Population Structure and Eigenanalysis
Publication Date
December 22, 2006
Journal
PLOS Genetics
Authors
Nick Patterson, Alkes L Price & David Reich
Volume
2
Issue
12
Pages
e190
DOI
https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190
Publisher URL
http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.0020190
PubMed
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17194218
PubMed Central
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1713260
Europe PMC
http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/17194218
Web of Science
000243482100012
Scopus
33846006923
Mendeley
http://www.mendeley.com/research/population-structure-eigenanalysis
Events
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Figshare 7304 May 02:36 UTC

Figshare

  • {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/954111"], "description"=>"<p>We generated genotype data in which the leading eigenvalue is overwhelmingly significant (<i>F<sub>ST</sub></i> = .01, <i>m</i> = 100, <i>n</i> = 5,000) with two equal-sized subpopulations. We show P–P plots for the TW statistic computed from the <i>second</i> eigenvalue. The fit at the high end is excellent.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["genetics and genomics"], "article_id"=>624417, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Nick Patterson", "Alkes L Price", "David Reich"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190.g003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>4, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Testing_the_Fit_of_the_Second_Eigenvalue_/624417", "title"=>"Testing the Fit of the Second Eigenvalue", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 12:56:42"}
  • {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/954379"], "description"=>"<p>We ran a series of simulations, varying the sample size <i>m</i> and number of markers <i>n</i> but keeping the product at <i>mn</i> = 2<sup>20</sup>. Thus the predicted phase change threshold is <i>F<sub>ST</sub></i> = 2<sup>−10</sup>. We vary <i>F<sub>S</sub></i> and plot the log <i>p</i>-value of the Tracy–Widom statistic. (We clipped −log<sub>10 </sub><i>p</i> at 20.) Note that below the threshold there is no statistical significance, while above threshold, we tend to get enormous significance.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["bbp"], "article_id"=>624676, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Nick Patterson", "Alkes L Price", "David Reich"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190.g006", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>13, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_The_BBP_Phase_Change_/624676", "title"=>"The BBP Phase Change", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 12:58:28"}
  • {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/954609"], "description"=>"<p>P–P plots of the TW statistic, when no LD is present and after varying levels (<i>k</i>) of our LD correction. We first show this (A) for <i>m</i> = 500, <i>n</i> = 5,000, and then (B) for <i>m</i> = 200, <i>n</i> = 50,000. In both cases the LD correction makes little difference to the fit.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["correction", "ld"], "article_id"=>624902, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Nick Patterson", "Alkes L Price", "David Reich"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190.g009", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>7, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_LD_Correction_with_no_LD_Present_/624902", "title"=>"LD Correction with no LD Present", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 12:59:59"}
  • {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/954519"], "description"=>"<p>We plot the first two principal components. Population C is a recent admixture of two populations, B and a population not sampled. Note the large dispersion of population C along a line joining the two parental populations. Note the similarity of the simulated data to the real data of <a href=\"http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190#pgen-0020190-g005\" target=\"_blank\">Figure 5</a>.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["simulation", "involving", "admixture"], "article_id"=>624807, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Nick Patterson", "Alkes L Price", "David Reich"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190.g008", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>2, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_A_Plot_of_a_Simulation_Involving_Admixture_See_Main_Text_for_Details_/624807", "title"=>"A Plot of a Simulation Involving Admixture (See Main Text for Details)", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 12:59:24"}
  • {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/954321"], "description"=>"<p>Plots of the first two eigenvectors for a population from Thailand and Chinese and Japanese populations from the International Haplotype Map [<a href=\"http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190#pgen-0020190-b032\" target=\"_blank\">32</a>]. The Japanese population is clearly distinguished (though not by either eigenvector separately). The large dispersal of the Thai population, along a line where the Chinese are at an extreme, suggests some gene flow of a Chinese-related population into Thailand. Note the similarity to the simulated data of <a href=\"http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190#pgen-0020190-g008\" target=\"_blank\">Figure 8</a>.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["asian"], "article_id"=>624616, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Nick Patterson", "Alkes L Price", "David Reich"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190.g005", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>1, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Three_East_Asian_Populations_/624616", "title"=>"Three East Asian Populations", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 12:58:04"}
  • {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/954458"], "description"=>"<p>We show a simple demography generating an admixed population. Populations <i>A,B,D</i> trifurcated 100 generations ago, while population <i>C</i> is a recent admixture of <i>A</i> and <i>B</i>. Admixture weights for the proportion of population <i>A</i> in population <i>C</i> are Beta-distributed with parameters (3.5,1.5). Effective population sizes are 10,000.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["admixed"], "article_id"=>624753, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Nick Patterson", "Alkes L Price", "David Reich"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190.g007", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>6, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Simulation_of_an_Admixed_Population_/624753", "title"=>"Simulation of an Admixed Population", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 12:58:59"}
  • {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/954718"], "description"=>"<div><p>(A) Shows P–P plots of the TW statistic (<i>m</i> = 100, <i>n</i> = 5,000) with large blocks of complete LD. Uncorrected, the TW statistic is hopelessly poor, but after correction the fit is again good. Here, we show 1,000 runs with the same data size parameters as in <a href=\"http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190#pgen-0020190-g002\" target=\"_blank\">Figure 2</a>A, <i>m</i> = 500, <i>n</i> = 5,000, varying <i>k,</i> the number of columns used to “correct” for LD. The fit is adequate for any nonzero value of <i>k</i>.</p><p>(B) Shows a similar analysis with <i>m</i> = 200, <i>n</i> = 50,000.</p></div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["correction"], "article_id"=>625012, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Nick Patterson", "Alkes L Price", "David Reich"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190.g010", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>10, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_LD_Correction_with_Strong_LD_/625012", "title"=>"LD Correction with Strong LD", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 13:00:44"}
  • {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/954035"], "description"=>"<div><p>(A) We carried out 1,000 simulations of a panmictic population, where we have a sample size of <i>m</i> = 100 and <i>n</i> = 5,000 unlinked markers. We give a P–P plot of the TW statistic against the theoretical distribution; this shows the empirical cumulative distribution against the theoretical cumulative distribution for a given quantile. If the fit is good, we expect the plot will lie along the line <i>y</i> = <i>x</i>. Interest is primarily at the top right, corresponding to low <i>p</i>-values.</p><p>(B) P–P plot corresponding to a sample size of <i>m</i> = 200 and <i>n</i> = 50,000 markers. The fit is again excellent, demonstrating the appropriateness of the Johnstone normalization.</p></div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["tw"], "article_id"=>624341, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Nick Patterson", "Alkes L Price", "David Reich"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>9, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Testing_the_Fit_of_the_TW_Distribution_/624341", "title"=>"Testing the Fit of the TW Distribution", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 12:56:13"}
  • {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/953944"], "description"=>"<p>Conventional percentile points are: <i>P</i> = 0.05, <i>x</i> = .9794; <i>P</i> = 0.01, <i>x</i> = 2.0236; <i>P</i> = 0.001, <i>x</i> = 3.2730.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["genetics and genomics"], "article_id"=>624247, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Nick Patterson", "Alkes L Price", "David Reich"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>10, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_The_Tracy_8211_Widom_Density_/624247", "title"=>"The Tracy–Widom Density", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 12:55:34"}
  • {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/954239"], "description"=>"<p>Plots of the first two eigenvectors for some African populations in the CEPH–HGDP dataset [<a href=\"http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190#pgen-0020190-b030\" target=\"_blank\">30</a>]. Yoruba and Bantu-speaking populations are genetically quite close and were grouped together. The Mandenka are a West African group speaking a language in the Mande family [15, p. 182]. The eigenanalysis fails to find structure in the Bantu populations, but separation between the Bantu and Mandenka with the second eigenvector is apparent.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["african"], "article_id"=>624539, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Nick Patterson", "Alkes L Price", "David Reich"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190.g004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>5, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Three_African_Populations_/624539", "title"=>"Three African Populations", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-21 12:57:32"}
PMC Usage Stats 849217 Nov 14:05 UTC

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

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Relative Metric 174479510 May 16:12 UTC

Relative Metric

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