When Giants Turn Up: Sighting Trends, Environmental Influences and Habitat Use of the Manta Ray Manta alfredi at a Coral Reef
- Publication Date
- October 03, 2012
- Journal
- PLOS ONE
- Authors
- Fabrice R. A. Jaine, Lydie I. E. Couturier, Scarla J. Weeks, Kathy A. Townsend, et al
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- e46170
- DOI
- https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046170
- Publisher URL
- http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0046170
- PubMed
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23056255
- PubMed Central
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3463571
- Europe PMC
- http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/23056255
- Web of Science
- 000309454000022
- Scopus
- 84867095339
- Mendeley
- http://www.mendeley.com/research/giants-turn-up-sighting-trends-environmental-influences-habitat-manta-ray-manta-alfredi-coral-reef
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Mendeley | Further Information
{"title"=>"When Giants Turn Up: Sighting Trends, Environmental Influences and Habitat Use of the Manta Ray Manta alfredi at a Coral Reef", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Fabrice R.A.", "last_name"=>"Jaine", "scopus_author_id"=>"54794181200"}, {"first_name"=>"Lydie I.E.", "last_name"=>"Couturier", "scopus_author_id"=>"41960963800"}, {"first_name"=>"Scarla J.", "last_name"=>"Weeks", "scopus_author_id"=>"35588922700"}, {"first_name"=>"Kathy A.", "last_name"=>"Townsend", "scopus_author_id"=>"8092652800"}, {"first_name"=>"Michael B.", "last_name"=>"Bennett", "scopus_author_id"=>"7403467912"}, {"first_name"=>"Kym", "last_name"=>"Fiora", "scopus_author_id"=>"55376468400"}, {"first_name"=>"Anthony J.", "last_name"=>"Richardson", "scopus_author_id"=>"7402534112"}], "year"=>2012, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"pmid"=>"23056255", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0046170", "sgr"=>"84867095339", "isbn"=>"1932-6203", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84867095339", "issn"=>"19326203", "pui"=>"365779636"}, "id"=>"087248b7-42d5-31f4-8b70-f52029dba71d", "abstract"=>"Manta rays Manta alfredi are present all year round at Lady Elliot Island (LEI) in the southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia, with peaks in abundance during autumn and winter. Drivers influencing these fluctuations in abundance of M. alfredi at the site remain uncertain. Based on daily count, behavioural, weather and oceanographic data collected over a three-year period, this study examined the link between the relative number of sightings of manta rays at LEI, the biophysical environment, and the habitat use of individuals around the LEI reef using generalised additive models. The response variable in each of the three generalised additive models was number of sightings (per trip at sea) of cruising, cleaning or foraging M. alfredi. We used a set of eleven temporal, meteorological, biological, oceanographic and lunar predictor variables. Results for cruising, cleaning and foraging M. alfredi explained 27.5%, 32.8% and 36.3% of the deviance observed in the respective models and highlighted five predictors (year, day of year, wind speed, chlorophyll-a concentration and fraction of moon illuminated) as common influences to the three models. There were more manta rays at LEI in autumn and winter, slower wind speeds, higher productivity, and around the new and full moon. The winter peak in sightings of foraging M. alfredi was found to precede peaks in cleaning and cruising activity around the LEI reef, which suggests that enhanced food availability may be a principal driver for this seasonal aggregation. A spatial analysis of behavioural observations highlighted several sites around the LEI reef as 'multi-purpose' areas where cleaning and foraging activities commonly occur, while the southern end of the reef is primarily a foraging area. The use of extensive citizen science datasets, such as those collected by dive operators in this study, is encouraged as they can provide valuable insights into a species' ecology.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/giants-turn-up-sighting-trends-environmental-influences-habitat-manta-ray-manta-alfredi-coral-reef", "reader_count"=>129, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>3, "Librarian"=>1, "Researcher"=>29, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>3, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>23, "Student > Postgraduate"=>8, "Student > Master"=>26, "Other"=>8, "Student > Bachelor"=>26, "Lecturer"=>1, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>3, "Librarian"=>1, "Researcher"=>29, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>3, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>23, "Student > Postgraduate"=>8, "Student > Master"=>26, "Other"=>8, "Student > Bachelor"=>26, "Lecturer"=>1, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>6, "Engineering"=>1, "Environmental Science"=>44, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>71, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>2, "Chemistry"=>1, "Social Sciences"=>2, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>2}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>1}, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>2}, "Chemistry"=>{"Chemistry"=>1}, "Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>2}, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>{"Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>2}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>71}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>6}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>44}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Mozambique"=>1, "United States"=>2, "Sri Lanka"=>1, "United Kingdom"=>2, "Mexico"=>1, "Malaysia"=>1, "Indonesia"=>1, "India"=>1}, "group_count"=>7}CrossRef
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Scopus | Further Information
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Journal Comments | Further Information
- {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/404e8aff-70bc-4fef-aa10-566bf922f249", "title"=>"Influence of reproductive activities", "body"=>"Great paper. Of further interest maybe work showing no correlation of M. alfredi sighting rates with tidal states (Deakos et al. 2011, p. 252) but rather strong seasonal trends associated with reproductive activities at cleaning stations (Deakos 2012). Additionally, strong differences in sex ratios betweent cleaning stations (e.g., strongly female biased in Mozambique (Marshall & Bennette 2010) or parity in Hawaii (Deakos et al. 2011)) further emphasize that not all cleaning stations are treated equally by all mantas and site selection may go beyond that of food availability.", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2012-10-04T13:52:54Z", "lastModified"=>"2012-10-04T13:52:54Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"282469"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0046170", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2012-10-04T13:52:54Z", "replies"=>[]}
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- {"id"=>"253602692763623424", "text"=>"When Giants Turn Up: Sighting Trends, Environmental Influences and Habitat Use of the Manta Ray http://t.co/SDSht7K3", "created_at"=>"2012-10-03T21:09:28Z", "user"=>"PLOSONE", "user_name"=>"PLOS ONE", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2429958559/mzjl6as5u2m09r2erof6_normal.jpeg"}
- {"id"=>"253623377112203264", "text"=>"RT @PLOSONE: RT @PLOSONE: When Giants Turn Up: Sighting Trends, Environmental Influences and Habitat Use of the Manta Ray http://t.co/SDSht7K3", "created_at"=>"2012-10-03T22:31:39Z", "user"=>"neptunejosh", "user_name"=>"Joshua", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1629938418/Josh_tknbyMto_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"253680857796182017", "text"=>"article: Manta rays - Sighting Trends, Environmental Influences and Habitat Use http://t.co/RTQzyYDP #marine #environment #spatial", "created_at"=>"2012-10-04T02:20:04Z", "user"=>"UQ_gpem", "user_name"=>"School of GPEM @ UQ", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2675355649/4b4abb4803e371269e8dd249c2233dcd_normal.png"}
- {"id"=>"253701880004358145", "text"=>"RT @UQ_gpem: RT @UQ_gpem: article: Manta rays - Sighting Trends, Environmental Influences and Habitat Use http://t.co/RTQzyYDP #marine #environment # ...", "created_at"=>"2012-10-04T03:43:36Z", "user"=>"QAAFI", "user_name"=>"QAAFI", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2598240785/yc87385eblluclxniruy_normal.jpeg"}
- {"id"=>"253724027003224064", "text"=>"Manta rays habitat selection at Lady Elliot Island in the Great Barrier Reef http://t.co/zAQy51TL Imagery from @geoimageau & @DigitalGlobe", "created_at"=>"2012-10-04T05:11:36Z", "user"=>"GeoimageAu", "user_name"=>"Geoimage PtyLtd", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1482209931/GEOIMAGE_LOGO_no_text_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"253727310438621184", "text"=>"RT @GeoimageAu: Manta rays habitat selection at Lady Elliot Island in the Great Barrier Reef http://t.co/zAQy51TL Imagery from @geoimage ...", "created_at"=>"2012-10-04T05:24:39Z", "user"=>"bradav", "user_name"=>"David", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/64431279/dab_normal.png"}
- {"id"=>"253754437577895937", "text"=>"Check out the latest Project Manta paper about the manta rays at Lady Elliot reef. It examines trends in... http://t.co/I9mbJF9r", "created_at"=>"2012-10-04T07:12:27Z", "user"=>"mantaturtle", "user_name"=>"Kath Townsend", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2184226214/image_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"253818152755003392", "text"=>"#SixIncredibleThingsBeforeBreakfast: Catching some rays. Manta rays have schooling preferences. http://t.co/j0dCfWFw #ethology via @PLOSONE", "created_at"=>"2012-10-04T11:25:37Z", "user"=>"m_m_campbell", "user_name"=>"Malcolm M. Campbell", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1752503297/260714_100000752280655_74601805_n_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"253874847321583617", "text"=>"When Giants Turn Up: Manta rays studied by #citizenscience in research paper http://t.co/rpgBJrHn and in the news http://t.co/xXT92IEU", "created_at"=>"2012-10-04T15:10:55Z", "user"=>"CoopSciScoop", "user_name"=>"Caren Cooper", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2353114425/cooper_pic_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"253874932897939456", "text"=>"RT @CoopSciScoop: RT @CoopSciScoop: When Giants Turn Up: Manta rays studied by #citizenscience in research paper http://t.co/rpgBJrHn and in the news http ...", "created_at"=>"2012-10-04T15:11:15Z", "user"=>"YourWild_Life", "user_name"=>"Your Wild Life Team", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1813344450/yourwildlife_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"253952685181652992", "text"=>"RT @geoimageau: Manta rays habitat selection at Lady Elliot Island in the Great Barrier Reef http://t.co/fVKCFc3L #DigitalGlobe #geoimageau", "created_at"=>"2012-10-04T20:20:13Z", "user"=>"DigitalGlobe", "user_name"=>"DigitalGlobe", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1834068596/DG-Twitter-131x131_normal.png"}
- {"id"=>"254077476236570624", "text"=>"RT @DigitalGlobe: RT @geoimageau: Manta rays habitat selection at Lady Elliot Island in the Great Barrier Reef http://t.co/fVKCFc3L #Dig ...", "created_at"=>"2012-10-05T04:36:05Z", "user"=>"pmnatural", "user_name"=>"Priscilla Minotti", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1528197831/Priscilla_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"254597736559693825", "text"=>"Link to a full journal article on manta rays. FACT: I once saw a dead stingray.\n\nhttp://t.co/NDjXASxX", "created_at"=>"2012-10-06T15:03:25Z", "user"=>"SeanCMorrison", "user_name"=>"Sean Morrison", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2506199919/image_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"256132824149655553", "text"=>"#PLOSONE: When Giants Turn Up: Sighting Trends, Environmental Influences and Habitat Use... http://t.co/zEV088JV", "created_at"=>"2012-10-10T20:43:18Z", "user"=>"JacobLevenson", "user_name"=>"Jake", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1199597477/image_normal.jpg"}
- {"id"=>"261959459365060611", "text"=>"RT @DigitalGlobe: RT @geoimageau: Manta rays habitat selection at Lady Elliot Island in the Great Barrier Reef http://t.co/fVKCFc3L #Dig ...", "created_at"=>"2012-10-26T22:36:16Z", "user"=>"pkinne", "user_name"=>"PK", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2317665177/ljigk06466lchkk01d0r_normal.jpeg"}
- {"id"=>"353122623691038722", "text"=>"http://t.co/aPy3ANDhJU More about habitat use in M. alfredi. http://t.co/Ujl8baiIcI", "created_at"=>"2013-07-05T12:06:08Z", "user"=>"rpaston", "user_name"=>"Robert Aston", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/250312727/robert_thumbnail_normal.jpg"}
Wikipedia | Further Information
- {"title"=>"Aquatic feeding mechanisms", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic_feeding_mechanisms", "timestamp"=>"2018-08-03T01:55:10Z"}
- {"title"=>"Giant oceanic manta ray", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_oceanic_manta_ray", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-09T20:59:40Z"}
- {"title"=>"Reef manta ray", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reef_manta_ray", "timestamp"=>"2019-01-30T00:45:52Z"}
- {"title"=>"Manta ray", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manta_ray", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-27T09:14:10Z"}
- {"title"=>"Diversity of fish", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversity_of_fish", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-23T22:58:08Z"}
- {"title"=>"Manta (genre)", "url"=>"http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manta_(genre)", "timestamp"=>"2018-09-08T10:32:10Z"}
- {"title"=>"珊瑚礁鬼蝠魟", "url"=>"http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/珊瑚礁鬼蝠魟", "timestamp"=>"2019-02-18T06:08:36Z"}
- {"title"=>"File:Manta alfredi cruising - journal.pone.0046170.g002A.jpg", "url"=>"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Manta_alfredi_cruising_-_journal.pone.0046170.g002A.jpg", "timestamp"=>"2017-02-28T04:15:25Z"}
- {"title"=>"File:Manta alfredi foraging - journal.pone.0046170.g002C.jpg", "url"=>"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Manta_alfredi_foraging_-_journal.pone.0046170.g002C.jpg", "timestamp"=>"2017-02-28T04:11:27Z"}
- {"title"=>"File:Manta alfredi cruising - journal.pone.0046170.g002A.png", "url"=>"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Manta_alfredi_cruising_-_journal.pone.0046170.g002A.png", "timestamp"=>"2016-11-26T18:28:22Z"}
- {"title"=>"File:Manta alfredi at a ‘cleaning station’ - journal.pone.0046170.g002B.jpg", "url"=>"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Manta_alfredi_at_a_‘cleaning_station’_-_journal.pone.0046170.g002B.jpg", "timestamp"=>"2017-02-28T04:14:23Z"}
- {"title"=>"File:Manta alfredi at a ‘cleaning station’ - journal.pone.0046170.g002B.png", "url"=>"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Manta_alfredi_at_a_‘cleaning_station’_-_journal.pone.0046170.g002B.png", "timestamp"=>"2016-11-26T18:28:23Z"}
- {"title"=>"File:Manta alfredi foraging - journal.pone.0046170.g002C.png", "url"=>"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Manta_alfredi_foraging_-_journal.pone.0046170.g002C.png", "timestamp"=>"2016-11-26T18:28:22Z"}
- {"title"=>"File:Manta alfredi ram feeding.png", "url"=>"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Manta_alfredi_ram_feeding.png", "timestamp"=>"2016-11-26T18:28:30Z"}
Counter
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2012", "pdf_views"=>"216", "xml_views"=>"7", "html_views"=>"2560"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2012", "pdf_views"=>"38", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"177"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2012", "pdf_views"=>"13", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"86"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"18", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"94"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"19", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"112"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"113"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"18", "xml_views"=>"4", "html_views"=>"129"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"23", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"129"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"13", "xml_views"=>"71", "html_views"=>"133"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"23", "html_views"=>"123"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"90"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"22", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"94"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"78"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"76"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2013", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"63"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"132"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"41", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"144"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"18", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"144"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"132"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"13", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"124"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"76"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"52", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"85"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"64"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"13", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"71"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"79"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"84"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"19", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"50"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"62"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"75"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"72"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"88"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"58"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"56"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"58"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"63"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"18", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"50"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"18", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"63"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"51"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"74"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"107"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"64"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"65"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"85"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"61"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"38"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"76"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"101"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"31", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"141"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"13", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"116"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"100"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"79"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"99"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"23", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"106"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"18", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"123"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"19", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"108"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"67"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"53"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"28"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"56"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"20", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"64"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"17", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"83"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"13", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"84"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"53"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"24", "xml_views"=>"4", "html_views"=>"49"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"24", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"46"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"23", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"53"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"28", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"56"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"32"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"33"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"22", "xml_views"=>"5", "html_views"=>"25"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"17", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"30"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"27"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"50"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"30", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"56"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"26"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"29"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"53"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"18", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"38"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"17", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"29"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"24", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"34"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"21", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"22"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"29", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"42"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"29"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"27"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"39", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"46"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"23", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"95"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"21", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"58"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"24", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"40"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"35"}
- {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"53"}
- {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"17", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"21"}
- {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"29", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"26"}
- {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"24"}
- {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"17", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"30"}
- {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"13", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"27"}
- {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"25", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"81"}
- {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"47", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"70"}
- {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"29", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"77"}
- {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2020", "pdf_views"=>"22", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"34"}
- {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2021", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"47"}
- {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2021", "pdf_views"=>"25", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"56"}
PMC Usage Stats | Further Information
- {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"7", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"10"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"12"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"1"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"3"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"9", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"5", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"2"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"12", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"4"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2012", "month"=>"11"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"12", "full-text"=>"17", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"11", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"5"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"7", "pdf"=>"6", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"6"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"7"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"8"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"9"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"3", "full-text"=>"3", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"10"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"11"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2013", "month"=>"12"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"4", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"1"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"2"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"14", "full-text"=>"16", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"3"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"5"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"12", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"6"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"9", "full-text"=>"8", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"4"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"12", "full-text"=>"13", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"4"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"12", "full-text"=>"13", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"5"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"9", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"6"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"7"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"15", "full-text"=>"16", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"3"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"12", "full-text"=>"17", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"2"}
- {"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"8"}
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Relative Metric
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