Causal Inference in Multisensory Perception
- Publication Date
- September 26, 2007
- Journal
- PLOS ONE
- Authors
- Konrad P. Körding, Ulrik Beierholm, Wei Ji Ma, Steven Quartz, et al
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e943
- DOI
- https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000943
- Publisher URL
- http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0000943
- PubMed
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17895984
- PubMed Central
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1978520
- Europe PMC
- http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/17895984
- Web of Science
- 000207455800022
- Scopus
- 41349102671
- Mendeley
- http://www.mendeley.com/research/causal-inference-multisensory-perception
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Mendeley | Further Information
{"title"=>"Causal inference in multisensory perception", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Konrad P.", "last_name"=>"Körding", "scopus_author_id"=>"6603812799"}, {"first_name"=>"Ulrik", "last_name"=>"Beierholm", "scopus_author_id"=>"15730276500"}, {"first_name"=>"Wei Ji", "last_name"=>"Ma", "scopus_author_id"=>"9276846900"}, {"first_name"=>"Steven", "last_name"=>"Quartz", "scopus_author_id"=>"6603048723"}, {"first_name"=>"Joshua B.", "last_name"=>"Tenenbaum", "scopus_author_id"=>"7006818404"}, {"first_name"=>"Ladan", "last_name"=>"Shams", "scopus_author_id"=>"6602166584"}], "year"=>2007, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"pui"=>"351460816", "issn"=>"19326203", "isbn"=>"1932-6203 (Electronic)", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0000943", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-41349102671", "pmid"=>"17895984", "sgr"=>"41349102671"}, "id"=>"fe9a282b-9fe1-3b06-b0ed-f22366f6781c", "abstract"=>"Perceptual events derive their significance to an animal from their meaning about the world, that is from the information they carry about their causes. The brain should thus be able to efficiently infer the causes underlying our sensory events. Here we use multisensory cue combination to study causal inference in perception. We formulate an ideal-observer model that infers whether two sensory cues originate from the same location and that also estimates their location(s). This model accurately predicts the nonlinear integration of cues by human subjects in two auditory-visual localization tasks. The results show that indeed humans can efficiently infer the causal structure as well as the location of causes. By combining insights from the study of causal inference with the ideal-observer approach to sensory cue combination, we show that the capacity to infer causal structure is not limited to conscious, high-level cognition; it is also performed continually and effortlessly in perception.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/causal-inference-multisensory-perception", "reader_count"=>598, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>13, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>40, "Researcher"=>129, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>24, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>206, "Student > Postgraduate"=>18, "Student > Master"=>67, "Other"=>13, "Student > Bachelor"=>50, "Lecturer"=>9, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>4, "Professor"=>25}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>13, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>40, "Researcher"=>129, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>24, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>206, "Student > Postgraduate"=>18, "Student > Master"=>67, "Other"=>13, "Student > Bachelor"=>50, "Lecturer"=>9, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>4, "Professor"=>25}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>23, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>93, "Philosophy"=>8, "Arts and Humanities"=>2, "Business, Management and Accounting"=>1, "Computer Science"=>56, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>1, "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>1, "Engineering"=>38, "Environmental Science"=>1, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>1, "Materials Science"=>1, "Mathematics"=>4, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>24, "Neuroscience"=>71, "Design"=>2, "Sports and Recreations"=>3, "Physics and Astronomy"=>9, "Psychology"=>240, "Social Sciences"=>10, "Linguistics"=>9}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Materials Science"=>{"Materials Science"=>1}, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>24}, "Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>10}, "Sports and Recreations"=>{"Sports and Recreations"=>3}, "Physics and Astronomy"=>{"Physics and Astronomy"=>9}, "Psychology"=>{"Psychology"=>240}, "Mathematics"=>{"Mathematics"=>4}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>23}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>1}, "Arts and Humanities"=>{"Arts and Humanities"=>2}, "Design"=>{"Design"=>2}, "Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>38}, "Neuroscience"=>{"Neuroscience"=>71}, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>{"Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>1}, "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>{"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>1}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>93}, "Computer Science"=>{"Computer Science"=>56}, "Business, Management and Accounting"=>{"Business, Management and Accounting"=>1}, "Linguistics"=>{"Linguistics"=>9}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>1}, "Philosophy"=>{"Philosophy"=>8}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Republic of Singapore"=>1, "Hungary"=>1, "United States"=>28, "Japan"=>5, "Egypt"=>1, "United Kingdom"=>11, "Switzerland"=>4, "Portugal"=>2, "Russia"=>1, "Spain"=>2, "Canada"=>4, "Netherlands"=>4, "Sweden"=>4, "Belgium"=>2, "Ireland"=>1, "China"=>1, "Brazil"=>3, "Poland"=>1, "Italy"=>2, "France"=>9, "Chile"=>1, "Australia"=>2, "Germany"=>18}, "group_count"=>32}CrossRef
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Scopus | Further Information
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Journal Comments | Further Information
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/ec94d1ff-f669-4c31-99e8-2cd43f62f57b", "title"=>"Lets discuss this article!", "body"=>"This is the first time I am publishing in a journal that has a web 2.0 component. I am curious if we can really use this medium to enable a discussion.\n\nI should state that I am one of the co-authors of this paper. I think that this paper may well warrant a discussion. It appears to relate to virtually any situation in which an animal may want to combine two cues.\n\nI think there are some questions that merit discussion:\n(1) Does the nervous system use an approximation to the full problem and if so which?\n(2) How do neurons solve these problems?\n(3) Do similar problems occur in movement problems? (I think yes as indicated by my NIPS paper last year)\n(4) Does the nervous system really integrate out the causes (as proposed in the paper) or does it do something simpler?\n(5) How would it work with more than two cues? \n(6) Are there functional differences between different systems?\n(7) How is it possible that a huge literature obtained great fits to human performance assuming linear rules?\n\nQuestions upon questions, some are already in the literature I presume. Lets discuss this!\n\nKonrad Kording", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2007-09-26T22:46:13Z", "lastModified"=>"2007-09-26T22:46:13Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"108825"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0000943", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2007-09-26T22:46:13Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/a71f592c-b0cf-46c7-852c-d62b7fa34239", "title"=>"strong fusion", "body"=>"Another paper of importance in the context of nonlinear cue combination is the paper by Yuille and Buelthoff 1996:Yuille AL, Bulthoff HH (1996 ) Bayesian decision theory and psychophysics Perception as Bayesian inference Cambridge Cambridge University Press. pp. 123-161.\n\nThis paper discusses how in many situations a fixed prior will not be enough but rather the system should consider several priors (similar to the common or not-common model in our case). The paper also shows how a cost function could be used to combine all these priors into one estimate.", "highlightedText"=>"''[e.g. 24]''\nhttp://plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0000943#article1.body1.sec1.p7", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2007-10-12T17:29:56Z", "lastModified"=>"2007-10-12T17:29:56Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"108825"}, "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0000943", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2007-10-12T17:29:56Z", "replies"=>[]}
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/3ff026c8-3df1-46b5-918f-d95f7204a909", "title"=>"full citation", "body"=>"This excellent paper has just appeared in NC. I highly recommend reading this paper as it exposes many additional issues and shows the strength of the causal inference approach in partially overlapping and partially non-overlapping areas.\n\nI have done some informal comparisons of their results and ours and indeed the model predictions are very similar.\n\nSato, Y., Toyoizumi, T., & Aihara, K. (2007) Bayesian inference\nexplains perception of unity and ventriloquism aftereffect:\nidentification of common sources of audiovisual stimuli. Neural\nComputation, 19 (12), 3335-3355.", "highlightedText"=>"''After completion of this work, we became aware of a paper by Yoshiyuki Sato, Taro Toyoizumi and Kazuyuki Aihara, who independently developed a similar model (Neural Computation, in press).''\nhttp://plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0000943#article1.back1.ack1.p1", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2007-11-18T21:45:57Z", "lastModified"=>"2007-11-18T21:45:57Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"108825"}, "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0000943", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2007-11-18T21:45:57Z", "replies"=>[]}
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- {"id"=>"681556632891973632", "text"=>"@vaughanbell @neuroconscience https://t.co/0mx0WrjR3O and a great one by the late David Knill: https://t.co/mbioNda0kC", "created_at"=>"2015-12-28T19:25:38Z", "user"=>"KordingLab", "user_name"=>"Kording Lab", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000110170961/47b76409bff80527681150c2b882b492_normal.jpeg"}
- {"id"=>"681559162812260352", "text"=>"RT @KordingLab: @vaughanbell @neuroconscience https://t.co/0mx0WrjR3O and a great one by the late David Knill: https://t.co/mbioNda0kC", "created_at"=>"2015-12-28T19:35:41Z", "user"=>"neuroconscience", "user_name"=>"Micah Allen", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/620569245118803968/4qbhVvpB_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"681789390901907457", "text"=>"RT @KordingLab: @vaughanbell @neuroconscience https://t.co/0mx0WrjR3O and a great one by the late David Knill: https://t.co/mbioNda0kC", "created_at"=>"2015-12-29T10:50:32Z", "user"=>"JohnnyFoxe", "user_name"=>"John J. Foxe", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/607927616918724609/fYJZRNUU_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"682243176946634754", "text"=>"RT @KordingLab: @vaughanbell @neuroconscience https://t.co/0mx0WrjR3O and a great one by the late David Knill: https://t.co/mbioNda0kC", "created_at"=>"2015-12-30T16:53:43Z", "user"=>"neuroecology", "user_name"=>"Adam J Calhoun", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/668601460410593280/MRse1g0f_normal.png"}
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- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"221", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"87"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"90", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"103"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"90", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"140"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"125", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"164"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"134", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"130"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"146", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"188"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"115", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"172"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"123", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"151"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2021", "pdf_views"=>"90", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"130"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2021", "pdf_views"=>"75", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"152"}
PMC Usage Stats | Further Information
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- {"month"=>"8", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"23", "year"=>"2010", "pdf"=>"8", "unique-ip"=>"21", "figure"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"1"}
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- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"11", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"9", "unique-ip"=>"8", "pdf"=>"5", "year"=>"2011", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
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- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"23", "month"=>"10", "cited-by"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"5", "unique-ip"=>"0", "pdf"=>"4", "year"=>"2007", "figure"=>"70", "scanned-summary"=>"38", "supp-data"=>"37"}
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- {"month"=>"5", "scanned-page-browse"=>"6", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"3", "year"=>"2008", "pdf"=>"0", "unique-ip"=>"0", "figure"=>"24", "scanned-summary"=>"15", "supp-data"=>"15"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"6", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"17", "unique-ip"=>"12", "pdf"=>"5", "year"=>"2008", "figure"=>"4", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"4"}
- {"month"=>"7", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"18", "year"=>"2008", "pdf"=>"6", "unique-ip"=>"12", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"2"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"12", "month"=>"8", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"1", "unique-ip"=>"1", "pdf"=>"0", "year"=>"2008", "figure"=>"32", "scanned-summary"=>"18", "supp-data"=>"19"}
- {"month"=>"9", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"2", "full-text"=>"23", "year"=>"2008", "pdf"=>"20", "unique-ip"=>"28", "figure"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"10", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"25", "unique-ip"=>"25", "pdf"=>"16", "year"=>"2008", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
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- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"12", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"14", "unique-ip"=>"15", "pdf"=>"9", "year"=>"2008", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"month"=>"1", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"27", "year"=>"2009", "pdf"=>"8", "unique-ip"=>"22", "figure"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"2", "full-text"=>"36", "unique-ip"=>"35", "pdf"=>"18", "year"=>"2009", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"2"}
- {"month"=>"3", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"3", "full-text"=>"25", "year"=>"2009", "pdf"=>"7", "unique-ip"=>"24", "figure"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"5"}
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- {"scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "month"=>"10", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "full-text"=>"11", "unique-ip"=>"11", "pdf"=>"3", "year"=>"2009", "figure"=>"8", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
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- {"month"=>"6", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "full-text"=>"2", "year"=>"2012", "pdf"=>"8", "unique-ip"=>"5", "figure"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0"}
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- {"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"12"}
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- {"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"8", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"2"}
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Relative Metric
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