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{"title"=>"Gauging the Threat: The First Population Estimate for White Sharks in South Africa Using Photo Identification and Automated Software", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Alison V.", "last_name"=>"Towner", "scopus_author_id"=>"54780810100"}, {"first_name"=>"Michelle A.", "last_name"=>"Wcisel", "scopus_author_id"=>"37057991500"}, {"first_name"=>"Ryan R.", "last_name"=>"Reisinger", "scopus_author_id"=>"25960361100"}, {"first_name"=>"David", "last_name"=>"Edwards", "scopus_author_id"=>"55762928600"}, {"first_name"=>"Oliver J D", "last_name"=>"Jewell", "scopus_author_id"=>"54389376400"}], "year"=>2013, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"issn"=>"19326203", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84878935418", "sgr"=>"84878935418", "pui"=>"369102465", "isbn"=>"1932-6203", "pmid"=>"23776600", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0066035"}, "id"=>"ed68f12e-5439-3352-8f13-398f2ea566d7", "abstract"=>"South Africa is reputed to host the world’s largest remaining population of white sharks, yet no studies have accurately determined a population estimate based on mark-recapture of live individuals. We used dorsal fin photographs (fin IDs) to identify white sharks in Gansbaai, South Africa, from January 2007 – December 2011. We used the computer programme DARWIN to catalogue and match fin IDs of individuals; this is the first study to successfully use the software for white shark identification. The programme performed well despite a number of individual fins showing drastic changes in dorsal fin shape over time. Of 1682 fin IDs used, 532 unique individuals were identified. We estimated population size using the open-population POPAN parameterisation in Program MARK, which estimated the superpopulation size at 908 (95% confidence interval 808–1008). This estimated population size is considerably larger than those described at other aggregation areas of the species and is comparable to a previous South African population estimate conducted 16 years prior. Our assessment suggests the species has not made a marked recovery since being nationally protected in 1991. As such, additional international protection may prove vital for the long-term conservation of this threatened species.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/gauging-threat-first-population-estimate-white-sharks-south-africa-using-photo-identification-automa", "reader_count"=>84, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>3, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>1, "Librarian"=>2, "Researcher"=>16, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>2, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>15, "Student > Postgraduate"=>3, "Other"=>2, "Student > Master"=>24, "Student > Bachelor"=>11, "Lecturer"=>2, "Professor"=>3}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>3, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>1, "Librarian"=>2, "Researcher"=>16, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>2, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>15, "Student > Postgraduate"=>3, "Other"=>2, "Student > Master"=>24, "Student > Bachelor"=>11, "Lecturer"=>2, "Professor"=>3}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>5, "Environmental Science"=>12, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>2, "Mathematics"=>1, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>56, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>2, "Physics and Astronomy"=>1, "Computer Science"=>1, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>4}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>2}, "Physics and Astronomy"=>{"Physics and Astronomy"=>1}, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>{"Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>4}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>56}, "Computer Science"=>{"Computer Science"=>1}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>2}, "Mathematics"=>{"Mathematics"=>1}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>5}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>12}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Austria"=>1, "United States"=>2, "Mexico"=>2, "United Kingdom"=>1, "South Africa"=>1, "Israel"=>1, "Germany"=>1, "Spain"=>1}, "group_count"=>3}

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• http://doi.org/10.2989/1814232X.2015.1077888
• http://doi.org/10.3354/meps12283
• http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094407
• http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-19115-x
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-014-1825-5
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-016-2179-y
• http://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.13396
• http://doi.org/10.2989/1814232X.2015.1044471
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-016-2916-9
• http://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-015-0044-9
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2020.151490
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.07.024
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-019-2745-1
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-016-0961-y
• http://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.2937
• http://doi.org/10.3354/meps11744
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.12.004
• http://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0142
• http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20593-w
• http://doi.org/10.2989/1814232X.2014.954618
• http://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14255
• http://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00455
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2016.09.010
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.02.007
• http://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2014.942046
• http://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-018-0125-5
• http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37576-6
• http://doi.org/10.3354/meps12284
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.12.002
• http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098078
• http://doi.org/10.3354/meps10814
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0634-2
• http://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3057
• http://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esv001
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-017-0679-x
• http://doi.org/10.2989/1814232X.2020.1760936

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• 3989224
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Journal Comments | Further Information

• {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/1d8248f1-7180-4296-afce-2b4090bbc29d", "title"=>"The findings of this article have been re-evaluated in Andreotti et al. 2016 (doi:10.3354/meps11744)", "body"=>"The findings of this article have been re-evaluated in Andreotti et al. 2016 “An integrated mark-recapture and genetic approach to estimate the population size of white sharks in South Africa” Mar Ecol Prog Ser 552:241-253\n\nhttp://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v552/p241-253\n\nThe discrepancy in the results among the two articles can be attributed to the usage of the software DARWIN (Stanley 1995) by Towner et al. (2013), which could have resulted in overestimating the population size initially (see supplementary material in Andreotti et al. 2016).", "highlightedText"=>"", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2016-07-25T06:23:21Z", "lastModified"=>"2016-07-25T06:23:21Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"448609"}, "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0066035", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>1, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2016-07-29T10:10:33Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>99457, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/35abf387-994a-4a95-88eb-4deea5abade3", "title"=>"RE: The findings of this article have been re-evaluated in Andreotti et al. 2016 (doi:10.3354/meps11744)", "body"=>"Unfortunately, there are two issues with the above comment:\n\nFirstly, the author has multiple competing interests she has not disclosed and is using this comment to advertise her own publication.\n\nSecondly, she has misrepresented DARWIN and our research in both this comment and the study she refers to. DARWIN is an Open Source software used to assist in the matching of dorsal fins and ranks them by most likely match. The User must then scroll through the ENTIRE database by eye, looking for a match, before adding a new individual (not just the top 20 as stated in Andreotti’s study). Here is a video that explains this: https://youtu.be/wgrwjQwtU3A?t=3m45s \n\nYou can download DARWIN freely here: https://code.google.com/archive/p/darwin-ec/downloads \n\nMARK here: http://www.phidot.org/software/mark/downloads/ \n\nAnd Picasa here: http://picasa.google.com/ \n\nThe authors of our study are always free should you have any questions about our research.\n\nOliver Jewell ( oliverjewell@gmail.com )\n", "highlightedText"=>"", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2016-07-29T10:10:33Z", "lastModified"=>"2016-07-29T10:10:33Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"174117"}, "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"I am the corresponding author of this study. "}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0066035", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2016-07-29T10:10:33Z", "replies"=>[]}]}

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• {"id"=>"344947315540381698", "text"=>"New study of South Africa's white sharks suggests not much recovery since 1991. http://t.co/Fu8II9mGgK", "created_at"=>"2013-06-12T22:40:23Z", "user"=>"erikstokstad", "user_name"=>"Erik Stokstad", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/70526525/IMG_2784_normal.JPG"}
• {"id"=>"344964654872805376", "text"=>"RT @erikstokstad: New study of South Africa's white sharks suggests not much recovery since 1991. http://t.co/Fu8II9mGgK", "created_at"=>"2013-06-12T23:49:17Z", "user"=>"PLOSONE", "user_name"=>"PLOS ONE", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2429958559/mzjl6as5u2m09r2erof6_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"345119731881242624", "text"=>"The First Population Estimate 4White Sharks in South Africa Using Photo Identification &Automated Software\n http://t.co/pfREYlfXH9", "created_at"=>"2013-06-13T10:05:30Z", "user"=>"divefinatic", "user_name"=>"Alisa Schwartz", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3447624399/ac23774f36d103c74821ce5512ee447c_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"345136087003447296", "text"=>"Here's the research behind the white shark population infographic from @DyerICT @Marine_Dynamics. http://t.co/ysGW33R03X", "created_at"=>"2013-06-13T11:10:30Z", "user"=>"A_WhiteShark", "user_name"=>"Atlantic White Shark", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3673793417/57fc6baef2a5bc896dd238e824af600c_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"345136838928900096", "text"=>"Well done @Marine_Dynamics ~ Gauging the Threat: The First Population Estimate for White #Sharks in South Africa... http://t.co/HRmN65SM5D", "created_at"=>"2013-06-13T11:13:29Z", "user"=>"SharkCapital", "user_name"=>"White Shark Capital", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2724334469/436a7a38d2c09637562fc7be954f7f23_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"345152097374830593", "text"=>"RT @A_WhiteShark: Here's the research behind the white shark population infographic from @DyerICT @Marine_Dynamics. http://t.co/ysGW33R03X", "created_at"=>"2013-06-13T12:14:07Z", "user"=>"DyerICT", "user_name"=>"Dyer Island Cons. Tr", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2881018492/301f0e1a1398a31e5e20ccca6672830c_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"345152098675064832", "text"=>"RT @A_WhiteShark: Here's the research behind the white shark population infographic from @DyerICT @Marine_Dynamics. http://t.co/ysGW33R03X", "created_at"=>"2013-06-13T12:14:07Z", "user"=>"Marine_Dynamics", "user_name"=>"Marine Dynamics", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1878718008/mdprofile_picture_normal"}
• {"id"=>"345205408803196930", "text"=>"PLOS ONE: Gauging the Threat: The First Population Estimate for White Sharks in South Africa... http://t.co/scDMicdUCF", "created_at"=>"2013-06-13T15:45:57Z", "user"=>"joeygiggles", "user_name"=>"joeygiggles", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1506054309/tw_9112690_1313902355_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"345318696090234880", "text"=>"Gauging the Threat: The 1st Population Est 4 White Sharks in So Africa Using Photo Id & Automated Software\n http://t.co/2lOKYg5QIA", "created_at"=>"2013-06-13T23:16:07Z", "user"=>"JoeRomeiro", "user_name"=>"Joe Romeiro ", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2902708293/a1a7dfc506c5041811efa7bd8e5de77d_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"345319211096227840", "text"=>"Gauging the Threat: The 1st Population Est 4 White Sharks in So Africa Using Photo Id & Automated Software\n http://t.co/unxx3DMuzk", "created_at"=>"2013-06-13T23:18:10Z", "user"=>"sharkangels", "user_name"=>"Shark Angels", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3181549106/67456e9e865487d9105de7700ecc070d_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"345374444824457216", "text"=>"More Information: \n\nResearch paper - http://t.co/TbvGNUpI9P... http://t.co/oZCTn2IJND", "created_at"=>"2013-06-14T02:57:39Z", "user"=>"supportourshark", "user_name"=>"Support Our Sharks", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2251287982/SOS_Logo_-_Black_text2_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"345412147649605632", "text"=>"important research on white #shark population by @DyerICT @Marine_Dynamics in Gansbaai area http://t.co/NhR13jiqo7 50% less! than estimated!", "created_at"=>"2013-06-14T05:27:28Z", "user"=>"metaMeerkat", "user_name"=>"Dorette", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2416380097/r2rlzqiptrtoz3on4i9e_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"345413679111630848", "text"=>"More Information:\n\nResearch paper - http://t.co/hiATouHSkQ... http://t.co/exvJqgBqCa", "created_at"=>"2013-06-14T05:33:33Z", "user"=>"malikattia", "user_name"=>"hélène dejardin", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/sticky/default_profile_images/default_profile_5_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"345563348244516864", "text"=>"Estimate for White Sharks in South Africa Using Photo Identification and Automated Software http://t.co/ee15HU9ZZR @piersmorgan #Sharks", "created_at"=>"2013-06-14T15:28:17Z", "user"=>"lefthandedrant", "user_name"=>"P.J. Taillon", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2904978536/45c487aa1352bb3081bda306f4cd4313_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"345577786834026496", "text"=>"Possibly only 3000 to 5000 great white sharks still patrol the seas--closer to extinction than was earlier thought.\nhttp://t.co/zrnd1dQlfb", "created_at"=>"2013-06-14T16:25:39Z", "user"=>"xraymagsharks", "user_name"=>"xraymagsharks", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3393222849/258f834d360e93e196bc5f59ad6d6872_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"345722014151090176", "text"=>"Using science to help save sharks = win/win http://t.co/HMyQ6lABm1", "created_at"=>"2013-06-15T01:58:46Z", "user"=>"annemariewrites", "user_name"=>"Anne ♥ Marie", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3621615436/c6c46535b55fc3e359e227fa97edb715_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"345743332602953728", "text"=>"This 19yo is going to change the world: http://t.co/HMyQ6lABm1 #RockCenter #RealGenius", "created_at"=>"2013-06-15T03:23:28Z", "user"=>"annemariewrites", "user_name"=>"Anne ♥ Marie", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3621615436/c6c46535b55fc3e359e227fa97edb715_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"346367813524549633", "text"=>"PLOS ONE: Gauging the Threat: The First Population Estimate for White Sharks in South Africa... http://t.co/2arDr6594z", "created_at"=>"2013-06-16T20:44:56Z", "user"=>"zapatero35", "user_name"=>"OceanActionProject", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2763076002/a4c796c607c9ed6d231805e4a1ffa03b_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"346625461788495874", "text"=>"This is sad! White Shark among most threatened species! #SafeWhiteShark http://t.co/Hk49WuOc77", "created_at"=>"2013-06-17T13:48:44Z", "user"=>"MiladParsian", "user_name"=>"Milad Parsian", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3070969008/91c77e7e02c876874014958d1ee0faa9_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"346625577563860992", "text"=>"This is sad! White #Shark among most threatened species! #SafeWhiteShark http://t.co/Hk49WuOc77", "created_at"=>"2013-06-17T13:49:12Z", "user"=>"MiladParsian", "user_name"=>"Milad Parsian", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3070969008/91c77e7e02c876874014958d1ee0faa9_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"346760339288903681", "text"=>"Gauging the Threat: The First Population Estimate for White Sharks in South Africa Using Photo Identification... http://t.co/wLIrAFzEg3", "created_at"=>"2013-06-17T22:44:42Z", "user"=>"sandollar61", "user_name"=>"Sandi ♣ Boston", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2674312157/f16f3dc5dc2a86dc177367d9c4e37462_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"346885203706392577", "text"=>"RT @erikstokstad: New study of South Africa's white sharks suggests not much recovery since 1991. http://t.co/Fu8II9mGgK", "created_at"=>"2013-06-18T07:00:52Z", "user"=>"Milatrud11", "user_name"=>"Mila", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/sticky/default_profile_images/default_profile_3_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"349680109403381762", "text"=>"#Photoid of #Sharks! http://t.co/D44Upd3NqJ", "created_at"=>"2013-06-26T00:06:49Z", "user"=>"silverlangur", "user_name"=>"Gerry Ryan", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3548455807/0bce2bfa81fcebaa4e68246888fc4885_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"351800749203787776", "text"=>"NEW STUDY: estimating white shark population off south africa via photo-ID http://t.co/mUUOmFoN2m", "created_at"=>"2013-07-01T20:33:29Z", "user"=>"Waves_FilmFest", "user_name"=>"Beneath the Waves", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2696933608/f8d1601883f2459d10929ad77abd57f4_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"351814411482169345", "text"=>"RT @Waves_FilmFest: NEW STUDY: estimating white shark population off south africa via photo-ID http://t.co/mUUOmFoN2m", "created_at"=>"2013-07-01T21:27:46Z", "user"=>"TaraEDolan", "user_name"=>"Tara Dolan", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1566010616/IMG_1500_2_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"352435284681555968", "text"=>"@unep This study of the estimated size of the great white shark population is pretty scary reading! http://t.co/BMBxMXkTPt @Marine_Dynamics", "created_at"=>"2013-07-03T14:34:54Z", "user"=>"RespTourismSA", "user_name"=>"Heidi van der Watt", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2510617808/8vav4d5wzj17w25r4cod_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"392261778190901248", "text"=>"Gauging the Threat: The First Population Estimate for White Sharks in South Africa Using Photos/Software. @PLOSONE http://t.co/rt2sNxs5HY", "created_at"=>"2013-10-21T12:11:10Z", "user"=>"fishconserve", "user_name"=>"FCF", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1358428441/FCFTwitter_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"394781589508747264", "text"=>"Gauging the Threat: The First Population Estimate for White #Sharks in South Africa Using Photo ID and Automated Soft http://t.co/LsLoX1VD0s", "created_at"=>"2013-10-28T11:04:00Z", "user"=>"CGShark", "user_name"=>"Carlos Gavina", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000571227580/76a77b40e35002042a086ed96296a7fa_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"498622304143024130", "text"=>"@SharkWeek #Colossus is also in our research paper, except we named him Vindication: http://t.co/8H4PyZuFrZ #SharkWeek", "created_at"=>"2014-08-11T00:09:55Z", "user"=>"MichelleWcisel", "user_name"=>"Michelle Wcisel", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/422831902253252608/_ptHRd5v_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"498622913529257984", "text"=>"@SharkUniversity @Sharks4Kids @WhySharksMatter @VickyV_TeamORF #Colossus features in our @PLOS research paper: http://t.co/8H4PyZuFrZ", "created_at"=>"2014-08-11T00:12:21Z", "user"=>"MichelleWcisel", "user_name"=>"Michelle Wcisel", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/422831902253252608/_ptHRd5v_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"498622921741705216", "text"=>"RT @MichelleWcisel: @SharkWeek #Colossus is also in our research paper, except we named him Vindication: http://t.co/8H4PyZuFrZ #SharkWeek", "created_at"=>"2014-08-11T00:12:23Z", "user"=>"SharkAdvocates", "user_name"=>"Shark Advocates", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3249489514/35e24ac2ac06f2ae397261119b563a79_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"498624686255661057", "text"=>"RT @MichelleWcisel: @SharkWeek #Colossus is also in our research paper, except we named him Vindication: http://t.co/8H4PyZuFrZ #SharkWeek", "created_at"=>"2014-08-11T00:19:23Z", "user"=>"upwell", "user_name"=>"Upwell", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1877544344/114096527_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"498624783568089088", "text"=>"RT @MichelleWcisel: @SharkWeek #Colossus is also in our research paper, except we named him Vindication: http://t.co/8H4PyZuFrZ #SharkWeek", "created_at"=>"2014-08-11T00:19:47Z", "user"=>"divefinatic", "user_name"=>"Alisa Schwartz", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3447624399/ac23774f36d103c74821ce5512ee447c_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"498625893154439168", "text"=>"RT @MichelleWcisel: @SharkUniversity @Sharks4Kids @WhySharksMatter @VickyV_TeamORF #Colossus features in our @PLOS research paper: http://t…", "created_at"=>"2014-08-11T00:24:11Z", "user"=>"Sharks4Kids", "user_name"=>"Sharks4Kids", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3698630509/fdfbcb274635c08b09985c1bac321585_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"498626142392565760", "text"=>"RT @MichelleWcisel: @SharkUniversity @Sharks4Kids @WhySharksMatter @VickyV_TeamORF #Colossus features in our @PLOS research paper: http://t…", "created_at"=>"2014-08-11T00:25:11Z", "user"=>"JrzyShark", "user_name"=>"Leann Winn", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/489183900514533377/FzUz-cxy_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"498663747951419393", "text"=>"RT @MichelleWcisel: @SharkUniversity @Sharks4Kids @WhySharksMatter @VickyV_TeamORF #Colossus features in our @PLOS research paper: http://t…", "created_at"=>"2014-08-11T02:54:36Z", "user"=>"mcmsharksxx", "user_name"=>"Melissa C. Márquez", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/481600045733527552/A1-tX2BU_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"498702774540832768", "text"=>"RT @MichelleWcisel: @SharkUniversity @Sharks4Kids @WhySharksMatter @VickyV_TeamORF #Colossus features in our @PLOS research paper: http://t…", "created_at"=>"2014-08-11T05:29:41Z", "user"=>"VickyV_TeamORF", "user_name"=>"Vicky Vásquez", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3786759643/37b36913542a9e35a8d0a4c02c474b7f_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"498710658859675649", "text"=>"RT @MichelleWcisel: @SharkUniversity @Sharks4Kids @WhySharksMatter @VickyV_TeamORF #Colossus features in our @PLOS research paper: http://t…", "created_at"=>"2014-08-11T06:01:01Z", "user"=>"akornblatt", "user_name"=>"Andrew Kornblatt", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/469176995654275072/IefBNtm8_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540095222748045312", "text"=>"Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique http://t.co/DgZkpxaBuH", "created_at"=>"2014-12-03T10:48:30Z", "user"=>"ExpatScientist", "user_name"=>"Michelle Jewell", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/422831902253252608/_ptHRd5v_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540097907165499392", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-03T10:59:10Z", "user"=>"saveourseas", "user_name"=>"Save Our Seas", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/461498314161025024/OZWjGdc__normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540098289614725121", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-03T11:00:41Z", "user"=>"JolleyAdam", "user_name"=>"Adam Jolley", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/443136515/ad2_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"540100030200565760", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-03T11:07:36Z", "user"=>"Francini_Filho", "user_name"=>"RB Francini-Filho", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/413847593232240640/eoye1x8Y_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540103203464159232", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-03T11:20:12Z", "user"=>"RachelMillerST", "user_name"=>"Rachel Miller", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/537021108839403520/WiP1UWf9_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540104569976815616", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-03T11:25:38Z", "user"=>"Zelia3", "user_name"=>"Zelia ", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/479503633797505025/tsqFTM8U_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540117549195993088", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-03T12:17:13Z", "user"=>"Ignasinr14", "user_name"=>"Ignasinr14", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/498006227738058752/r-8yoSKc_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540119649447604224", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-03T12:25:34Z", "user"=>"IlBrizzo", "user_name"=>"Il Brizzo ", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/512641506411175936/K_poh7vP_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540136886627753984", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-03T13:34:03Z", "user"=>"PupiiHorizon", "user_name"=>"Pupi Dominguez", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/503606103859412992/o_Yv6EQO_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540157598449016832", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-03T14:56:21Z", "user"=>"SharkTime2012", "user_name"=>"#SaveSharks", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3394349344/5e846160fae8b72b1d4ef7dd8d7dbab9_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540161569590480896", "text"=>"Gauging the Threat: The First Population Estimate for White Sharks in South Africa Using Photo Identification... http://t.co/xFfS7McZzv", "created_at"=>"2014-12-03T15:12:08Z", "user"=>"___Melissa___", "user_name"=>"Melissa", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000250428575/7dfa8ebc1e0b732fa1114f7392e2e7bc_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540272621640617984", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-03T22:33:25Z", "user"=>"SamaraRose2", "user_name"=>"Samara Rose", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/476584117417435136/NEmX3ZHo_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540618392496250882", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-04T21:27:23Z", "user"=>"KayleighSSSOSL", "user_name"=>"Kayleigh W", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/508612450372300800/CMzs8GlW_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540619172200206336", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-04T21:30:29Z", "user"=>"MartynPrice3", "user_name"=>"Martyn Price", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/539567416045338625/pcPjLy_s_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540959924847902720", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-05T20:04:31Z", "user"=>"Dick9298", "user_name"=>"Dick van Dijk", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3657521368/240307f327346a38a85b2901618a2763_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"541927322966691840", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-08T12:08:36Z", "user"=>"PhilJ_Rose", "user_name"=>"Phillip Rose", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3080984270/ad294a03aed7d9f2ad76bd9b896118e9_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"541974848830844928", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-08T15:17:28Z", "user"=>"WhySharksMatter", "user_name"=>"David Shiffman", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/459351065947668480/lsHy5Y65_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"541975503419473920", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-08T15:20:04Z", "user"=>"AlexandreAMCHIN", "user_name"=>"Alexandre AMCHIN", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/540411798168809472/Gnch8Mg-_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"541977528844316672", "text"=>"RT @ExpatScientist: Here's our study on GWS 'fin'gerprints! http://t.co/8H4Pz03jC3 MT @saveourseas: The edge of a shark’s fin is unique htt…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-08T15:28:06Z", "user"=>"NoWASharkCull", "user_name"=>"NoWASharkCull", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/489059591510978560/DA36Ra0L_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"867109547575566336", "text"=>"Colleagues & I also published a population estimate of white sharks using their dorsal fins as ID-able features: https://t.co/yGxfKw9HBN", "created_at"=>"2017-05-23T20:06:40Z", "user"=>"GillsClub", "user_name"=>"The Gills Club", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/867060509719318530/LlOxbMRQ_normal.jpg"}

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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1084513"], "description"=>"<p>Shaded <i>p</i>-values are significant at α  = 0.05.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Computational biology", "Population modeling", "ecology", "Ecological metrics", "Population size", "Conservation science", "Marine ecology", "Population ecology", "Marine biology", "Marine conservation", "Marine monitoring", "Population biology", "Population metrics", "marine and aquatic sciences", "goodness-of-fit", "tested", "mark-recapture", "sighting", "histories", "sharks", "gansbaai", "open-population", "popan", "parameterisation"], "article_id"=>717973, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "users"=>["Alison V. Towner", "Michelle A. Wcisel", "Ryan R. Reisinger", "David Edwards", "Oliver J. D. Jewell"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066035.t002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>4, "page_views"=>35, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Program_RELEASE_goodness_of_fit_results_for_the_fully_time_dependent_Cormack_Jolly_Seber_model_tested_in_a_mark_recapture_analysis_of_individual_sighting_histories_of_white_sharks_in_the_Gansbaai_region_2007_8211_2011_using_the_open_population_POPAN_para/717973", "title"=>"Program RELEASE goodness-of-fit results for the fully time-dependent/Cormack-Jolly-Seber model tested in a mark-recapture analysis of individual sighting histories of white sharks in the Gansbaai region (2007–2011), using the open-population POPAN parameterisation in Program MARK.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2013-06-12 02:12:53"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1084512"], "description"=>"<p>See text for criteria.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Computational biology", "Population modeling", "ecology", "Ecological metrics", "Population size", "Conservation science", "Marine ecology", "Population ecology", "Marine biology", "Marine conservation", "Marine monitoring", "Population biology", "Population metrics", "marine and aquatic sciences", "abundance", "estimates", "tested", "mark-recapture", "sighting", "histories", "sharks", "gansbaai", "open-population", "popan", "parameterisation"], "article_id"=>717972, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "users"=>["Alison V. Towner", "Michelle A. Wcisel", "Ryan R. Reisinger", "David Edwards", "Oliver J. D. Jewell"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066035.t001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>3, "page_views"=>11, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Model_choice_criteria_and_abundance_estimates_N_for_four_models_tested_in_a_mark_recapture_analysis_of_individual_sighting_histories_of_white_sharks_in_the_Gansbaai_region_2007_2011_using_the_open_population_POPAN_parameterisation_in_Program_MARK_/717972", "title"=>"Model choice criteria and abundance estimates (<i>N</i>) for four models tested in a mark-recapture analysis of individual sighting histories of white sharks in the Gansbaai region (2007–2011), using the open-population POPAN parameterisation in Program MARK.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2013-06-12 02:12:52"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1084507"], "description"=>"<p>During this time, the fin sustained significant damage to both its front and back areas, altering its profile. This affects the number of notches down the back of the fin.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Computational biology", "Population modeling", "ecology", "Ecological metrics", "Population size", "Conservation science", "Marine ecology", "Population ecology", "Marine biology", "Marine conservation", "Marine monitoring", "Population biology", "Population metrics", "marine and aquatic sciences", "photographs"], "article_id"=>717969, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "users"=>["Alison V. Towner", "Michelle A. Wcisel", "Ryan R. Reisinger", "David Edwards", "Oliver J. D. Jewell"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066035.g004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>7, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Nine_photographs_were_obtained_for_the_study_shark_8216_Zebra_8217_between_30_08_2007_and_28_06_2011_/717969", "title"=>"Nine photographs were obtained for the study shark ‘Zebra’ between 30/08/2007 and 28/06/2011.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-06-12 02:12:49"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1084503"], "description"=>"<p>Discovery curve for photographically identified white sharks in the Gansbaai region (2007–2011).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Computational biology", "Population modeling", "ecology", "Ecological metrics", "Population size", "Conservation science", "Marine ecology", "Population ecology", "Marine biology", "Marine conservation", "Marine monitoring", "Population biology", "Population metrics", "marine and aquatic sciences", "photographically", "sharks", "gansbaai"], "article_id"=>717967, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "users"=>["Alison V. Towner", "Michelle A. Wcisel", "Ryan R. Reisinger", "David Edwards", "Oliver J. D. Jewell"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066035.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>4, "page_views"=>65, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Discovery_curve_for_photographically_identified_white_sharks_in_the_Gansbaai_region_2007_8211_2011_/717967", "title"=>"Discovery curve for photographically identified white sharks in the Gansbaai region (2007–2011).", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-06-12 02:12:47"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1084504"], "description"=>"<p>This fin clearly demonstrates how small additions/changes to notches occurring on the back of the fin can distinguish it from early photos, increasing the probability of later fin IDs being identified as multiple sharks.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Computational biology", "Population modeling", "ecology", "Ecological metrics", "Population size", "Conservation science", "Marine ecology", "Population ecology", "Marine biology", "Marine conservation", "Marine monitoring", "Population biology", "Population metrics", "marine and aquatic sciences", "photographed", "times"], "article_id"=>717968, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "users"=>["Alison V. Towner", "Michelle A. Wcisel", "Ryan R. Reisinger", "David Edwards", "Oliver J. D. Jewell"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066035.g003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>9, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Study_animal_8216_Darwin_8217_photographed_numerous_times_from_2007_8211_2011_/717968", "title"=>"Study animal ‘Darwin’, photographed numerous times from 2007–2011.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-06-12 02:12:48"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1084502"], "description"=>"<p>Sighting frequency distribution of photographically identified white sharks in the Gansbaai region (2007–2011).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Computational biology", "Population modeling", "ecology", "Ecological metrics", "Population size", "Conservation science", "Marine ecology", "Population ecology", "Marine biology", "Marine conservation", "Marine monitoring", "Population biology", "Population metrics", "marine and aquatic sciences", "photographically", "sharks", "gansbaai"], "article_id"=>717966, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "users"=>["Alison V. Towner", "Michelle A. Wcisel", "Ryan R. Reisinger", "David Edwards", "Oliver J. D. Jewell"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066035.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>12, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Sighting_frequency_distribution_of_photographically_identified_white_sharks_in_the_Gansbaai_region_2007_8211_2011_/717966", "title"=>"Sighting frequency distribution of photographically identified white sharks in the Gansbaai region (2007–2011).", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-06-12 02:12:46"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1084514"], "description"=>"<div><p>South Africa is reputed to host the world’s largest remaining population of white sharks, yet no studies have accurately determined a population estimate based on mark-recapture of live individuals. We used dorsal fin photographs (fin IDs) to identify white sharks in Gansbaai, South Africa, from January 2007 – December 2011. We used the computer programme DARWIN to catalogue and match fin IDs of individuals; this is the first study to successfully use the software for white shark identification. The programme performed well despite a number of individual fins showing drastic changes in dorsal fin shape over time. Of 1682 fin IDs used, 532 unique individuals were identified. We estimated population size using the open-population POPAN parameterisation in Program MARK, which estimated the superpopulation size at 908 (95% confidence interval 808–1008). This estimated population size is considerably larger than those described at other aggregation areas of the species and is comparable to a previous South African population estimate conducted 16 years prior. Our assessment suggests the species has not made a marked recovery since being nationally protected in 1991. As such, additional international protection may prove vital for the long-term conservation of this threatened species.</p></div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Computational biology", "Population modeling", "ecology", "Ecological metrics", "Population size", "Conservation science", "Marine ecology", "Population ecology", "Marine biology", "Marine conservation", "Marine monitoring", "Population biology", "Population metrics", "marine and aquatic sciences", "sharks", "africa", "automated"], "article_id"=>717974, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "users"=>["Alison V. Towner", "Michelle A. Wcisel", "Ryan R. Reisinger", "David Edwards", "Oliver J. D. Jewell"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066035", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>15, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Gauging_the_Threat_The_First_Population_Estimate_for_White_Sharks_in_South_Africa_Using_Photo_Identification_and_Automated_Software_/717974", "title"=>"Gauging the Threat: The First Population Estimate for White Sharks in South Africa Using Photo Identification and Automated Software", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-06-12 02:12:54"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1084510"], "description"=>"<p>Vindication features numerous, subtle changes in harsh contrast to the minimal, significant scars on the other examples above. On Vindication’s dorsal fin, white pigmentation ‘roise’ changes occurred slowley over time.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Computational biology", "Population modeling", "ecology", "Ecological metrics", "Population size", "Conservation science", "Marine ecology", "Population ecology", "Marine biology", "Marine conservation", "Marine monitoring", "Population biology", "Population metrics", "marine and aquatic sciences", "sharks", "photographed"], "article_id"=>717970, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "users"=>["Alison V. Towner", "Michelle A. Wcisel", "Ryan R. Reisinger", "David Edwards", "Oliver J. D. Jewell"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066035.g005", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>21, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Study_shark_8216_Vindication_8217_one_of_the_few_sharks_to_be_photographed_at_least_once_in_every_year_from_2007_8211_2011_/717970", "title"=>"Study shark ‘Vindication’, one of the few sharks to be photographed at least once in every year from 2007–2011.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-06-12 02:12:50"}

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

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Relative Metric

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F1000Prime