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{"title"=>"Beta-Adrenergic Modulation of Tremor and Corticomuscular Coherence in Humans", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Mark R.", "last_name"=>"Baker", "scopus_author_id"=>"55331825500"}, {"first_name"=>"Stuart N.", "last_name"=>"Baker", "scopus_author_id"=>"7403307923"}], "year"=>2012, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"issn"=>"19326203", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84869776928", "sgr"=>"84869776928", "pui"=>"366105361", "isbn"=>"1932-6203 (Electronic)\\n1932-6203 (Linking)", "pmid"=>"23185297", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0049088"}, "id"=>"f3141eeb-0ffb-3ceb-8786-bdf203058f1e", "abstract"=>"Coherence between the bioelectric activity of sensorimotor cortex and contralateral muscles can be observed around 20 Hz. By contrast, physiological tremor has a dominant frequency around 10 Hz. Although tremor has multiple sources, it is partly central in origin, reflecting a component of motoneuron discharge at this frequency. The motoneuron response to similar to 20 Hz descending input could be altered by non-linear interactions with similar to 10 Hz motoneuron firing. We investigated this further in eight healthy human subjects by testing the effects of the beta-adrenergic agents propranolol (non-selective beta-antagonist) and salbutamol (beta(2)-agonist), which are known to alter the size of physiological tremor. Corticomuscular coherence was assessed during an auxotonic precision grip task; tremor was quantified using accelerometry during index finger extension. Experiments with propranolol used a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. A single oral dose of propranolol (40 mg) significantly increased beta band (15.3-32.2 Hz) corticomuscular coherence compared with placebo, but reduced tremor in the 6.2-11.9 Hz range. Salbutamol (2.5 mg) was administered by inhalation. Whilst salbutamol significantly increased tremor amplitude as expected, it did not change corticomuscular coherence. The opposite direction of the effects of propranolol on corticomuscular coherence and tremor, and the fact that salbutamol enhances tremor but does not affect coherence, implies that the magnitude of corticomuscular coherence is little influenced by non-linear interactions with 10 Hz oscillations in motoneurons or the periphery. Instead, we suggest that propranolol and salbutamol may affect both tremor and corticomuscular coherence partly via a central site of action.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/betaadrenergic-modulation-tremor-corticomuscular-coherence-humans", "reader_count"=>38, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>5, "Researcher"=>9, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>2, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>12, "Student > Master"=>2, "Other"=>2, "Student > Bachelor"=>1, "Professor"=>4}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>5, "Researcher"=>9, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>2, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>12, "Student > Master"=>2, "Other"=>2, "Student > Bachelor"=>1, "Professor"=>4}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Engineering"=>5, "Unspecified"=>3, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>7, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>10, "Neuroscience"=>8, "Sports and Recreations"=>2, "Psychology"=>3}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>5}, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>10}, "Neuroscience"=>{"Neuroscience"=>8}, "Sports and Recreations"=>{"Sports and Recreations"=>2}, "Psychology"=>{"Psychology"=>3}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>7}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>3}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"United States"=>2, "Japan"=>1, "Chile"=>1, "Germany"=>1}, "group_count"=>1}

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• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2013.08.008
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-018-9052-z
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.03.029
• http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084054
• http://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.13641
• http://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00228.2013
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2015.10.007
• http://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001565

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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/539380"], "description"=>"<p>A. Postural tremor task. B. Example of postural physiological tremor in a single subject, recorded via an accelerometer. C. Auxotonic precision grip task. D. Lever displacement and average rectified EMG recorded from <i>extensor digitorum communis</i> (EDC), <i>flexor digitorum supeficialis</i> (FDS), <i>abductor digiti minimi</i> (AbDM), <i>abductor pollicis brevis</i> (AbPB) and <i>first dorsal interosseous</i> (1DI) muscles in a single subject during a single trial of the auxotonic task.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["physiology", "neuroscience", "pharmacology", "neurological disorders"], "article_id"=>209873, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Neuroscience", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["Mark R. Baker", "Stuart N. Baker"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049088.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>9, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Experimental_tasks_/209873", "title"=>"Experimental tasks.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-19 19:58:47"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/539571"], "description"=>"<p>Each column of this figure refers to the effects of a different substance: placebo (A,D,G,J), propranolol (B,E,H,K) and salbutamol (C,F,I,L). A–C, effect on postural tremor during an index finger extension task. Traces show the power spectrum of the finger acceleration, before and after substance ingestion. Yellow shaded region corresponds to the band of physiological tremor (6.2–11.9 Hz). D–F, effect on EMG power. G–I, effect on EEG power. J–L, effect on corticomuscular coherence. In (D–L), all measurements were made during the second hold phase of a hold-ramp-hold auxotonic precision grip task (see <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0049088#s2\" target=\"_blank\">Methods</a>). Yellow shaded region marks the 15.3–32.2 Hz band of beta oscillations. EMG power spectra (D–F) and corticomuscular coherence (J–L) have been averaged over all five muscles recorded. In (J–L), horizontal dashed lines indicate the significance level for the averaged coherence.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["physiology", "neuroscience", "pharmacology", "neurological disorders"], "article_id"=>210066, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Neuroscience", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["Mark R. Baker", "Stuart N. Baker"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049088.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>3, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Single_Subject_Data_/210066", "title"=>"Single Subject Data.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-19 19:59:52"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/540083"], "description"=>"<p>Each point relates to a frequency bin in the 15.3–32.2 Hz range in individual muscles and subjects which showed significant coherence both before and after substance administration. The phase after the drug is plotted against the phase before. A, placebo, B, propranolol C, salbutamol. Dashed line indicates identity. Note that in (C) the majority of points lie below the line of identity.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["coherence"], "article_id"=>210579, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Neuroscience", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["Mark R. Baker", "Stuart N. Baker"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049088.g007", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>2, "page_views"=>4, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Change_in_Coherence_Phase_Following_Substance_Administration_/210579", "title"=>"Change in Coherence Phase Following Substance Administration.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-19 20:02:41"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/539818"], "description"=>"<p>A,B, EMG power spectra, averaged across all eight subjects and five muscles, before and after administration of placebo (A) and propranolol (B). C, total EMG power in the 15.3–32.2 Hz beta band (shaded yellow in A,B), plotted for single subjects before and after placebo and propranolol. Both substances significantly increased EMG beta power. D, changes in EMG power in the 15.3–32.2 Hz band produced by placebo and propranolol. Each point is the difference of the ‘after’ and ‘before’ points from the corresponding subject in (C). There was no significant difference in the change in beta-band power between placebo and propranolol. E–H, similar display as (A–D), but for EEG power. Propranolol significantly increased EEG power in the beta band, but there was no significant difference between the changes seen after placebo and propranolol. I–L, similar display as (A–D), but for corticomuscular coherence (averaged over all five available muscles). Dashed horizontal lines in (I,J) mark the significance level for the averaged coherence (P<0.05). Coherence was significantly increased after both placebo and propranolol (K), but the change in coherence was significantly greater for propranolol than for placebo (L).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["propranolol", "beta-band", "oscillations", "auxotonic", "precision"], "article_id"=>210308, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Neuroscience", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["Mark R. Baker", "Stuart N. Baker"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049088.g004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>13, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Effects_of_Propranolol_on_Beta_band_Oscillations_during_the_Auxotonic_Precision_Grip_Task_/210308", "title"=>"Effects of Propranolol on Beta-band Oscillations during the Auxotonic Precision Grip Task.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-19 20:01:07"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/539916"], "description"=>"<p>A, EMG power spectrum, averaged over all five muscles and eight subjects, before and after administration of salbutamol. B, total power in the 15.3–32.2 Hz band (shaded yellow in A) before and after salbutamol inhalation. Each point gives data from a single subject. C,D, as (A,B), but for EEG power. E,F, as (A,B), but for corticomuscular coherence. Dashed horizontal line in (E) marks the significance limit for the coherence (P<0.05). None of the measures displayed in (B,D,F) significantly changed after salbutamol administration (P>0.05).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["salbutamol", "beta-band", "oscillations", "auxotonic", "precision"], "article_id"=>210408, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Neuroscience", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["Mark R. Baker", "Stuart N. Baker"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049088.g005", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>1, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Effects_of_Salbutamol_on_Beta_band_Oscillations_during_the_Auxotonic_Precision_Grip_Task_/210408", "title"=>"Effects of Salbutamol on Beta-band Oscillations during the Auxotonic Precision Grip Task.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-19 20:01:40"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/539992"], "description"=>"<p>A, finger acceleration power spectra, measured prior to salbutamol administration, averaged across all eight subjects. The available recording from each subject was divided in half, and each half analysed separately. B, total acceleration power over the 6.2–11.9 Hz range (yellow shading in A) in each half of the recording. Each point shows data from one subject; lines link data from the same subject. Data points are colour coded to match the colours used in (A). C, corticomuscular coherence, averaged over all five muscles and eight subjects, measured from the first and last half of the available recording in each subject during performance of the auxotonic precision grip task. D, single subject data for the average coherence in the 15.3–32.2 Hz band (yellow shading in C), using the same format at (B). There was no significant change in either tremor or coherence between the first and last half of the recorded datasets (P>0.05).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["tremor", "corticomuscular"], "article_id"=>210489, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Neuroscience", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["Mark R. Baker", "Stuart N. Baker"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049088.g006", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>10, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Reproducibility_of_Tremor_and_Corticomuscular_Coherence_/210489", "title"=>"Reproducibility of Tremor and Corticomuscular Coherence.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-19 20:02:08"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/539693"], "description"=>"<p>All measurements in this figure were taken during index finger extension. A, B, changes in finger acceleration power spectra, averaged across all eight subjects, before and after administration of placebo (A) and propranolol (B). C, total acceleration power over the 6.2–11.9 Hz range (yellow shading in A,B) before and after substance administration. Each point shows data from one subject; lines link data from the same subject. Data points are colour coded to match the colours used in (A,B). There was no significant change in tremor power after either placebo or propranolol. D, changes in tremor power after administration of placebo or propranolol. Each point shows the difference between the ‘after’ and ‘before’ points from the corresponding subject shown in (C). Propranolol reduced tremor power significantly compared to placebo (P<0.05). E, changes in finger acceleration power spectra, averaged across all eight subjects, before and after administration of salbutamol. F, total acceleration power over the 6.2–11.9 Hz range (yellow shading in E) before and after salbutamol administration. Tremor power was significantly increased after salbutamol (P<0.05).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["resting"], "article_id"=>210194, "categories"=>["Physiology", "Neuroscience", "Pharmacology"], "users"=>["Mark R. Baker", "Stuart N. Baker"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049088.g003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>11, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Effects_on_Resting_Tremor_/210194", "title"=>"Effects on Resting Tremor.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-02-19 20:00:34"}

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Relative Metric

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F1000Prime