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{"title"=>"Association of secondhand smoke exposure with pediatric invasive bacterial disease and bacterial carriage: A systematic review and meta-analysis", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Chien Chang", "last_name"=>"Lee", "scopus_author_id"=>"7410145821"}, {"first_name"=>"Nicole A.", "last_name"=>"Middaugh", "scopus_author_id"=>"36696731100"}, {"first_name"=>"Stephen R C", "last_name"=>"Howie", "scopus_author_id"=>"15759761900"}, {"first_name"=>"Majid", "last_name"=>"Ezzati", "scopus_author_id"=>"6701418638"}], "year"=>2010, "source"=>"PLoS Medicine", "identifiers"=>{"scopus"=>"2-s2.0-78650449848", "sgr"=>"78650449848", "issn"=>"15491277", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pmed.1000374", "pmid"=>"21151890", "isbn"=>"1549-1676 (Electronic)\\r1549-1277 (Linking)", "pui"=>"360215981"}, "id"=>"5011a7db-8bbc-3a1a-a853-38df297b1f3d", "abstract"=>"A number of epidemiologic studies have observed an association between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and pediatric invasive bacterial disease (IBD) but the evidence has not been systematically reviewed. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of SHS exposure and two outcomes, IBD and pharyngeal carriage of bacteria, for Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis), Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae).", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/association-secondhand-smoke-exposure-pediatric-invasive-bacterial-disease-bacterial-carriage-system-1", "reader_count"=>59, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>4, "Librarian"=>2, "Researcher"=>16, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>2, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>8, "Student > Postgraduate"=>1, "Student > Master"=>10, "Other"=>4, "Student > Bachelor"=>2, "Lecturer"=>3, "Professor"=>6}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>4, "Librarian"=>2, "Researcher"=>16, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>2, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>8, "Student > Postgraduate"=>1, "Student > Master"=>10, "Other"=>4, "Student > Bachelor"=>2, "Lecturer"=>3, "Professor"=>6}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>4, "Environmental Science"=>2, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>32, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>15, "Psychology"=>3, "Social Sciences"=>1, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>1, "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>32}, "Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>1}, "Psychology"=>{"Psychology"=>3}, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>{"Immunology and Microbiology"=>1}, "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>{"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>1}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>15}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>4}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>2}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Colombia"=>1, "United States"=>2, "Brazil"=>1, "United Kingdom"=>2}, "group_count"=>7}

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• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcle.2018.09.008
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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/405966"], "description"=>"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>A number of epidemiologic studies have observed an association between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and pediatric invasive bacterial disease (IBD) but the evidence has not been systematically reviewed. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of SHS exposure and two outcomes, IBD and pharyngeal carriage of bacteria, for <em>Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis)</em>, <em>Haemophilus influenzae</em> type B (Hib), and <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae</em>).</p> <h3>Methods and Findings</h3><p>Two independent reviewers searched Medline, EMBASE, and selected other databases, and screened articles for inclusion and exclusion criteria. We identified 30 case-control studies on SHS and IBD, and 12 cross-sectional studies on SHS and bacterial carriage. Weighted summary odd ratios (ORs) were calculated for each outcome and for studies with specific design and quality characteristics. Tests for heterogeneity and publication bias were performed. Compared with those unexposed to SHS, summary OR for SHS exposure was 2.02 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.52–2.69) for invasive meningococcal disease, 1.21 (95% CI 0.69–2.14) for invasive pneumococcal disease, and 1.22 (95% CI 0.93–1.62) for invasive Hib disease. For pharyngeal carriage, summary OR was 1.68 (95% CI, 1.19–2.36) for <em>N. meningitidis</em>, 1.66 (95% CI 1.33–2.07) for <em>S. pneumoniae</em>, and 0.96 (95% CI 0.48–1.95) for Hib. The association between SHS exposure and invasive meningococcal and Hib diseases was consistent regardless of outcome definitions, age groups, study designs, and publication year. The effect estimates were larger in studies among children younger than 6 years of age for all three IBDs, and in studies with the more rigorous laboratory-confirmed diagnosis for invasive meningococcal disease (summary OR 3.24; 95% CI 1.72–6.13).</p> <h3>Conclusions</h3><p>When considered together with evidence from direct smoking and biological mechanisms, our systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that SHS exposure may be associated with invasive meningococcal disease. The epidemiologic evidence is currently insufficient to show an association between SHS and invasive Hib disease or pneumococcal disease. Because the burden of IBD is highest in developing countries where SHS is increasing, there is a need for high-quality studies to confirm these results, and for interventions to reduce exposure of children to SHS.</p> <h3></h3><p><em>Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary</em></p> </div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["secondhand", "pediatric", "invasive", "bacterial", "systematic", "meta-analysis"], "article_id"=>140212, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Cancer", "Neuroscience"], "users"=>["Chien-Chang Lee", "Nicole A. Middaugh", "Stephen R. C. Howie", "Majid Ezzati"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000374"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/Association_of_Secondhand_Smoke_Exposure_with_Pediatric_Invasive_Bacterial_Disease_and_Bacterial_Carriage_A_Systematic_Review_and_Meta_analysis/140212", "title"=>"Association of Secondhand Smoke Exposure with Pediatric Invasive Bacterial Disease and Bacterial Carriage: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2010-12-07 00:03:32"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/813875"], "description"=>"<p>Flow chart of study identification and inclusion.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["public health and epidemiology/environmental health", "public health and epidemiology/epidemiology", "public health and epidemiology/global health", "public health and epidemiology/infectious diseases"], "article_id"=>484239, "categories"=>["Computational Biology", "Cancer", "Neuroscience", "Virology"], "users"=>["Chien-Chang Lee", "Nicole A. Middaugh", "Stephen R. C. Howie", "Majid Ezzati"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000374.g001"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Flow_chart_of_study_identification_and_inclusion_/484239", "title"=>"Flow chart of study identification and inclusion.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2010-12-07 01:10:39"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/813947"], "description"=>"<p>ORs for invasive bacterial disease for exposure to secondhand smoke compared to nonexposure: (A) meningococcal disease, (B) pneumococcal disease, (C) Hib disease.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["invasive", "bacterial", "secondhand", "compared", "meningococcal", "pneumococcal", "hib"], "article_id"=>484309, "categories"=>["Computational Biology", "Cancer", "Neuroscience", "Virology"], "users"=>["Chien-Chang Lee", "Nicole A. Middaugh", "Stephen R. C. Howie", "Majid Ezzati"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000374.g002"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_ORs_for_invasive_bacterial_disease_for_exposure_to_secondhand_smoke_compared_to_nonexposure_A_meningococcal_disease_B_pneumococcal_disease_C_Hib_disease_/484309", "title"=>"ORs for invasive bacterial disease for exposure to secondhand smoke compared to nonexposure: (A) meningococcal disease, (B) pneumococcal disease, (C) Hib disease.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2010-12-07 01:11:49"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/814053"], "description"=>"<p>ORs for pharyngeal carriage of bacteria for exposure to secondhand smoke compared to nonexposure: (A) <i>N. meningitidis</i>, (B) <i>S. pneumonia</i>, (C) Hib.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["pharyngeal", "carriage", "secondhand", "compared"], "article_id"=>484422, "categories"=>["Computational Biology", "Cancer", "Neuroscience", "Virology"], "users"=>["Chien-Chang Lee", "Nicole A. Middaugh", "Stephen R. C. Howie", "Majid Ezzati"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000374.g003"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_ORs_for_pharyngeal_carriage_of_bacteria_for_exposure_to_secondhand_smoke_compared_to_nonexposure_A_N_meningitidis_B_S_pneumonia_C_Hib_/484422", "title"=>"ORs for pharyngeal carriage of bacteria for exposure to secondhand smoke compared to nonexposure: (A) <i>N. meningitidis</i>, (B) <i>S. pneumonia</i>, (C) Hib.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2010-12-07 01:13:42"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/814164"], "description"=>"<p>Trim-and-fill ORs were calculated when publication bias tests were statistically significant.</p>a<p>From <a href=\"http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000374#pmed-1000374-g002\" target=\"_blank\">Figure 2</a>.</p><p>NA, not applicable.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["trim-and-fill"], "article_id"=>484535, "categories"=>["Computational Biology", "Cancer", "Neuroscience", "Virology"], "users"=>["Chien-Chang Lee", "Nicole A. Middaugh", "Stephen R. C. Howie", "Majid Ezzati"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000374.t003"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Tests_for_publication_bias_and_trim_and_fill_ORs_/484535", "title"=>"Tests for publication bias and trim-and-fill ORs.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2010-12-07 01:15:35"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/814206"], "description"=>"<p>Summary of subgroup analysis of studies of the association of SHS and IBD or pharyngeal bacterial carriage.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["subgroup", "studies", "shs", "ibd", "pharyngeal", "bacterial"], "article_id"=>484572, "categories"=>["Computational Biology", "Cancer", "Neuroscience", "Virology"], "users"=>["Chien-Chang Lee", "Nicole A. Middaugh", "Stephen R. C. Howie", "Majid Ezzati"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000374.t002"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Summary_of_subgroup_analysis_of_studies_of_the_association_of_SHS_and_IBD_or_pharyngeal_bacterial_carriage_/484572", "title"=>"Summary of subgroup analysis of studies of the association of SHS and IBD or pharyngeal bacterial carriage.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2010-12-07 01:16:12"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/814235"], "description"=>"a<p>Individual studies have used different phrasing of exposure metrics. We have used “household smoking” in all cases where the definition was equivalent to smoking by household members or smoking at home.</p>b<p>We defined a study as having laboratory-confirmed diagnosis if the study had more than 80% of cases confirmed by a positive culture, rapid antigen test, or PCR-based identification. Other studies were classified as a mix of laboratory-confirmed and clinical diagnosis.</p>c<p>The reference category was children with no SHS exposure and the exposed group was divided into multiple categories. The OR for the highest category was used in the meta-analysis. See <a href=\"http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000374#s5\" target=\"_blank\">Results</a> for further information about dose-response.</p>d<p>Participants were enrolled in a prospective cohort study but the data for this analysis were from a cross-sectional swab, i.e., no time-to-event analysis.</p><p>ICD, International Classification of Diseases.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["studies", "shs", "ibd", "pharyngeal", "bacterial"], "article_id"=>484604, "categories"=>["Computational Biology", "Cancer", "Neuroscience", "Virology"], "users"=>["Chien-Chang Lee", "Nicole A. Middaugh", "Stephen R. C. Howie", "Majid Ezzati"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000374.t001"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Summary_of_studies_of_the_association_between_SHS_exposure_and_IBD_or_pharyngeal_bacterial_carriage_/484604", "title"=>"Summary of studies of the association between SHS exposure and IBD or pharyngeal bacterial carriage.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2010-12-07 01:16:44"}

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

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F1000Prime