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• {"link"=>{"url"=>"http://www.citeulike.org/user/rebekahthorn/article/2983242"}, "post_time"=>"2010-12-19 01:13:59", "tag"=>["druze", "genetic", "mtdna", "western_asia", "y-chromosome"], "linkout"=>[{"type"=>"DOI", "url"=>"http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105"}, {"type"=>"Pubmed", "url"=>"http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18461126"}, {"type"=>"Hubmed", "url"=>"http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18461126"}], "username"=>"rebekahthorn", "article_id"=>"2983242"}
• {"link"=>{"url"=>"http://www.citeulike.org/user/Archaeogenetics/article/2983242"}, "post_time"=>"2008-07-09 22:47:00", "tag"=>["druze", "g", "mt", "x2", "y"], "linkout"=>[{"type"=>"DOI", "url"=>"http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105"}, {"type"=>"Pubmed", "url"=>"http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18461126"}, {"type"=>"Hubmed", "url"=>"http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18461126"}], "username"=>"Archaeogenetics", "article_id"=>"2983242"}

Mendeley | Further Information

{"title"=>"The druze: A population genetic refugium of the Near East", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Liran I.", "last_name"=>"Shlush", "scopus_author_id"=>"23993337300"}, {"first_name"=>"Doron M.", "last_name"=>"Behar", "scopus_author_id"=>"7005936911"}, {"first_name"=>"Guennady", "last_name"=>"Yudkovsky", "scopus_author_id"=>"6506054228"}, {"first_name"=>"Alan", "last_name"=>"Templeton", "scopus_author_id"=>"7201988811"}, {"first_name"=>"Yarin", "last_name"=>"Hadid", "scopus_author_id"=>"12647525500"}, {"first_name"=>"Fuad", "last_name"=>"Basis", "scopus_author_id"=>"24728998800"}, {"first_name"=>"Michael", "last_name"=>"Hammer", "scopus_author_id"=>"7103177762"}, {"first_name"=>"Shalev", "last_name"=>"Itzkovitz", "scopus_author_id"=>"6603160576"}, {"first_name"=>"Karl", "last_name"=>"Skorecki", "scopus_author_id"=>"7005716205"}], "year"=>2008, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"issn"=>"19326203", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-47749093953", "sgr"=>"47749093953", "pui"=>"352025093", "isbn"=>"1932-6203 (Electronic)\\r1932-6203 (Linking)", "pmid"=>"18461126", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0002105"}, "id"=>"aec29c06-ca35-352d-8d23-a402c3ed299d", "abstract"=>"BACKGROUND: Phylogenetic mitochondrial DNA haplogroups are highly partitioned across global geographic regions. A unique exception is the X haplogroup, which has a widespread global distribution without major regions of distinct localization.\\n\\nPRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have examined mitochondrial DNA sequence variation together with Y-chromosome-based haplogroup structure among the Druze, a religious minority with a unique socio-demographic history residing in the Near East. We observed a striking overall pattern of heterogeneous parental origins, consistent with Druze oral tradition, together with both a high frequency and a high diversity of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) X haplogroup within a confined regional subpopulation. Furthermore demographic modeling indicated low migration rates with nearby populations.\\n\\nCONCLUSIONS: These findings were enabled through the use of a paternal kindred based sampling approach, and suggest that the Galilee Druze represent a population isolate, and that the combination of a high frequency and diversity of the mtDNA X haplogroup signifies a phylogenetic refugium, providing a sample snapshot of the genetic landscape of the Near East prior to the modern age.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/druze-population-genetic-refugium-near-east", "reader_count"=>51, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Professor > Associate Professor"=>3, "Researcher"=>11, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>3, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>13, "Student > Postgraduate"=>2, "Student > Master"=>8, "Other"=>1, "Student > Bachelor"=>5, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>4}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Professor > Associate Professor"=>3, "Researcher"=>11, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>3, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>13, "Student > Postgraduate"=>2, "Student > Master"=>8, "Other"=>1, "Student > Bachelor"=>5, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>4}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>2, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>35, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>7, "Arts and Humanities"=>2, "Physics and Astronomy"=>1, "Chemistry"=>1, "Social Sciences"=>1, "Linguistics"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>7}, "Chemistry"=>{"Chemistry"=>1}, "Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>1}, "Physics and Astronomy"=>{"Physics and Astronomy"=>1}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>35}, "Linguistics"=>{"Linguistics"=>1}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>2}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>1}, "Arts and Humanities"=>{"Arts and Humanities"=>2}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Austria"=>1, "United States"=>3, "Israel"=>1, "Australia"=>1}, "group_count"=>1}

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• http://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evs119
• http://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30636-0
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2008.10.008
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchb.2014.03.003
• http://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.30945
• http://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2009.166
• http://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22050
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2012.08.037
• http://doi.org/10.1002/humu.23842
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.11.058
• http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013996
• http://doi.org/10.1177/1352458512445059
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2013.04.011
• http://doi.org/10.1086/702709
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.03.007
• http://doi.org/10.1111/ahg.12056
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2017.04.001
• http://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2014.218
• http://doi.org/10.1038/srep35837
• http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080673
• http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003425
• http://doi.org/10.1097/GIM.0b013e31818d0e0f
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-010-1472-9
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchb.2013.07.002
• http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004401
• http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049438
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.12.010
• http://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4513
• http://doi.org/10.1111/eci.12019
• http://doi.org/10.14694/EdBook_AM.2015.35.e662

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{"EMBL"=>53, "UNIPROT"=>43}

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• 2987219

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• {"url"=>"http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.plos.org%2Fplosone%2Farticle%3Fid%3D10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0002105", "share_count"=>1, "like_count"=>0, "comment_count"=>0, "click_count"=>0, "total_count"=>1}

Journal Comments | Further Information

• {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/b0227999-df26-4c3c-9bdc-b984fdc30306", "title"=>"Referee Comments: Referee 1", "body"=>"Referee 1's Review:\n\n**********\nN.B. These are the comments made by the referee when reviewing an earlier version of this paper. Prior to publication, the manuscript has been revised in light of these comments and to address other editorial requirements.\n**********\n\nThis manuscript presents a detailed study of mitochondrial DNA lineages belonging to the X haplogroup in an Israeli Druze population. X, an ancient and fascinating lineage distributed throughout western Eurasia and North America, has long been a mystery to population geenticists studying human migratory history. The hypothesis advanced in the manuscript by Shlush et al. is that the current distribution of X results from an expansion out of refugia that acted as a type of 'nursery' for the development of X diversity. The authors suggest that the Israeli Druze population, and in particular the population from the region of Galilee, represents such a population refugium.\n\nI have several issue with the manuscript as a candidate for publication in PLoS One. First, it represents a very focused study on one particular mtDNA lineage in one particular population. As such, I feel that it's interest is mainly limited to specialists in the field of mtDNA population genetics, and that it may not appeal to the broader readership of PLoS One. Second, while the frequency of X lineages in the studied Druze population is quite high, the diversity - 2 and 5 distinct whole-genome lineages on the X1 and X2 branches, respectively - does not encompass the total range of variation found in haplogroup X, so the author's contention that such refugia account for the pattern of X diversity seen today is not strongly supported. I would, for instance, suggest that the present pattern is much more likely to have resulted from an ancient spread of X lineages during the Pleistocene which has since been subsumed under more recent Holocene migrations. Nonetheless, the pattern of X variation they see is interesting. I would have liked to have seen what the rest the mtDNA patterns looked like - if the Druze do truly represent a refugium, I would expect other lineages to exhibit similar patterns - or are the authors suggesting that the pattern of X diversity was preferentially maintained relative to that of other lineages? Finally, in general, it is unclear to me how a population that seems to have come into existence in the 12th-13th centuries from a diverse set of founders could be seen as a refugium for a mtDNA lineage that is perhaps 50,000 years old.\n\nI would urge the authors to re-draft their manuscript, giving a more complete picture of the overall pattern of mtDNA diversity in their Druze sample (not just haplogroup X) and submit it to AJHG or another more specialized journal.\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-05-13T23:50:44Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-05-13T23:50:44Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-05-13T23:50:44Z", "replies"=>[]}
• {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/d1d3d2d6-3006-4e38-a3df-066996bbceb4", "title"=>"Referee Comments: Referee 2", "body"=>"Referee 2's Review:\n\n**********\nN.B. These are the comments made by the referee when reviewing an earlier version of this paper. Prior to publication, the manuscript has been revised in light of these comments and to address other editorial requirements.\n**********\n\nThe manuscript entitled « The Druze: A Population Genetic Refugium of the Near East » by Shlush et al. presents a survey of mtDNA and Y-chromosome diversity in a very well-defined sample of Druze from diverse locations. The main result of this paper is that high frequencies and high diversity of mtDNA haplogroup X are observed. The authors conclude that this observation testifies for the Druze as representing a snapshot of the genetic landscape of the Middle East in more ancient times.\n\nThe paper is very well written and the conclusions are quite supported by the data. Moreover, I think that the sampling strategy used in exemplary. My only concern is that, although the authors have analyzed both Y-chromosome and mtDNA diversity, no mention of the Y-chromosome results is given in the main body of the text (just supplementary material). I strongly encourage the authors to at least write a paragraph giving the general observations of the Y-chromosome diversity both contrasting these results with those from mtDNA and in the more general context of the Y-chromosome diversity of the Middle East.\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-05-13T23:52:53Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-05-13T23:52:53Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-05-13T23:52:53Z", "replies"=>[]}
• {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/9cbc564c-4949-4120-a680-33dc1f32bd34", "title"=>"Referee Comments: Referee 3", "body"=>"Referee 3's Review:\n\n**********\nN.B. These are the comments made by the referee when reviewing an earlier version of this paper. Prior to publication, the manuscript has been revised in light of these comments and to address other editorial requirements.\n**********\n\nThis paper analyzes mtDNA and non-recombining Y-chromosome (NRY) variation in the Druze, a religious minority in the Near East. The authors find a high frequency and high diversity of mtDNA haplogroup X, which is otherwise found widespread geographically but at much lower frequencies, and suggest this might reflect the ancient structure of Near East populations.\n\nWhile the paper is generally sound, there are a number of ways in which the analyses could be improved, and there are some alternative interpretations which should be mentioned. Specifically:\n\np.3, end of first paragraph: the authors claim that the peculiar patter of haplogroup X, namely high diversity and low frequency over a widespread geographic region, suggests that haplogroup X was \"geographically concentrated\" for much of its history, resulting in high diversity, followed by migrations to many parts of the world. But this is just one possible scenario; it is also possible that haplogroup X was dispersed early on in history, followed by diversification in multiple populations. One way to test these (and other scenarios) would be demographic modeling via simulations, as has been carried out recently in other studies of human population history (e.g., Tishkoff et al., MBE Advance Access pulbication July 26, 2007), to see if the data can distinguish among these various possibilities.\n\np.4: The Druze are referred to as having a \"secret religion,\" what this means and the relevance for this study should be clarified as it is not clear what this is supposed to mean.\n\np.8: the formula in the middle of the page is not realistic as it assumes that each lineage contains the same number of individuals (i.e., each of the N lineages contains x individuals; a more general formulation would allow the number of individuals per lineage to vary, such as each of the Ni lineages to have xi individuals. Also at the bottom of this page, the authors estimate the probability that the Druze could have arisen via sampling from a source population, but the calculation is done with the assummption that current haplogroup/lineage frequencies are reasonable proxy estimates of past haplogroup/lineage frequencies. As mentioned in the first comment above, a better approach would be to model demographic history, thereby allowing for differences in ancestral frequencies and changes in population size, to see which historical scenarios can be supported/rejected by the data.\n\np.10, first complete sentence, \"Mitochondrial DNA analysis...\" is vague, do the authors mean here the HV1 sequences, complete sequences, or some other analysis?\n\npp.13-14, again the analytical methods here are all unrealistic as they assume that current haplogroup frequencies are reasonable estimates of ancestral haplogroup frequencies. This may or may not be true, but in any event it is not necessary to make this assumption if instead demographic modeling is carried out.\n\np.15: the authors make the point that their directed sampling detects higher diversity than a truly random sampling does. While this is true, this observation raises a larger issue that the authors ignore but that deserves some discussion: what is the most appropriate sample to obtain, directed or randome? If the goal is to discover as much diversity as possible, then it would seem that directed sampling is preferable. However, one could also argue that if the goal is to get an unbiased estimate of population diversity, then random sampling is preferable, as directed sampling does give a (upwardly) biased estimate of the diversity. This is an interesting issue (what should be the goal of population studies?) that may not have a simple answer but nonetheless deserves further discussion.\n\np.16: the authors give coalescence times for the major X subhaplogroups, but the method used to estimate these times assumes population expansions. Again, demographic modelling is preferable, to see if there is indeed a signal of population expansion in the data. Also, the middle of the page suggests that there have been changes in the Near East genetic landscape over time, which further makes unlikely the assumption that current haplogroup frequencies can then be used as estimates of past haplogroup frequencies. This point is also made on p. 17, first sentence of the Conclusions.\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2008-05-13T23:55:54Z", "lastModified"=>"2008-05-13T23:55:54Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>false, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2008-05-13T23:55:54Z", "replies"=>[]}

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• {"id"=>"548562345685835776", "text"=>"Mormons all over this ( tribes of Israel deal) http://t.co/wAXCLtYeWc", "created_at"=>"2014-12-26T19:33:49Z", "user"=>"drbuck7", "user_name"=>"dr buck", "user_profile_image"=>"http://abs.twimg.com/sticky/default_profile_images/default_profile_5_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"728667040077090817", "text"=>"@exmormontales @MoBugger @StickEee1 You're right. It only covers part of the matter. Now check this one out: https://t.co/1uzQ5L8SJS", "created_at"=>"2016-05-06T19:25:34Z", "user"=>"DevinBost", "user_name"=>"Devin Bost", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/712681325342228480/N7aFx_bE_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"749746505079074816", "text"=>"I want to see a reason to back your hypothesis. You're refuting the conclusions of https://t.co/ebJYd7bQzU ? https://t.co/tDfXS8cBKk", "created_at"=>"2016-07-03T23:27:51Z", "user"=>"DevinBost", "user_name"=>"Devin Bost", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/712681325342228480/N7aFx_bE_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"754381151645605889", "text"=>"@aaotaibe https://t.co/pBK3WQKI1n ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????aziz ?? ?????? https://t.co/5o1tGV1fq9", "created_at"=>"2016-07-16T18:24:16Z", "user"=>"aaotaibe", "user_name"=>"??????? ???????", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/627320622377349121/fFRRy-kn_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"754381930750156800", "text"=>"RT @aaotaibe: @aaotaibe https://t.co/pBK3WQKI1n ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????aziz ?? ?????? https://t.co/5o1tGV1fq9", "created_at"=>"2016-07-16T18:27:22Z", "user"=>"ZWAut0I3DkHEf5a", "user_name"=>"?????????", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/722391648429326336/KlYwzZ9u_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"754403968286126080", "text"=>"RT @aaotaibe: @aaotaibe https://t.co/pBK3WQKI1n ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????aziz ?? ?????? https://t.co/5o1tGV1fq9", "created_at"=>"2016-07-16T19:54:56Z", "user"=>"AboSaudEnezi", "user_name"=>"Abo Saud", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/701098721082261504/E6X83pDl_normal.jpg"}

Wikipedia | Further Information

• {"title"=>"Haplogroup X (mtDNA)", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_X_(mtDNA)", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-12T02:55:37Z"}
• {"title"=>"Haplogroup G-M406", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_G-M406", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-11T16:22:05Z"}
• {"title"=>"Haplogroup T (mtDNA)", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_T_(mtDNA)", "timestamp"=>"2019-03-11T02:45:53Z"}
• {"title"=>"Haplogroup G-M201", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_G-M201", "timestamp"=>"2019-01-04T17:41:15Z"}
• {"title"=>"Haplogroup J-M267", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_J-M267", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-26T14:35:38Z"}
• {"title"=>"Haplogroup I (mtDNA)", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I_(mtDNA)", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-26T03:12:26Z"}
• {"title"=>"Druze", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druze", "timestamp"=>"2019-03-16T06:15:38Z"}
• {"title"=>"Haplogroup E-M123", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_E-M123", "timestamp"=>"2019-03-03T14:15:05Z"}
• {"title"=>"Genetic studies on Jews", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_studies_on_Jews", "timestamp"=>"2019-03-17T01:26:24Z"}
• {"title"=>"Haplogroup E-M215 (Y-DNA)", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_E-M215_(Y-DNA)", "timestamp"=>"2019-03-13T20:14:30Z"}
• {"title"=>"Haplogroup E-V68", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_E-V68", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-23T23:27:56Z"}
• {"title"=>"Haplogroup G (Y-DNA) by country", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_G_(Y-DNA)_by_country", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-19T13:23:04Z"}
• {"title"=>"Haplogrupo X (ADNmt)", "url"=>"http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogrupo_X_(ADNmt)", "timestamp"=>"2018-11-20T13:04:11Z"}
• {"title"=>"ハプログループX (mtDNA)", "url"=>"http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ハプログループX_(mtDNA)", "timestamp"=>"2018-07-08T05:49:26Z"}
• {"title"=>"هابلوغروب E1b1b (Y-DNA)", "url"=>"http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/هابلوغروب_E1b1b_(Y-DNA)", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-14T20:22:41Z"}

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• {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2008", "pdf_views"=>"0", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"1"}
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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/459568", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/459625", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/459785", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/459833", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/459880", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/459915", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/459947", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/459982"], "description"=>"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Phylogenetic mitochondrial DNA haplogroups are highly partitioned across global geographic regions. A unique exception is the X haplogroup, which has a widespread global distribution without major regions of distinct localization.</p><h3>Principal Findings</h3><p>We have examined mitochondrial DNA sequence variation together with Y-chromosome-based haplogroup structure among the Druze, a religious minority with a unique socio-demographic history residing in the Near East. We observed a striking overall pattern of heterogeneous parental origins, consistent with Druze oral tradition, together with both a high frequency and a high diversity of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) X haplogroup within a confined regional subpopulation. Furthermore demographic modeling indicated low migration rates with nearby populations.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings were enabled through the use of a paternal kindred based sampling approach, and suggest that the Galilee Druze represent a population isolate, and that the combination of a high frequency and diversity of the mtDNA X haplogroup signifies a phylogenetic refugium, providing a sample snapshot of the genetic landscape of the Near East prior to the modern age.</p></div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["refugium"], "article_id"=>150554, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Liran I. Shlush", "Doron M. Behar", "Guennady Yudkovsky", "Alan Templeton", "Yarin Hadid", "Fuad Basis", "Michael Hammer", "Shalev Itzkovitz", "Karl Skorecki"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105.s001", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105.s002", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105.s003", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105.s004", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105.s005", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105.s006", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105.s007", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105.s008"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>48, "page_views"=>37, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/The_Druze_A_Population_Genetic_Refugium_of_the_Near_East/150554", "title"=>"The Druze: A Population Genetic Refugium of the Near East", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>4, "published_date"=>"2008-05-07 00:09:14"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/931732"], "description"=>"*<p> = lineages that were not defined under the current known mtDNA tree topology.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["druze", "haplogroup", "defined", "d-loop", "mtdna"], "article_id"=>602166, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Liran I. Shlush", "Doron M. Behar", "Guennady Yudkovsky", "Alan Templeton", "Yarin Hadid", "Fuad Basis", "Michael Hammer", "Shalev Itzkovitz", "Karl Skorecki"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105.t002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>7, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Haplotype_diversity_among_Druze_Haplogroup_K_and_H_as_defined_by_D_Loop_and_Full_mtDNA_sequence_/602166", "title"=>"Haplotype diversity among Druze Haplogroup K and H as defined by D-Loop and Full mtDNA sequence.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2008-05-07 00:36:06"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/931661"], "description"=>"<p>Demographic modeling using the IM application<a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105#pone.0002105-Hey1\" target=\"_blank\">[40]</a> applied to mtDNA HVS-I sequences (nucleotides 16067–16384) from various Near East populations. Red bars = Druze with other Near East populations. Purple bars = Near East populations among themselves. Migration rates represent the mode of the posterior distribution of the number of migrants per generation. The divergence time is in thousand of years. The following populations were used: 311 Druze from the current study. Sequences reported in Macaulay et al <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105#pone.0002105-Macaulay1\" target=\"_blank\">[7]</a>: Egyptians (Egypt) 67 samples; Iraqis (Iraq) 116 samples; Syrians (Syria) 69 samples; Palestinians (Pales) 110 samples; Turks (Turk) 218 samples; Armenians (Armenian) 191 samples; Adygei (Adyg) 50 samples; Greeks (Greece) 65 samples; Swedes (Swe) 32 samples; Nowegians (Nor) 231 samples; Basques (Basq) 156 samples. Sequences reported by Hammer et.al <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105#pone.0002105-Hammer2\" target=\"_blank\">[53]</a>: Bedouins (Bedouin) 58 samples. Sequences reported by Metspalu et.al <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105#pone.0002105-Metspalu1\" target=\"_blank\">[54]</a>: Iranian (Iran) 436 samples. Sequences reported by Thomas et.al <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105#pone.0002105-Thomas1\" target=\"_blank\">[55]</a>:Ashkenazi Jews (Ashkenazi) 78 samples Ethiopians (Ethiop) 74 samples.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["rates", "divergence", "times"], "article_id"=>602101, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Liran I. Shlush", "Doron M. Behar", "Guennady Yudkovsky", "Alan Templeton", "Yarin Hadid", "Fuad Basis", "Michael Hammer", "Shalev Itzkovitz", "Karl Skorecki"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>4, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Migration_Rates_and_Population_Divergence_Times_among_Near_East_Populations_/602101", "title"=>"Migration Rates and Population Divergence Times among Near East Populations.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2008-05-07 00:35:01"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/931555"], "description"=>"<p><a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105#pone-0002105-g001\" target=\"_blank\">Figure 1A:</a> Median-joining (MJ) network of the 41× haplogroup samples. The MJ<a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105#pone.0002105-Bandelt1\" target=\"_blank\">[51]</a> algorithm was implemented within the Network 4112 program. Areas of the colored nodes are proportional to haplotype frequencies. Each different color represents a different lineage. Nomenclature of node name: the first three characters of each node indicate the X haplogroup haplotype nomenclature according to Reidla et.al<a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105#pone.0002105-Reidla1\" target=\"_blank\">[4]</a>. Asterisks designate samples whose genotype does not match any of the currently designated subhaplogroups. The fourth character defines the Druze Galilee village in which the haplotype was the most prevalent, according to maternal ancestry. B = Beit Jaan; H = Hurfeish; J = Julis; L = Lebanon; P = Peq'in; S = Sajur; Y = Yirka. The fifth character indicates the haplotype serial number. CRS = the Cambridge Reference Sequence. Nucleotide changes are specified by suffixes only for transversions; insertions and deletions are not designated. <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105#pone-0002105-g001\" target=\"_blank\">Figure 1B:</a> The geographic distribution of the various Druze X haplogroup lineages in the Galilee region. Node names and colors are identical to those in <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105#pone-0002105-g001\" target=\"_blank\">figure 1A</a>.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["galilee"], "article_id"=>601998, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Liran I. Shlush", "Doron M. Behar", "Guennady Yudkovsky", "Alan Templeton", "Yarin Hadid", "Fuad Basis", "Michael Hammer", "Shalev Itzkovitz", "Karl Skorecki"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>3, "page_views"=>8, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Haplogroup_X_in_Galilee_Druze_/601998", "title"=>"Haplogroup X in Galilee Druze.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2008-05-07 00:33:18"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/931772"], "description"=>"<p>a = current study; b = Macaulay database; c = genetic diversity<a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105#pone.0002105-Nei1\" target=\"_blank\">[11]</a> according to HVS-I 16090–16365; d = genetic diversity according to full mitochondrial sequence.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["druze", "samples", "compared", "macaulay", "et"], "article_id"=>602207, "categories"=>["Genetics"], "users"=>["Liran I. Shlush", "Doron M. Behar", "Guennady Yudkovsky", "Alan Templeton", "Yarin Hadid", "Fuad Basis", "Michael Hammer", "Shalev Itzkovitz", "Karl Skorecki"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002105.t001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>7, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Haplogroup_X_Frequency_and_Genetic_Diversity_in_Druze_samples_of_the_Current_Study_Compared_with_Macaulay_et_al_7_/602207", "title"=>"Haplogroup X Frequency and Genetic Diversity in Druze samples of the Current Study, Compared with Macaulay et al[7].", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2008-05-07 00:36:47"}

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• {"unique-ip"=>"63", "full-text"=>"69", "pdf"=>"5", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"2"}
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• {"unique-ip"=>"152", "full-text"=>"212", "pdf"=>"5", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"28", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"4"}
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Relative Metric

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F1000Prime