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{"title"=>"Chikungunya disease: Infection-associated markers from the acute to the chronic phase of arbovirus-induced arthralgia", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Laurence", "last_name"=>"Dupuis-Maguiraga", "scopus_author_id"=>"49861214200"}, {"first_name"=>"Marion", "last_name"=>"Noret", "scopus_author_id"=>"49861840500"}, {"first_name"=>"Sonia", "last_name"=>"Brun", "scopus_author_id"=>"51664446600"}, {"first_name"=>"Roger", "last_name"=>"Le Grand", "scopus_author_id"=>"7004608511"}, {"first_name"=>"Gabriel", "last_name"=>"Gras", "scopus_author_id"=>"7005074062"}, {"first_name"=>"Pierre", "last_name"=>"Roques", "scopus_author_id"=>"7006834700"}], "year"=>2012, "source"=>"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases", "identifiers"=>{"scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84859169887", "sgr"=>"84859169887", "issn"=>"19352727", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pntd.0001446", "pmid"=>"22479654", "isbn"=>"1935-2727 1935-2735", "pui"=>"364547180"}, "id"=>"b13026c1-cb0d-3a5e-8ce5-34894ceacde8", "abstract"=>"At the end of 2005, an outbreak of fever associated with joint pain occurred in La Réunion. The causal agent, chikungunya virus (CHIKV), has been known for 50 years and could thus be readily identified. This arbovirus is present worldwide, particularly in India, but also in Europe, with new variants returning to Africa. In humans, it causes a disease characterized by a typical acute infection, sometimes followed by persistent arthralgia and myalgia lasting months or years. Investigations in the La Réunion cohort and studies in a macaque model of chikungunya implicated monocytes-macrophages in viral persistence. In this Review, we consider the relationship between CHIKV and the immune response and discuss predictive factors for chronic arthralgia and myalgia by providing an overview of current knowledge on chikungunya pathogenesis. Comparisons of data from animal models of the acute and chronic phases of infection, and data from clinical series, provide information about the mechanisms of CHIKV infection-associated inflammation, viral persistence in monocytes-macrophages, and their link to chronic signs.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/chikungunya-disease-infectionassociated-markers-acute-chronic-phase-arbovirusinduced-arthralgia", "reader_count"=>181, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>7, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>10, "Researcher"=>32, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>10, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>31, "Student > Postgraduate"=>16, "Other"=>8, "Student > Master"=>33, "Student > Bachelor"=>27, "Lecturer"=>1, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>5}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>7, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>10, "Researcher"=>32, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>10, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>31, "Student > Postgraduate"=>16, "Other"=>8, "Student > Master"=>33, "Student > Bachelor"=>27, "Lecturer"=>1, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>5}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>11, "Environmental Science"=>2, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>11, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>3, "Mathematics"=>1, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>63, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>64, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>1, "Chemistry"=>3, "Psychology"=>1, "Social Sciences"=>3, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>18}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>63}, "Chemistry"=>{"Chemistry"=>3}, "Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>3}, "Psychology"=>{"Psychology"=>1}, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>{"Immunology and Microbiology"=>18}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>64}, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>{"Nursing and Health Professions"=>3}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>11}, "Mathematics"=>{"Mathematics"=>1}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>11}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>2}, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>{"Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>1}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"United States"=>2, "Brazil"=>5, "South Africa"=>1, "United Kingdom"=>1, "French Polynesia"=>1, "India"=>1}, "group_count"=>16}

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• {"id"=>"528867765453848576", "text"=>"@carlosneumoruiz Chikungunya\n\nhttp://t.co/xRI7OtKacl", "created_at"=>"2014-11-02T11:14:35Z", "user"=>"ginecomaterno", "user_name"=>"ricardo gomez MD", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/526854975952269314/b6He4Oay_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"528873803775229952", "text"=>"Un buen Reviews de contenido científico #Chikungunya, Excelente, gracias. vía @ginecomaterno. http://t.co/TGwFs8z4nz”", "created_at"=>"2014-11-02T11:38:35Z", "user"=>"carlosneumoruiz", "user_name"=>"Dr. Carlos Ruiz G", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/482237492142538753/Jehn8HR__normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"528873811798933505", "text"=>"RT @ginecomaterno: @carlosneumoruiz Chikungunya\n\nhttp://t.co/xRI7OtKacl", "created_at"=>"2014-11-02T11:38:37Z", "user"=>"carlosneumoruiz", "user_name"=>"Dr. Carlos Ruiz G", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/482237492142538753/Jehn8HR__normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"528876292582932480", "text"=>"RT @carlosneumoruiz: Un buen Reviews de contenido científico #Chikungunya, Excelente, gracias. vía @ginecomaterno. http://t.co/TGwFs8z4nz”", "created_at"=>"2014-11-02T11:48:28Z", "user"=>"perfumedemujer_", "user_name"=>"Dayana", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3536847912/76bee6b0bae5d82904a74890f7cc223f_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"528997658439221250", "text"=>"@raforih http://t.co/xRI7OtKacl\n\nEstupenda revision aunque imagino que tiene cosas mejores, la intencion cuenta.. Saludos Profesor!", "created_at"=>"2014-11-02T19:50:44Z", "user"=>"ginecomaterno", "user_name"=>"ricardo gomez MD", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/526854975952269314/b6He4Oay_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"639588382688067584", "text"=>"#Rotreuma La artritis crónica por Chikungunya puede ser por persistencia de este virus en los macrófagos tisulares http://t.co/NPhjrx0I2t", "created_at"=>"2015-09-03T23:58:48Z", "user"=>"erikapadilla80", "user_name"=>"Erika Padilla MD.", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/638895038945185792/sbSH2WYk_normal.jpg"}
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• {"title"=>"Macrophage", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage", "timestamp"=>"2019-03-14T14:47:32Z"}
• {"title"=>"Makrofág", "url"=>"http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makrofág", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-21T11:54:42Z"}

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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/663046"], "description"=>"<p>Macrophage infiltration, under the control of MCP-1/CCL-2, is a critical feature of damaged tissues. The inflammatory effectors IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1/CCL-2, MMP2, and INF-α are specifically expressed in the tissues of patients with chronic chikungunya, who have high IFN-α and IL-12 mRNA levels in their circulating leukocytes. This classical inflammatory process may be regulated by HGF and eotaxin, which have different expression profiles during the recovery phase in patients with chikungunya, depending on whether or not these patients go on to develop chronic disease. HGF also promotes muscle regeneration. Once they have infiltrated the joint or muscle, the macrophages are activated and regulate the local Th1/Th2 balance as a function of their own activation status (classical/M1 or alternative/M2). GM-CSF and HGF, which have M1 and M2 effector activities, respectively, may modulate this balance as they are differentially expressed in acute and chronic chikungunya. CHIKV persists in infected macrophages only in patients with a chronic rheumatic syndrome. The reciprocal influences connecting viral persistence and local inflammation are not known. Solid arrows: activation. Solid stopped lines: regulation. Dotted arrows: expression.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["macrophage", "signs", "chikungunya"], "article_id"=>333536, "categories"=>["Virology", "Biotechnology", "Immunology"], "users"=>["Laurence Dupuis-Maguiraga", "Marion Noret", "Sonia Brun", "Roger Le Grand", "Gabriel Gras", "Pierre Roques"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001446.g003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>5, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_The_macrophage_is_central_to_chronic_signs_of_chikungunya_disease_/333536", "title"=>"The macrophage is central to chronic signs of chikungunya disease.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 07:20:20"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/662940"], "description"=>"<p>(1) Months after the acute infection, monocytes, T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells are still attracted to the inflamed joint, where they become activated. (2) The infection of macrophages in joints is associated with local inflammation and the production of cytokines, chemokines, and pro-inflammatory effectors, such as MCP-1/CCL-2, IL-8, IL-6, IFN-α, and MMP2. (3) The phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies from infected cells probably contributes to viral persistence. Nevertheless, the beneficial or deleterious effect of local inflammation on viral persistence remains unclear. (4) When it occurs, arthritis is accompanied by high rates of fibroblast apoptosis and cartilage destruction. Chronic inflammation probably plays a major role in this damage and associated pain. (5) The potential relationship between local inflammation of the joint and a state of systemic activation, as demonstrated by the presence of inflammation markers in plasma and blood cells, remains unclear.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["chikv", "persistence", "inflammation", "patients"], "article_id"=>333424, "categories"=>["Virology", "Biotechnology", "Immunology"], "users"=>["Laurence Dupuis-Maguiraga", "Marion Noret", "Sonia Brun", "Roger Le Grand", "Gabriel Gras", "Pierre Roques"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001446.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>5, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Mechanisms_of_CHIKV_persistence_and_tissue_inflammation_in_patients_with_chronic_disease_/333424", "title"=>"Mechanisms of CHIKV persistence and tissue inflammation in patients with chronic disease.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 07:19:44"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/663115"], "description"=>"a<p>Atypical forms were noticed but their prevalence was not evaluated.</p>b<p>Retro-orbital pain.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["chikungunya", "symptoms", "atypical", "forms"], "article_id"=>333597, "categories"=>["Virology", "Biotechnology", "Immunology"], "users"=>["Laurence Dupuis-Maguiraga", "Marion Noret", "Sonia Brun", "Roger Le Grand", "Gabriel Gras", "Pierre Roques"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001446.t001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>3, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Acute_chikungunya_symptoms_in_typical_and_atypical_forms_in_adults_children_and_newborns_/333597", "title"=>"Acute chikungunya symptoms in typical and atypical forms in adults, children, and newborns.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 07:20:42"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/663150"], "description"=>"a<p>Mann and Whitney test performed by us.</p><p>Inclusion: first presentation of the patient during acute disease.</p><p>Numbers (and sex ratios) of patients with chronic disease were 5 (4) in Singapore, 32 (0.15) in La Réunion, 94 (0.82) in Dakshina Kannada, and 35 (sex ratio not available) in Emilia Romagna.</p><p>cp, viral RNA copies; CRP, C reactive protein; NA, not applicable; NS, not significant; pfu, plaque-forming units.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["parameters", "chronicity", "chikungunya"], "article_id"=>333643, "categories"=>["Virology", "Biotechnology", "Immunology"], "users"=>["Laurence Dupuis-Maguiraga", "Marion Noret", "Sonia Brun", "Roger Le Grand", "Gabriel Gras", "Pierre Roques"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001446.t003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>4, "page_views"=>14, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Biological_parameters_associated_with_disease_chronicity_in_chikungunya_patients_/333643", "title"=>"Biological parameters associated with disease chronicity in chikungunya patients.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 07:20:53"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/662857"], "description"=>"<p>Following inoculation with CHIKV through a mosquito bite, the virus directly enters the subcutaneous capillaries, with some viruses infecting susceptible cells in the skin, such as macrophages or fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Local viral replication seems to be minor and limited in time, with the locally produced virus probably being transported to secondary lymphoid organs close to the site of inoculation. The blood carries most viruses, as free virions or in the form of infected monocytes, to the target organs, the liver, muscle, joints, and remote lymphoid organs. In these tissues, infection is associated with a marked infiltration of mononuclear cells, including macrophages, particularly when viral replication occurs. The pathological events associated with tissue infection are mostly subclinical in the liver (hepatocyte apoptosis) and lymphoid organs (adenopathy), whereas mononuclear cell infiltration and viral replication in the muscles and joints are associated with very strong pain, with some of the patients presenting arthritis. * Guillain-Barré syndrome and encephalitis are very rare events. † True arthritis remains a rare event (from 2% to 10%); see <a href=\"http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001446#pntd-0001446-t002\" target=\"_blank\">Table 2</a>.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["dissemination"], "article_id"=>333340, "categories"=>["Virology", "Biotechnology", "Immunology"], "users"=>["Laurence Dupuis-Maguiraga", "Marion Noret", "Sonia Brun", "Roger Le Grand", "Gabriel Gras", "Pierre Roques"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001446.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>5, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Virus_dissemination_and_target_organs_/333340", "title"=>"Virus dissemination and target organs.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 07:19:16"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/663195"], "description"=>"*<p><i>p</i><0.01 Khi-2 between infected time 0 and chronic at 12 months (calculated by us).</p>a<p>Low ALT/ASAT level related to persistence (<i>p</i><0.01) like platelet count.</p>b<p>Lower level of creatinine <i>p</i> = 0.036.</p>c<p>No difference chronic versus recovered.</p>d<p>American College of Rheumatology criteria for rheumatoid arthritis in <a href=\"http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001446#pntd.0001446-Chopra2\" target=\"_blank\">[28]</a>; note that tenosynovitis is prominent (as seen by Hoarau et al. <a href=\"http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001446#pntd.0001446-Hoarau1\" target=\"_blank\">[41]</a>).</p><p>IA, inflammatory arthritis; IE, inflammatory, erosive; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; ND, not detected or prevalence not evaluated; NR, not reported; NSA, non-specific arthritis.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["chikungunya"], "article_id"=>333683, "categories"=>["Virology", "Biotechnology", "Immunology"], "users"=>["Laurence Dupuis-Maguiraga", "Marion Noret", "Sonia Brun", "Roger Le Grand", "Gabriel Gras", "Pierre Roques"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001446.t002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>8, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Chronic_chikungunya_symptoms_/333683", "title"=>"Chronic chikungunya symptoms.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2013-02-20 07:21:04"}

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

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• {"unique-ip"=>"21", "full-text"=>"23", "pdf"=>"4", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"12"}

Relative Metric

{"start_date"=>"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z", "end_date"=>"2012-12-31T00:00:00Z", "subject_areas"=>[{"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences", "average_usage"=>[322, 550, 671, 773, 864, 955, 1048, 1135, 1223, 1308, 1387, 1465, 1534, 1602, 1673, 1744, 1813, 1885, 1955, 2026, 2093, 2160, 2228, 2290, 2349]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences/Immunology", "average_usage"=>[312, 555, 680, 785, 880, 965, 1057, 1142, 1230, 1312, 1394, 1471, 1547, 1613, 1681, 1743, 1805, 1871, 1941, 2010, 2071, 2128, 2202, 2266, 2323]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences/Microbiology", "average_usage"=>[339, 580, 709, 814, 907, 1003, 1095, 1190, 1286, 1375, 1466, 1546, 1622, 1694, 1765, 1830, 1902, 1978, 2054, 2122, 2194, 2269, 2330, 2388, 2460]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Medicine and health sciences/Anatomy and physiology", "average_usage"=>[308, 539, 659, 759, 852, 941, 1028, 1113, 1197, 1275, 1353, 1423]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Medicine and health sciences/Infectious diseases", "average_usage"=>[328, 580, 713, 821, 914, 1012, 1107, 1202, 1293, 1381, 1477, 1551, 1633, 1694, 1769, 1847, 1917, 1986, 2056, 2121, 2194, 2267, 2329, 2410, 2461]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Medicine and health sciences/Inflammatory diseases", "average_usage"=>[318, 542, 669, 783, 867, 960, 1072, 1152, 1214, 1309, 1391, 1468, 1574, 1680, 1744, 1799, 1856, 1936, 1989, 2070, 2126, 2176, 2245, 2321, 2391]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Medicine and health sciences/Pain management", "average_usage"=>[342, 608, 752, 851, 938, 1033, 1133, 1206, 1319, 1403, 1474, 1555, 1614, 1687, 1752, 1825, 1900, 1939, 1992, 2044, 2104, 2139, 2200, 2265, 2331]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Medicine and health sciences/Pathology and laboratory medicine", "average_usage"=>[321, 553, 683, 785, 880, 973, 1072, 1162, 1249, 1336, 1425, 1504, 1574, 1642, 1711, 1785, 1852, 1923, 1987, 2050, 2129, 2192, 2259, 2325, 2393]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Medicine and health sciences/Physiology", "average_usage"=>[308, 535, 653, 754, 847, 930, 1020, 1103, 1188, 1268, 1351, 1420, 1487, 1550, 1614, 1679, 1757, 1830, 1898, 1961, 2024, 2086, 2150, 2216, 2266]}]}

F1000Prime