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• {"link"=>{"url"=>"http://www.citeulike.org/user/ltitodem/article/9671544"}, "post_time"=>"2011-09-10 08:33:06", "tag"=>["effectiveness", "mexico", "mpa"], "linkout"=>{"type"=>"DOI", "url"=>"http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601"}, "username"=>"ltitodem", "article_id"=>"9671544"}
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{"title"=>"Large recovery of fish biomass in a no-take marine reserve", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Octavio", "last_name"=>"Aburto-Oropeza", "scopus_author_id"=>"6506774995"}, {"first_name"=>"Brad", "last_name"=>"Erisman", "scopus_author_id"=>"16315329300"}, {"first_name"=>"Grantly R.", "last_name"=>"Galland", "scopus_author_id"=>"35721919200"}, {"first_name"=>"Ismael", "last_name"=>"Mascareñas-Osorio", "scopus_author_id"=>"36439767300"}, {"first_name"=>"Enric", "last_name"=>"Sala", "scopus_author_id"=>"7004450599"}, {"first_name"=>"Exequiel", "last_name"=>"Ezcurra", "scopus_author_id"=>"35612496200"}], "year"=>2011, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"scopus"=>"2-s2.0-80051627659", "sgr"=>"80051627659", "issn"=>"19326203", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0023601", "pmid"=>"21858183", "isbn"=>"1932-6203", "pui"=>"362336033"}, "id"=>"fc88ff67-7860-340d-91a9-bad4a8fdc1a3", "abstract"=>"No-take marine reserves are effective management tools used to restore fish biomass and community structure in areas depleted by overfishing. Cabo Pulmo National Park (CPNP) was created in 1995 and is the only well enforced no-take area in the Gulf of California, Mexico, mostly because of widespread support from the local community. In 1999, four years after the establishment of the reserve, there were no significant differences in fish biomass between CPNP (0.75 t ha(-1) on average) and other marine protected areas or open access areas in the Gulf of California. By 2009, total fish biomass at CPNP had increased to 4.24 t ha(-1) (absolute biomass increase of 3.49 t ha(-1), or 463%), and the biomass of top predators and carnivores increased by 11 and 4 times, respectively. However, fish biomass did not change significantly in other marine protected areas or open access areas over the same time period. The absolute increase in fish biomass at CPNP within a decade is the largest measured in a marine reserve worldwide, and it is likely due to a combination of social (strong community leadership, social cohesion, effective enforcement) and ecological factors. The recovery of fish biomass inside CPNP has resulted in significant economic benefits, indicating that community-managed marine reserves are a viable solution to unsustainable coastal development and fisheries collapse in the Gulf of California and elsewhere.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/large-recovery-fish-biomass-notake-marine-reserve", "reader_count"=>416, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>9, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>18, "Librarian"=>3, "Researcher"=>95, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>15, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>74, "Student > Postgraduate"=>22, "Student > Master"=>86, "Other"=>28, "Student > Bachelor"=>42, "Lecturer"=>6, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>3, "Professor"=>15}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>9, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>18, "Librarian"=>3, "Researcher"=>95, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>15, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>74, "Student > Postgraduate"=>22, "Student > Master"=>86, "Other"=>28, "Student > Bachelor"=>42, "Lecturer"=>6, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>3, "Professor"=>15}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>17, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>229, "Arts and Humanities"=>1, "Business, Management and Accounting"=>1, "Computer Science"=>2, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>13, "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>1, "Engineering"=>4, "Environmental Science"=>127, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>2, "Mathematics"=>2, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>2, "Psychology"=>2, "Social Sciences"=>11, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>2}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>2}, "Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>11}, "Psychology"=>{"Psychology"=>2}, "Mathematics"=>{"Mathematics"=>2}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>17}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>127}, "Arts and Humanities"=>{"Arts and Humanities"=>1}, "Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>4}, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>{"Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>13}, "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>{"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>1}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>229}, "Computer Science"=>{"Computer Science"=>2}, "Business, Management and Accounting"=>{"Business, Management and Accounting"=>1}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>2}, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>{"Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>2}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Hong Kong"=>1, "United States"=>16, "Japan"=>1, "United Kingdom"=>2, "Kenya"=>2, "Portugal"=>1, "Spain"=>2, "India"=>1, "Canada"=>4, "Netherlands"=>1, "Mozambique"=>1, "Brazil"=>9, "Mexico"=>10, "U.S. Virgin Islands"=>1, "Italy"=>1, "South Africa"=>2, "France"=>2, "Jamaica"=>1, "Germany"=>2}, "group_count"=>24}

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• {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/133e7e49-8a54-44db-b186-9efe4d0d4ba7", "title"=>"Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"The following articles represent some of the media coverage that has occurred for this paper:\n\nPublication: Consortium for Ocean Leadership \nTitle: “Ocean Leadership - Hidden Baja Undersea Park is the World's Most Robust Marine Reserve”\nhttp://www.oceanleadership.org/2011/hidden-baja-undersea-park-is-the-worlds-most-robust-marine-reserve\n\nPublication: National Geographic \nTitle: “An Ocean Miracle in the Gulf of California-Can We Have More of This, Please? - News Watch”\nhttp://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/2011/08/12/an-ocean-miracle-in-the-gulf-of-california%E2%80%93can-we-have-more-of-this-please\n\nPublication: National Geographic \nTitle: “Pictures: Best Marine Park? Booming Fish Leap and Swarm”\nhttp://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/08/pictures/110815-worlds-most-robust-marine-park-cabo-pulmo-science-mexico-baja-california-public\n\nPublication: Live Science \nTitle: “Mexico Marine Life Makes Astounding Recovery | Cabo Pulmo National Park & Undersea Wildlife Reserves | LiveScience”\nhttp://www.livescience.com/15549-cabo-pulmo-national-park.html\n\nPublication: Natural Resources Defense Council Staff Blog \nTitle: “New study shows that Cabo Pulmo is the \"most robust marine preserve in the world\" | Amanda Maxwell's Blog | Switchboard, from NRDC”\nhttp://switchboard.nrdc.org/blogs/amaxwell/new_study_shows_that_cabo_pulm.html\n\nPublication: Christian Science Monitor \nTitle: “Fishing ban brings species back to Mexico park. But can it rebuild a fishery? - CSMonitor.com”\nhttp://www.csmonitor.com/Environment/2011/0815/Fishing-ban-brings-species-back-to-Mexico-park.-But-can-it-rebuild-a-fishery\n\nPublication: ScienceNews \nTitle: “Big Fish Return To Mexican Marine Park - Science News”\nhttp://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/333302/title/Big_fish_return_to_Mexican_marine_park__\n\nPublication: SCRIPPS News \nTitle: “SCRIPPS OCEANOGRAPHY NEWS Hidden Baja Undersea Park is the World's Most Robust Marine Reserve”\nhttp://scrippsnews.ucsd.edu/Releases/?releaseID=1180\n\nPublication: Cadena de Noticias \nTitle: “Cadena de Noticias”\nhttp://www.cdn.com.mx/archivos/nacional/ago11/15/reserv.htm\n\nPublication: Nature \nTitle: “Little Mexican reserve boasts big recovery : Nature News”\nhttp://www.nature.com/news/2011/110812/full/news.2011.479.html\n\nIf you see any additional coverage of this paper in the press or blogosphere, please reply to this thread and add the link to the article. \n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2011-08-22T15:28:33Z", "lastModified"=>"2011-08-22T15:28:33Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"PLoS ONE Staff"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>5, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2012-12-21T21:53:04Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>1605, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/42da2703-967e-4676-84d8-df9b26bb7743", "title"=>"RE: Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"Further media coverage of this paper can be found below:\n\nPublication: LaJolla Light \nTitle: “Research Report: SIO team reports on world’s most robust marine reserve”\nhttp://www.lajollalight.com/2011/08/16/research-report-sio-team-reports-on-world%E2%80%99s-most-robust-marine-reserve\n\nPublication: 10news.com \nTitle: “Marine Reserve Shows Unique Fishery Recovery - San Diego News Story - KGTV San Diego”\nhttp://www.10news.com/news/28850049/detail.html", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2011-08-26T12:44:03Z", "lastModified"=>"2011-08-26T12:44:03Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"PLoS ONE Staff"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>4, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2012-12-21T21:53:04Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>35627, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/9263e012-0787-4765-b2f1-b7baa725cf96", "title"=>"RE: RE: Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"The following article represents some of the media coverage that has occurred for this paper:\n\nPublication: News Review \nTitle: “Tropical fish boom - Earth Watch - Green Guide - September 29, 2011 - Chico News & Review”\nhttp://www.newsreview.com/chico/tropical-fish-boom/content?oid=3925254\n\nIf you see any additional coverage of this paper in the press or blogosphere, please reply to this thread and add the link to the article. ", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2011-09-30T20:48:38Z", "lastModified"=>"2011-09-30T20:48:38Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"PLoS ONE Staff"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>3, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2012-12-21T21:53:04Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>35825, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/4fd4b84f-45b7-4064-a852-e832f41ec1df", "title"=>"RE: RE: RE: Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"The following article represents some of the media coverage that has occurred for this paper:\n\nPublication: Laguna Beach Independent \nTitle: “Green Light | Laguna Beach Independent Newspaper, The \"Indy\" - Laguna Beach News”\nhttp://www.lagunabeachindependent.com/2011/11/10/green-light-6\n\nIf you see any additional coverage of this paper in the press or blogosphere, please reply to this thread and add the link to the article. ", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2011-11-15T17:00:31Z", "lastModified"=>"2011-11-15T17:00:31Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"PLoS ONE Staff"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>2, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2012-12-21T21:53:04Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>33807, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/0a78802e-12f2-4363-a413-4f4b4a6b608c", "title"=>"RE: RE: RE: RE: Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"The following article represents some of the media coverage that has occurred for this paper:\n\nPublication: NCTimes.com \nTitle: “Research shows fish are flourishing in marine reserve”\nhttp://www.nctimes.com/news/local/san-marcos/region-research-on-mexican-marine-reserve-shows-flourishing-fish/article_ba7234f7-a005-5fd1-8ae6-f56159b0dff7.html\n\nIf you see any additional coverage of this paper in the press or blogosphere, please reply to this thread and add the link to the article. ", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2011-12-09T21:16:49Z", "lastModified"=>"2011-12-09T21:16:49Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"PLoS ONE Staff"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>1, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2012-12-21T21:53:04Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>33251, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/8be588d7-6600-4ab0-9ac3-3af2ca46b1c5", "title"=>"RE: RE: RE: RE: RE: Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"The following article represents some of the media coverage that has occurred for this paper:\n\nPublication: National Geographic \nTitle: “A Key tool for Saving our Oceans “ News Watch”\nhttp://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/2012/12/14/73880/\n\nIf you see any additional coverage of this paper in the press or blogosphere, please reply to this thread and add the link to the article. \n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2012-12-21T21:53:04Z", "lastModified"=>"2012-12-21T21:53:04Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"PLOS ONE Staff"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2012-12-21T21:53:04Z", "replies"=>[]}]}]}]}]}]}

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• {"id"=>"215825789759918080", "text"=>"Last year, a few of us (led by @octavioaburto) documented the recovery of the marine comm. in #cabopulmo. http://t.co/C9ygcSQc #rioplus20", "created_at"=>"2012-06-21T15:17:32Z", "user"=>"GrantlyG", "user_name"=>"Grantly Galland", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1731078013/image_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"594865189671043072", "text"=>"PLOS ONE: Large Recovery of Fish Biomass in a No-Take Marine Reserve http://t.co/przGE7ZjrC", "created_at"=>"2015-05-03T14:04:47Z", "user"=>"fabienBERNARDON", "user_name"=>"BERNARDON Fabien", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2506967220/t42gvaahpo78x8qkn2a2_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"608615464055504896", "text"=>"http://t.co/1T4KEQlrgs http://t.co/S6JfWKJYuC", "created_at"=>"2015-06-10T12:43:28Z", "user"=>"FMundoAzul", "user_name"=>"Fundación Mundo Azul", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/484038049672593409/6dGLCphm_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"821419442051706886", "text"=>"No-take #marine #reserves are effective management tools used to restore #fish #biomass https://t.co/0VNLNIbAUN https://t.co/UgdxgqqetF", "created_at"=>"2017-01-17T18:10:30Z", "user"=>"octavioaburto", "user_name"=>"Octavio Aburto", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/478815406/Octavio_Aburto_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"821540412091269120", "text"=>"RT @octavioaburto: No-take #marine #reserves are effective management tools used to restore #fish #biomass https://t.co/0VNLNIbAUN https://…", "created_at"=>"2017-01-18T02:11:12Z", "user"=>"NextGenSD", "user_name"=>"N-Gen", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000347209094/7cb974a3a1c90d8fb8e1fb49f67bcf5b_normal.jpeg"}

Wikipedia | Further Information

• {"title"=>"Environmental impact of fishing", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_fishing", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-22T06:00:31Z"}

Wordpress.com | Further Information

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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/746579"], "description"=>"<p>(a) groupers, (b) snappers, (c) jacks, and (d) parrotfishes. Photographs were taken in the summers of 2008–2010 (Photography by: Octavio Aburto).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["assemblage", "cabo", "pulmo"], "article_id"=>416955, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Octavio Aburto-Oropeza", "Brad Erisman", "Grantly R. Galland", "Ismael Mascareñas-Osorio", "Enric Sala", "Exequiel Ezcurra"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601.g004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>4, "page_views"=>14, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Examples_of_the_fish_assemblage_at_Cabo_Pulmo_National_Park_CPNP_/416955", "title"=>"Examples of the fish assemblage at Cabo Pulmo National Park (CPNP).", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-08-12 01:55:55"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/746763"], "description"=>"<p>Rows indicate the test used or parameter measured (<i>F</i> for Fisher's equality of variances test; <i>t</i> for Student's <i>t</i>-test for unequal sample sizes and unequal variances; <i>U</i> for Mann-Whitney's rank-sum test, and ρ for the rate of change). Plus signs (+) indicate a significant increase in biomass variance (<i>F</i>), in mean biomass (<i>t</i>), or in ranked biomass (<i>U</i>); blank spaces indicate non-significant changes.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["biomass", "1999", "2009", "cabo", "pulmo", "no-take", "open-access"], "article_id"=>417127, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Octavio Aburto-Oropeza", "Brad Erisman", "Grantly R. Galland", "Ismael Mascareñas-Osorio", "Enric Sala", "Exequiel Ezcurra"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601.t002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>13, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Changes_in_fish_biomass_between_1999_and_2009_in_a_Cabo_Pulmo_National_Park_b_other_no_take_or_core_zones_and_c_open_access_areas_/417127", "title"=>"Changes in fish biomass between 1999 and 2009 in (a) Cabo Pulmo National Park, (b) other no-take or core zones, and (c) open-access areas.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2011-08-12 01:58:47"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/746310"], "description"=>"<p>Average biomass of fish trophic groups surveyed in 1999 and 2009 in each site category in the Gulf of California.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["biomass", "trophic", "groups", "surveyed", "1999", "2009", "gulf"], "article_id"=>416678, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Octavio Aburto-Oropeza", "Brad Erisman", "Grantly R. Galland", "Ismael Mascareñas-Osorio", "Enric Sala", "Exequiel Ezcurra"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>10, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Average_biomass_of_fish_trophic_groups_surveyed_in_1999_and_2009_in_each_site_category_in_the_Gulf_of_California_/416678", "title"=>"Average biomass of fish trophic groups surveyed in 1999 and 2009 in each site category in the Gulf of California.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-08-12 01:51:18"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/746723"], "description"=>"<p>*MPAs with rocky reefs included in this study.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["mpas", "established", "mexican", "gulf"], "article_id"=>417090, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Octavio Aburto-Oropeza", "Brad Erisman", "Grantly R. Galland", "Ismael Mascareñas-Osorio", "Enric Sala", "Exequiel Ezcurra"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601.t001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>7, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_List_of_MPAs_established_by_the_Mexican_Federal_Government_in_the_Gulf_of_California_/417090", "title"=>"List of MPAs established by the Mexican Federal Government in the Gulf of California.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2011-08-12 01:58:10"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/746155"], "description"=>"<p>A) Sites surveyed by Sala et al. in 1999 <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601#pone.0023601-Sala2\" target=\"_blank\">[35]</a>, and resurveyed here in 2009. Dots inside the circle represent sites surveyed in Cabo Pulmo National Park in 1999. Dots inside squares represent sites in core zones (no-take areas) of other marine protected areas; the rest represent open access sites. B) Map of 11 sites surveyed at Cabo Pulmo National Park in 2009.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["sampling"], "article_id"=>416526, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Octavio Aburto-Oropeza", "Brad Erisman", "Grantly R. Galland", "Ismael Mascareñas-Osorio", "Enric Sala", "Exequiel Ezcurra"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>5, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Location_of_sampling_sites_/416526", "title"=>"Location of sampling sites.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-08-12 01:48:46"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/746403"], "description"=>"<p>Data from other reserves were restricted to the few studies on temporal changes of total fish biomass (including all species) inside the same reserve. In all panels numbers in parentheses above bars represent years between surveys. In panels (b) and (c), relative annual rate of change between time zero and time <i>t</i> is calculated as: ρ = ln(<i>x_t</i>/<i>x</i>₀)/<i>t</i>. Data sources: Mombasa <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601#pone.0023601-McClanahan1\" target=\"_blank\">[6]</a>, New Caledonia <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601#pone.0023601-Wantiez1\" target=\"_blank\">[7]</a>, Saba <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601#pone.0023601-Roberts2\" target=\"_blank\">[43]</a>, St. Lucia <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601#pone.0023601-Hawkins1\" target=\"_blank\">[45]</a>, Sumilon and Apo <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601#pone.0023601-Russ3\" target=\"_blank\">[44]</a>.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["biomass", "cabo", "pulmo", "reserves"], "article_id"=>416773, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Octavio Aburto-Oropeza", "Brad Erisman", "Grantly R. Galland", "Ismael Mascareñas-Osorio", "Enric Sala", "Exequiel Ezcurra"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601.g003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>3, "page_views"=>7, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Comparison_of_the_magnitude_and_rate_of_change_of_fish_biomass_at_Cabo_Pulmo_National_Park_relative_to_other_marine_reserves_around_the_world_/416773", "title"=>"Comparison of the magnitude and rate of change of fish biomass at Cabo Pulmo National Park relative to other marine reserves around the world.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-08-12 01:52:53"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/376100"], "description"=>"<div><p>No-take marine reserves are effective management tools used to restore fish biomass and community structure in areas depleted by overfishing. Cabo Pulmo National Park (CPNP) was created in 1995 and is the only well enforced no-take area in the Gulf of California, Mexico, mostly because of widespread support from the local community. In 1999, four years after the establishment of the reserve, there were no significant differences in fish biomass between CPNP (0.75 t ha⁻¹ on average) and other marine protected areas or open access areas in the Gulf of California. By 2009, total fish biomass at CPNP had increased to 4.24 t ha⁻¹ (absolute biomass increase of 3.49 t ha⁻¹, or 463%), and the biomass of top predators and carnivores increased by 11 and 4 times, respectively. However, fish biomass did not change significantly in other marine protected areas or open access areas over the same time period. The absolute increase in fish biomass at CPNP within a decade is the largest measured in a marine reserve worldwide, and it is likely due to a combination of social (strong community leadership, social cohesion, effective enforcement) and ecological factors. The recovery of fish biomass inside CPNP has resulted in significant economic benefits, indicating that community-managed marine reserves are a viable solution to unsustainable coastal development and fisheries collapse in the Gulf of California and elsewhere.</p> </div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["biomass", "no-take"], "article_id"=>134294, "categories"=>["Inorganic Chemistry", "Ecology"], "users"=>["Octavio Aburto-Oropeza", "Brad Erisman", "Grantly R. Galland", "Ismael Mascareñas-Osorio", "Enric Sala", "Exequiel Ezcurra"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023601", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>7, "page_views"=>10, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/Large_Recovery_of_Fish_Biomass_in_a_No_Take_Marine_Reserve/134294", "title"=>"Large Recovery of Fish Biomass in a No-Take Marine Reserve", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2011-08-12 01:11:34"}

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

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Relative Metric

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F1000Prime