dark gray, ctrl-bar); +0% Le, +80% vmax,MCT, +70% vmax,PDH, +70% kshuttle (dark gray); +80% Le, +0% vmax,MCT, +70% vmax,PDH, +70% kshuttle (light gray); +80% Le, +80% vmax,MCT, +70% vmax,PDH, +70% kshuttle (white).", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["tested"], "article_id"=>247557, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Neuroscience"], "users"=>["Aitana Neves", "Robert Costalat", "Luc Pellerin"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.g004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>3, "page_views"=>25, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Model_validity_tested_for_different_experimental_conditions_/247557", "title"=>"Model validity tested for different experimental conditions.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2012-09-13 02:05:57"}
{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/576856"], "description"=>"(A) Oxidative phenotype: In the basal state (black), both lactate transport and glycolysis contribute to JPDH (43% and 57% respectively <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-Nehlig1\" target=\"_blank\">[29]</a>). We show the resulting steady state transport, glycolytic and JPDH fluxes upon stimulation (very dark gray “ctrl-bar\": +30% vmax,PDH, +30% kshuttle, +48.5% vmax,glyco; dark gray: +80% vmax,MCT,, +30% vmax,PDH, +30% kshuttle, +48.5% vmax,glyco; light gray: +80% Le, +30% vmax,PDH, +30% kshuttle, +48.5% Jmax,glyco; white: +80% vmax,MCT, +80% Le, +30% vmax,PDH, +30% kshuttle, +48.5% vmax,glyco). (B) Glycolytic phenotype: In the basal state (black), parameters have been chosen such that lactate is taken out of the cell (, ). We show the resulting steady state transport, glycolytic and JPDH fluxes upon stimulation (very dark gray “ctrl-bar\": +30% vmax,PDH, +30% kshuttle, +48.5% vmax,glyco; dark gray: +80% vmax,MCT, +15% vmax,PDH, +0% kshuttle, +48.5% vmax,glyco; light gray: +80% Le, +15% vmax,PDH, +0% kshuttle, +48.5% vmax,glyco; white: +80% Le, +80% vmax,MCT, +15% vmax,PDH, +0% kshuttle, +48.5% vmax,glyco). See Description of the model for equations and Choice of parameters for parameters. (C–D) Basal lactate transport (C) and oxidative metabolism (D) when varying vmax,PDH and kshuttle. We considered 20 different values evenly spaced in the range and , resulting in 400 simulations. For each simulation, we recorded the steady state value of JMCT and JPDH. We show the resulting iso-curves (note that vmax,PDH and kshuttle were normalized to their basal oxidative value, so that (1,1) (marked by ‘o’) corresponds to the parameters used in <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi-1002686-g002\" target=\"_blank\">Fig. 2A</a> and (0.2,0.3) (marked by ‘g’) corresponds to the parameters used in <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi-1002686-g002\" target=\"_blank\">Fig. 2B</a>). In non-shaded regions, the ratio <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-Siegel1\" target=\"_blank\">[32]</a>, and <a href=\"http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686#pcbi.1002686-Hung1\" target=\"_blank\">[34]</a>.", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["occurrence", "oxidative", "glycolytic"], "article_id"=>247350, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Neuroscience"], "users"=>["Aitana Neves", "Robert Costalat", "Luc Pellerin"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002686.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>2, "page_views"=>14, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_J_shuttle_and_v_max_PDH_determine_the_occurrence_of_oxidative_vs_glycolytic_phenotype_/247350", "title"=>"Jshuttle and vmax,PDH determine the occurrence of oxidative vs. glycolytic phenotype.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2012-09-13 02:02:30"}

PMC Usage Stats 62617 Feb 13:43 UTC

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

{"unique-ip"=>"36", "full-text"=>"31", "pdf"=>"19", "abstract"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"13", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"10"}
{"unique-ip"=>"9", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"12"}
{"unique-ip"=>"25", "full-text"=>"20", "pdf"=>"10", "abstract"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"8", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"1"}
{"unique-ip"=>"17", "full-text"=>"21", "pdf"=>"6", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"2"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"3"}
{"unique-ip"=>"13", "full-text"=>"11", "pdf"=>"7", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"4"}
{"unique-ip"=>"21", "full-text"=>"22", "pdf"=>"14", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"6", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"11"}
{"unique-ip"=>"12", "full-text"=>"11", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"5"}
{"unique-ip"=>"15", "full-text"=>"18", "pdf"=>"8", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"6"}
{"unique-ip"=>"14", "full-text"=>"18", "pdf"=>"6", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"8", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"7"}
{"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"8", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"8"}
{"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"9"}
{"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"10"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"11"}
{"unique-ip"=>"12", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"12", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"12"}
{"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"1"}
{"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"2"}
{"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"3"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"5"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"6"}
{"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"4"}
{"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"7"}
{"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"8"}
{"unique-ip"=>"17", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"6", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"9"}
{"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"2", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"10"}
{"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"7", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"11"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"12"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"1"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"2"}
{"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"3"}
{"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"4"}
{"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"5"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"6"}
{"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"7"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"8"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"9"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"10"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"11"}
{"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"7", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"12"}
{"unique-ip"=>"9", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"1"}
{"unique-ip"=>"1", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"2"}
{"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"3"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"6"}
{"unique-ip"=>"1", "full-text"=>"0", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"7"}
{"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"8"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"9"}
{"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"10"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"11"}
{"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"1"}
{"unique-ip"=>"1", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"2"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"4"}
{"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"5"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"6"}
{"unique-ip"=>"1", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"7"}
{"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"8"}
{"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"9"}
{"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"4", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"10"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"11", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"11"}
{"unique-ip"=>"1", "full-text"=>"0", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"12"}
{"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"1"}
{"unique-ip"=>"1", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"2"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"3"}
{"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"1"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"5"}
{"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"7"}
{"unique-ip"=>"1", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"8"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"7", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"9"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"8", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"10"}
{"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"7", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"11"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"12"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"2"}
{"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"3"}
{"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"4"}
{"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"5"}
{"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"8"}
{"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"9"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"10"}
{"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"5", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"12"}
{"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"2", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"2"}
{"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"7", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"5", "supp-data"=>"8", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"3"}
{"unique-ip"=>"1", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"4"}
{"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"5"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"6"}
{"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"9"}
{"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"10"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"0", "pdf"=>"6", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"11"}
{"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"12"}
{"unique-ip"=>"1", "full-text"=>"1", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2021", "month"=>"1"}

Relative Metric 18018912 Apr 20:00 UTC

Relative Metric

{"start_date"=>"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z", "end_date"=>"2012-12-31T00:00:00Z", "subject_areas"=>[{"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences", "average_usage"=>[322, 550, 671, 773, 864, 955, 1048, 1135, 1223, 1308, 1387, 1465, 1534, 1602, 1673, 1744, 1813, 1885, 1955, 2026, 2093, 2160, 2228, 2290, 2349]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences/Biochemistry", "average_usage"=>[316, 541, 663, 766, 856, 950, 1041, 1128, 1218, 1302, 1382, 1456, 1526, 1593, 1657, 1729, 1796, 1862, 1930, 1999, 2065, 2132, 2202, 2261, 2319]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences/Cell biology", "average_usage"=>[319, 556, 679, 785, 881, 970, 1062, 1149, 1236, 1323, 1402, 1474, 1545, 1617, 1681, 1754, 1822, 1892, 1963, 2031, 2099, 2165, 2233, 2299, 2359]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Physical sciences", "average_usage"=>[304, 506, 616, 712, 799, 879, 968, 1052, 1134, 1212, 1284, 1357, 1427, 1494, 1557, 1621, 1689, 1756, 1823, 1883, 1944, 1997, 2056, 2118, 2171]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Physical sciences/Chemistry", "average_usage"=>[302, 508, 622, 720, 804, 888, 973, 1054, 1141, 1219, 1299, 1370, 1442, 1511, 1574, 1644, 1711, 1782, 1846, 1911, 1971, 2030, 2097, 2155, 2217]}]}

F1000Prime24 Feb 11:52 UTC

F1000Prime

Loading …

There are currently no alerts

CiteULike | Further Information

Mendeley | Further Information

ORCID | Further Information

Europe PMC Citations | Further Information

PubMed Central | Further Information

Scopus | Further Information

Web of Science® | Further Information

ScienceSeeker | Further Information

Wordpress.com | Further Information

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information