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{"title"=>"Development and inter-rater reliability of the Liverpool adverse drug reaction causality assessment tool", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Ruairi M.", "last_name"=>"Gallagher", "scopus_author_id"=>"37007486100"}, {"first_name"=>"Jamie J.", "last_name"=>"Kirkham", "scopus_author_id"=>"7006455894"}, {"first_name"=>"Jennifer R.", "last_name"=>"Mason", "scopus_author_id"=>"43361602100"}, {"first_name"=>"Kim A.", "last_name"=>"Bird", "scopus_author_id"=>"52163283200"}, {"first_name"=>"Paula R.", "last_name"=>"Williamson", "scopus_author_id"=>"55559027000"}, {"first_name"=>"Anthony J.", "last_name"=>"Nunn", "scopus_author_id"=>"7102771387"}, {"first_name"=>"Mark A.", "last_name"=>"Turner", "scopus_author_id"=>"8968212100"}, {"first_name"=>"Rosalind L.", "last_name"=>"Smyth", "scopus_author_id"=>"7102358057"}, {"first_name"=>"Munir", "last_name"=>"Pirmohamed", "scopus_author_id"=>"7006669713"}], "year"=>2011, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"pui"=>"363076121", "sgr"=>"83355170778", "issn"=>"19326203", "pmid"=>"22194808", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-83355170778", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0028096", "isbn"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0028096"}, "id"=>"e0fd34bb-68b4-3e89-9f96-8236a2d5ec90", "abstract"=>"AIM: To develop and test a new adverse drug reaction (ADR) causality assessment tool (CAT).\\n\\nMETHODS: A comparison between seven assessors of a new CAT, formulated by an expert focus group, compared with the Naranjo CAT in 80 cases from a prospective observational study and 37 published ADR case reports (819 causality assessments in total).\\n\\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Utilisation of causality categories, measure of disagreements, inter-rater reliability (IRR).\\n\\nRESULTS: The Liverpool ADR CAT, using 40 cases from an observational study, showed causality categories of 1 unlikely, 62 possible, 92 probable and 125 definite (1, 62, 92, 125) and 'moderate' IRR (kappa 0.48), compared to Naranjo (0, 100, 172, 8) with 'moderate' IRR (kappa 0.45). In a further 40 cases, the Liverpool tool (0, 66, 81, 133) showed 'good' IRR (kappa 0.6) while Naranjo (1, 90, 185, 4) remained 'moderate'.\\n\\nCONCLUSION: The Liverpool tool assigns the full range of causality categories and shows good IRR. Further assessment by different investigators in different settings is needed to fully assess the utility of this tool.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/development-interrater-reliability-liverpool-adverse-drug-reaction-causality-assessment-tool", "reader_count"=>57, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Professor > Associate Professor"=>5, "Researcher"=>9, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>2, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>9, "Student > Postgraduate"=>3, "Other"=>10, "Student > Master"=>12, "Student > Bachelor"=>4, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>2}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Professor > Associate Professor"=>5, "Researcher"=>9, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>2, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>9, "Student > Postgraduate"=>3, "Other"=>10, "Student > Master"=>12, "Student > Bachelor"=>4, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>2}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Nursing and Health Professions"=>1, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>38, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>7, "Design"=>1, "Arts and Humanities"=>1, "Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>8, "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Design"=>{"Design"=>1}, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>38}, "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>{"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"=>1}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>7}, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>{"Nursing and Health Professions"=>1}, "Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>{"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>8}, "Arts and Humanities"=>{"Arts and Humanities"=>1}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Republic of Singapore"=>1, "Luxembourg"=>1, "Brazil"=>1, "United Kingdom"=>2, "South Africa"=>1, "France"=>1}, "group_count"=>4}

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• {"id"=>"525239179471757312", "text"=>"Naranjo Algorithm is the most used causality assessment tool globally can be difficult to use new one available http://t.co/vD8WSe2oEs", "created_at"=>"2014-10-23T10:55:53Z", "user"=>"Mark_Geneix", "user_name"=>"Mark Bartlett", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3404661631/a12a4bfb570d8a8c0bea33ac11de034c_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"525314716957429761", "text"=>"RT @Mark_Geneix: Naranjo Algorithm is the most used causality assessment tool globally can be difficult to use new one available http://t.c…", "created_at"=>"2014-10-23T15:56:03Z", "user"=>"GeneixLTD", "user_name"=>"GENEIX", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/521622369228439554/c5UuU0I7_normal.jpeg"}

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• {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"29"}
• {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"2"}

Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/702200"], "description"=>"<p>*It is a journal requirement for authors of case reports in Annals of Pharmacotherapy to complete a Naranjo causality assessment. <b>Author identification for tables:</b> Gallagher RM (RG), Mason J (JM), Bird K (KB), Nunn AJ (TN), Turner MA (MT), Smyth RL (RS), Pirmohamed M (MP).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["assignments"], "article_id"=>372577, "categories"=>["Pharmacology", "Medicine", "Immunology", "Biotechnology"], "users"=>["Ruairi M. Gallagher", "Jamie J. Kirkham", "Jennifer R. Mason", "Kim A. Bird", "Paula R. Williamson", "Anthony J. Nunn", "Mark A. Turner", "Rosalind L. Smyth", "Munir Pirmohamed"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028096.t002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>3, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Causality_category_assignments_of_investigators_/372577", "title"=>"Causality category assignments of investigators.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2011-12-14 00:42:57"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/702241"], "description"=>"<p>%EA/ED and Kappa scores in italics represent Naranjo tool analyses.</p><p>%EA/ED and Kappa scores in normal font represent Liverpool ADR causality tool analyses.</p><p>Kappa scores outlined in bold demarcate either a good or very good level of agreement.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["liverpool", "40", "adr", "cases", "observational"], "article_id"=>372612, "categories"=>["Pharmacology", "Medicine", "Immunology", "Biotechnology"], "users"=>["Ruairi M. Gallagher", "Jamie J. Kirkham", "Jennifer R. Mason", "Kim A. Bird", "Paula R. Williamson", "Anthony J. Nunn", "Mark A. Turner", "Rosalind L. Smyth", "Munir Pirmohamed"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028096.t005", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>4, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Naranjo_and_Liverpool_tool_assessment_of_40_new_ADR_cases_from_an_observational_study_/372612", "title"=>"Naranjo and Liverpool tool assessment of 40 new ADR cases from an observational study.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2011-12-14 00:43:32"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/702016"], "description"=>"<p>Liverpool ADR causality assessment tool.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["adr", "causality"], "article_id"=>372390, "categories"=>["Pharmacology", "Medicine", "Immunology", "Biotechnology"], "users"=>["Ruairi M. Gallagher", "Jamie J. Kirkham", "Jennifer R. Mason", "Kim A. Bird", "Paula R. Williamson", "Anthony J. Nunn", "Mark A. Turner", "Rosalind L. Smyth", "Munir Pirmohamed"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028096.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>4, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Liverpool_ADR_causality_assessment_tool_/372390", "title"=>"Liverpool ADR causality assessment tool.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-12-14 00:39:50"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/701895"], "description"=>"<p>Flowchart of the development of the Liverpool ADR Causality Assessment Tool.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["liverpool", "adr", "causality"], "article_id"=>372263, "categories"=>["Pharmacology", "Medicine", "Immunology", "Biotechnology"], "users"=>["Ruairi M. Gallagher", "Jamie J. Kirkham", "Jennifer R. Mason", "Kim A. Bird", "Paula R. Williamson", "Anthony J. Nunn", "Mark A. Turner", "Rosalind L. Smyth", "Munir Pirmohamed"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028096.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>2, "page_views"=>21, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Flowchart_of_the_development_of_the_Liverpool_ADR_Causality_Assessment_Tool_/372263", "title"=>"Flowchart of the development of the Liverpool ADR Causality Assessment Tool.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2011-12-14 00:37:43"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/702119"], "description"=>"<p>Decisions made about questions within the Naranjo tool.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["questions", "naranjo"], "article_id"=>372489, "categories"=>["Pharmacology", "Medicine", "Immunology", "Biotechnology"], "users"=>["Ruairi M. Gallagher", "Jamie J. Kirkham", "Jennifer R. Mason", "Kim A. Bird", "Paula R. Williamson", "Anthony J. Nunn", "Mark A. Turner", "Rosalind L. Smyth", "Munir Pirmohamed"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028096.t001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>10, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Decisions_made_about_questions_within_the_Naranjo_tool_/372489", "title"=>"Decisions made about questions within the Naranjo tool.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2011-12-14 00:41:29"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/702293"], "description"=>"<p>Kappa scores outlined in bold demarcate either a good or very good level of agreement.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["adr", "causality", "37", "randomly", "published"], "article_id"=>372655, "categories"=>["Pharmacology", "Medicine", "Immunology", "Biotechnology"], "users"=>["Ruairi M. Gallagher", "Jamie J. Kirkham", "Jennifer R. Mason", "Kim A. Bird", "Paula R. Williamson", "Anthony J. Nunn", "Mark A. Turner", "Rosalind L. Smyth", "Munir Pirmohamed"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028096.t004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>7, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Liverpool_ADR_Causality_tool_assessment_of_37_randomly_selected_published_ADR_case_reports_/372655", "title"=>"Liverpool ADR Causality tool assessment of 37 randomly selected published ADR case reports.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2011-12-14 00:44:15"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/702163"], "description"=>"<p>%EA/ED and Kappa scores in italics represent Naranjo tool analyses.</p><p>%EA/ED and Kappa scores in normal font represent Liverpool ADR causality tool analyses.</p><p>Kappa scores outlined in bold demarcate either a good or very good level of agreement.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["liverpool", "40", "adr", "cases", "observational"], "article_id"=>372529, "categories"=>["Pharmacology", "Medicine", "Immunology", "Biotechnology"], "users"=>["Ruairi M. Gallagher", "Jamie J. Kirkham", "Jennifer R. Mason", "Kim A. Bird", "Paula R. Williamson", "Anthony J. Nunn", "Mark A. Turner", "Rosalind L. Smyth", "Munir Pirmohamed"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028096.t003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>5, "page_views"=>10, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Naranjo_and_Liverpool_tool_assessment_of_40_original_ADR_cases_from_an_observational_study_/372529", "title"=>"Naranjo and Liverpool tool assessment of 40 original ADR cases from an observational study.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2011-12-14 00:42:09"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/356845"], "description"=>"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To develop and test a new adverse drug reaction (ADR) causality assessment tool (CAT).</p> <h3>Methods</h3><p>A comparison between seven assessors of a new CAT, formulated by an expert focus group, compared with the Naranjo CAT in 80 cases from a prospective observational study and 37 published ADR case reports (819 causality assessments in total).</p> <h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><p><b> </b> Utilisation of causality categories, measure of disagreements, inter-rater reliability (IRR).</p> <h3>Results</h3><p>The Liverpool ADR CAT, using 40 cases from an observational study, showed causality categories of 1 unlikely, 62 possible, 92 probable and 125 definite (1, 62, 92, 125) and ‘moderate’ IRR (kappa 0.48), compared to Naranjo (0, 100, 172, 8) with ‘moderate’ IRR (kappa 0.45). In a further 40 cases, the Liverpool tool (0, 66, 81, 133) showed ‘good’ IRR (kappa 0.6) while Naranjo (1, 90, 185, 4) remained ‘moderate’.</p> <h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The Liverpool tool assigns the full range of causality categories and shows good IRR. Further assessment by different investigators in different settings is needed to fully assess the utility of this tool.</p> </div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["inter-rater", "liverpool", "adverse", "causality"], "article_id"=>130521, "categories"=>["Pharmacology", "Medicine", "Immunology", "Biotechnology"], "users"=>["Ruairi M. Gallagher", "Jamie J. Kirkham", "Jennifer R. Mason", "Kim A. Bird", "Paula R. Williamson", "Anthony J. Nunn", "Mark A. Turner", "Rosalind L. Smyth", "Munir Pirmohamed"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028096", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>2, "page_views"=>19, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/Development_and_Inter_Rater_Reliability_of_the_Liverpool_Adverse_Drug_Reaction_Causality_Assessment_Tool/130521", "title"=>"Development and Inter-Rater Reliability of the Liverpool Adverse Drug Reaction Causality Assessment Tool", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2011-12-14 00:08:41"}

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

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Relative Metric

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F1000Prime