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• {"link"=>{"url"=>"http://www.citeulike.org/user/daimonion/article/12460724"}, "post_time"=>"2013-07-05 12:30:51", "tag"=>"no-tag", "linkout"=>{"type"=>"DOI", "url"=>"http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874"}, "username"=>"daimonion", "article_id"=>"12460724"}

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{"title"=>"Chemical Communication of Antibiotic Resistance by a Highly Resistant Subpopulation of Bacterial Cells", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Omar M.", "last_name"=>"El-Halfawy", "scopus_author_id"=>"37049899300"}, {"first_name"=>"Miguel A.", "last_name"=>"Valvano", "scopus_author_id"=>"7006160036"}], "year"=>2013, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"issn"=>"19326203", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84879750544", "pui"=>"369253485", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0068874", "isbn"=>"1932-6203 (Electronic)\\r1932-6203 (Linking)", "sgr"=>"84879750544", "pmid"=>"23844246"}, "id"=>"b62ddd98-5c1e-39e9-824c-82ae3c1c3873", "abstract"=>"The overall antibiotic resistance of a bacterial population results from the combination of a wide range of susceptibilities displayed by subsets of bacterial cells. Bacterial heteroresistance to antibiotics has been documented for several opportunistic Gram-negative bacteria, but the mechanism of heteroresistance is unclear. We use Burkholderia cenocepacia as a model opportunistic bacterium to investigate the implications of heterogeneity in the response to the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B (PmB) and also other bactericidal antibiotics. Here, we report that B. cenocepacia is heteroresistant to PmB. Population analysis profiling also identified B. cenocepacia subpopulations arising from a seemingly homogenous culture that are resistant to higher levels of polymyxin B than the rest of the cells in the culture, and can protect the more sensitive cells from killing, as well as sensitive bacteria from other species, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Communication of resistance depended on upregulation of putrescine synthesis and YceI, a widely conserved low-molecular weight secreted protein. Deletion of genes for the synthesis of putrescine and YceI abrogate protection, while pharmacologic inhibition of putrescine synthesis reduced resistance to polymyxin B. Polyamines and YceI were also required for heteroresistance of B. cenocepacia to various bactericidal antibiotics. We propose that putrescine and YceI resemble \"danger\" infochemicals whose increased production by a bacterial subpopulation, becoming more resistant to bactericidal antibiotics, communicates higher level of resistance to more sensitive members of the population of the same or different species.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/chemical-communication-antibiotic-resistance-highly-resistant-subpopulation-bacterial-cells", "reader_count"=>105, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>2, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>2, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>5, "Researcher"=>17, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>32, "Student > Postgraduate"=>5, "Student > Master"=>13, "Other"=>6, "Student > Bachelor"=>16, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>6}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>2, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>2, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>5, "Researcher"=>17, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>32, "Student > Postgraduate"=>5, "Student > Master"=>13, "Other"=>6, "Student > Bachelor"=>16, "Lecturer > Senior Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>6}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>5, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>58, "Philosophy"=>1, "Chemistry"=>2, "Computer Science"=>1, "Engineering"=>2, "Environmental Science"=>2, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>14, "Materials Science"=>1, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>11, "Physics and Astronomy"=>1, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>6, "Linguistics"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Materials Science"=>{"Materials Science"=>1}, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>11}, "Physics and Astronomy"=>{"Physics and Astronomy"=>1}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>5}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>2}, "Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>2}, "Chemistry"=>{"Chemistry"=>2}, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>{"Immunology and Microbiology"=>6}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>58}, "Computer Science"=>{"Computer Science"=>1}, "Linguistics"=>{"Linguistics"=>1}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>14}, "Philosophy"=>{"Philosophy"=>1}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"United States"=>2, "United Kingdom"=>1, "South Africa"=>1, "Australia"=>1, "Chile"=>1, "Spain"=>2}, "group_count"=>3}

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• http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-15-1142
• http://doi.org/10.1038/s41429-020-0289-2
• http://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00225-17
• http://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.14034
• http://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02018-20
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• http://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00564-18
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• http://doi.org/10.1586/14787210.2014.976611
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• http://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.43081
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• http://doi.org/10.15421/021938
• http://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-019-0301-1
• http://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9040164
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• {"url"=>"http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.plos.org%2Fplosone%2Farticle%3Fid%3D10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0068874", "share_count"=>0, "like_count"=>0, "comment_count"=>0, "click_count"=>0, "total_count"=>0}

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• {"type"=>"COMMENT", "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/annotation/9824a81c-d0f0-4873-9d0b-1e8beb33085a", "title"=>"Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"The following article represents some of the media coverage that has occurred for this paper:\n\nPublication: EveryONE PLOS ONE Community Blog\nTitle: “Resisting Antibiotics: Some Bacteria Get By With a Little Help From Their Friends”\nhttp://blogs.plos.org/everyone/2013/07/03/resisting-antibiotics-some-bacteria-get-by-with-a-little-help-from-their-friends/\n\nPublication: University of Western Ontario press release\nTitle: “Bacteria communicate to help each other resist antibiotics”\nhttp://communications.uwo.ca/media/releases/2013/July/bacteria_communicate_to_help_each_other_resist_antibiotics.html\n\nIf you see any additional coverage of this paper in the press or blogosphere, please reply to this thread and add the link to the article. \n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2013-07-05T19:59:20Z", "lastModified"=>"2013-07-05T19:59:20Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"80539"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>true, "body"=>"PLOS ONE Staff"}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>1, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2013-07-06T00:55:21Z", "replies"=>[{"type"=>"REPLY", "parentID"=>68205, "annotationUri"=>"info:doi/10.1371/reply/2ff9ef7b-bed8-44e3-a4c5-81fedbb55207", "title"=>"RE: Media Coverage of This Article", "body"=>"Some additional coverage of this paper can be found at:\n\nPublication: Medical news today.\nTitle: Bacteria Speak \"Universal Language\" In Order To Build Up Antibiotic Resistance\nhttp://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/262931.php\n\nPublication: Digital Journal\nTitle: Bacteria chemically communicate to resist effects of antibiotics\nhttp://www.digitaljournal.com/article/353729\n\nPublication: Biotechnology focus.ca\nTitle: Antibiotic-resistance a collaborative effort, Western study finds\nhttp://biotechnologyfocus.ca/antibiotic-resistance-a-collaborative-effort-western-study-finds/\n\nTitle: Bacteria communicate to help each other resist antibiotics\nPublication: Science Daily.com\nhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/07/130704095130.htm\nPublication: Science Codex.com\nhttp://www.sciencecodex.com/bacteria_communicate_to_help_each_other_resist_antibiotics-115179\nPublication: fars news.com\nhttp://english.farsnews.com/newstext.aspx?nn=13920414000237\n\nPublication: London free press\nTitle: Scientists at Western make a potentially life-saving discovery\nhttp://www.lfpress.com/2013/07/03/scientists-at-western-make-a-potentially-life-saving-discovery\n\nCTV news channel\nTitle: Western researchers find bacteria communicate to resist antibiotics\nhttp://london.ctvnews.ca/western-researchers-find-bacteria-communicate-to-resist-antibiotics-1.1352180\n\n", "isRemoved"=>false, "created"=>"2013-07-06T00:55:21Z", "lastModified"=>"2013-07-06T00:55:21Z", "creator"=>{"userId"=>"351277"}, "highlightedText"=>"", "competingInterestStatement"=>{"creatorWasPrompted"=>true, "hasCompetingInterests"=>false}, "parentArticle"=>{"doi"=>"info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874", "state"=>"published", "journals"=>{"PLoSONE"=>{"journalKey"=>"PLoSONE", "eIssn"=>"1932-6203", "title"=>"PLOS ONE"}}}, "replyTreeSize"=>0, "mostRecentActivity"=>"2013-07-06T00:55:21Z", "replies"=>[]}]}

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• {"id"=>"352749372057993218", "text"=>"#PLOSONE: Chemical Communication of Antibiotic Resistance by a Highly Resistant Subpopulation of Bacterial Cells http://t.co/SBYh8VIvP2", "created_at"=>"2013-07-04T11:22:58Z", "user"=>"RteWitt", "user_name"=>"René te Witt", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2551969570/rrfjsnp60luuvfpbivi0_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"352825858924359681", "text"=>"#PLOSONE: Chemical Communication of Antibiotic Resistance by a Highly Resistant Subpopulation of Bacterial Cells http://t.co/vTyPkXqi2M", "created_at"=>"2013-07-04T16:26:54Z", "user"=>"svillapol", "user_name"=>"Sonia Villapol", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1343477066/WOMAN_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"352863918705737728", "text"=>"#دراسة:البكتريا اللي عندها مناعة ضد مضاد حيوي معين تعطي البكتيريا اللي ماعندها مناعة جزيء يخليها منيعة للمضاد الحيوي.\nhttp://t.co/yoqRPFRoCU", "created_at"=>"2013-07-04T18:58:08Z", "user"=>"MAlHarithy", "user_name"=>"Mohammed Al-Harithy", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3304181731/70cfb6e4db2adbf059b57968f0b41472_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"353039592544407552", "text"=>"#PLOSONE: Chemical Communication of Antibiotic Resistance by a Highly Resistant Subpopulation of Bacterial Cells http://t.co/zDgeCH8iKd", "created_at"=>"2013-07-05T06:36:12Z", "user"=>"MitoSiva", "user_name"=>"Siva", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/344513261573180886/192141e21379cdae6472dd2e522b02e9_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"353126755764154369", "text"=>"Het lukt bacteriële cellen om onderling te communiceren en zichzelf zo voort te planten. Mwah, slimme dingen dus nog. http://t.co/vBhhopSVC8", "created_at"=>"2013-07-05T12:22:34Z", "user"=>"NataschaTent", "user_name"=>"Natascha", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3604592614/0f55ce4398f1b4150426455c201ce96d_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"353175468486311937", "text"=>"#PLOSONE: Chemical Communication of Antibiotic Resistance by a Highly Resistant Subpopulation of Bacterial Cells http://t.co/MLfVHwL5nx", "created_at"=>"2013-07-05T15:36:08Z", "user"=>"EileenChoffnes", "user_name"=>"Eileen Choffnes", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3596365245/039c8fc9a0ed74a540aea4d9ca19a999_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"353375393010548736", "text"=>"Bacteriën communiceren met elkaar bij resistentie. Rotzakken? http://t.co/4PtT8lpCdH Of zijn wij die resistentie veroorzaken rotzakken?", "created_at"=>"2013-07-06T04:50:33Z", "user"=>"IvanWolffers", "user_name"=>"Ivan Wolffers", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1342448571/34397_102533856480260_100001709379618_19407_3556571_n_1__normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"353434630696861697", "text"=>"Chemical communication between cells: antibiotic-resistant bacteria produce molecules that protect sensitive ones http://t.co/SFRyylz8ar", "created_at"=>"2013-07-06T08:45:57Z", "user"=>"Dr_Biochemist", "user_name"=>"DrBiochemist", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/344513261570591618/dc4e434f9cac7e16e91c22dad3b7572e_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"354192053862809601", "text"=>"#PLOSONE: Chemical Communication of Antibiotic Resistance by a Highly Resistant Subpopulation of Bacterial Cells http://t.co/0PK3RAMaJe", "created_at"=>"2013-07-08T10:55:40Z", "user"=>"hhhernandez", "user_name"=>"Hector H Hernandez", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3524108591/80b757e5ba99fe3b6b9f377f6a5154ac_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"354192055922208769", "text"=>"#PLOSONE: Chemical Communication of Antibiotic Resistance by a Highly Resistant Subpopulation of Bacterial Cells http://t.co/C1elHkJtVk", "created_at"=>"2013-07-08T10:55:41Z", "user"=>"MECEL_Lab", "user_name"=>"MECEL Laboratory", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/3063992144/eb4a539186ad1a80e8833aa2b6112c3c_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"354458173538709504", "text"=>"RT @IvanWolffers: Bacteriën communiceren met elkaar bij resistentie. Rotzakken? http://t.co/4PtT8lpCdH Of zijn wij die resistentie veroorza…", "created_at"=>"2013-07-09T04:33:08Z", "user"=>"GioMeijer", "user_name"=>"Gio Meijer", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/2555256130/56q4j45yl8nzxf82p05v_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"354945911413145600", "text"=>"#PLOSONE: Chemical Communication of Antibiotic Resistance by a Highly Resistant Subpopulation of Bacterial Cells http://t.co/jEiLtEjd2n", "created_at"=>"2013-07-10T12:51:14Z", "user"=>"noxilizer", "user_name"=>"Noxilizer, Inc.", "user_profile_image"=>"http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1858733190/NoxLogo_normal.jpg"}

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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109877"], "description"=>"<p>Population analysis profiling (PAP) of <i>B. cenocepacia</i> strains K56-2, K56-2Δ<i>rpoE</i>, K56-2Δ<i>rpoE</i>/500, CF706-J, K56-2Δ<i>hldA</i>, and K56-2Δ<i>arnBC</i>, and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> PAO1 by agar dilution at 24 h except for CF706-J by broth dilution at 18 h. n = 6. Panels (B) and (C), E-test showing discrete colonies at otherwise clear zones of inhibition, indicating heterogeneous response to PmB.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Biochemistry", "Small molecules", "biotechnology", "microbiology", "Bacterial pathogens", "Gram negative", "bacteriology", "Bacterial biochemistry", "Applied microbiology", "Microbial growth and development", "Microbial metabolism", "Microbial pathogens"], "article_id"=>738433, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Omar M. El-Halfawy", "Miguel A. Valvano"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>11, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Heterogeneous_response_of_B_cenocepacia_to_PmB_/738433", "title"=>"Heterogeneous response of <i>B. cenocepacia</i> to PmB.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-07-03 02:12:05"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109880"], "description"=>"<p>The dotted line represents the limit of detection (50 cfu/ml). Three independent experiments each done in duplicate.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Biochemistry", "Small molecules", "biotechnology", "microbiology", "Bacterial pathogens", "Gram negative", "bacteriology", "Bacterial biochemistry", "Applied microbiology", "Microbial growth and development", "Microbial metabolism", "Microbial pathogens", "exposed"], "article_id"=>738436, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Omar M. El-Halfawy", "Miguel A. Valvano"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>11, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Protective_effects_of_B_cenocepacia_rpoE_500_on_P_aeruginosa_PAO1_exposed_to_PmB_in_co_culture_/738436", "title"=>"Protective effects of <i>B. cenocepacia</i> Δ<i>rpoE</i>/500 on <i>P. aeruginosa</i> PAO1, exposed to PmB, in co-culture.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-07-03 02:12:05"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109881"], "description"=>"<p>Proteins were run on 14% SDS-PAGE and detected by silver staining and those that were differentially expressed were further identified by LC-MS.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Biochemistry", "Small molecules", "biotechnology", "microbiology", "Bacterial pathogens", "Gram negative", "bacteriology", "Bacterial biochemistry", "Applied microbiology", "Microbial growth and development", "Microbial metabolism", "Microbial pathogens", "released", "supernatant", "k56-2", "treated", "500", "pmb", "compared", "untreated"], "article_id"=>738437, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Omar M. El-Halfawy", "Miguel A. Valvano"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.g003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>5, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Proteins_released_into_the_supernatant_of_B_cenocepacia_K56_2_and_916_rpoE_500_treated_with_500_g_ml_of_PmB_compared_to_those_released_from_untreated_K56_2_and_na_ve_rpoE_/738437", "title"=>"Proteins released into the supernatant of <i>B. cenocepacia</i><b> K56-2 and Δ</b><i>rpoE</i>/500 treated with 500 µg/ml of PmB compared to those released from untreated K56-2 and naïve Δ<i>rpoE</i>.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-07-03 02:12:05"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109890"], "description"=>"<p>(A) Polyamines biosynthetic pathway. (B) Exogenous putrescine increases the resistance of the parental K56-2 to PmB and restores the resistance to PmB to the parental level in Δ<i>BCAL2641</i>; n = 6 (C) The deletion of <i>BCAL2641</i> leads to reduced resistance to PmB relative to the parental K56-2. (D) Single-copy complementation of Δ<i>BCAL2641</i>. (E) The polyamine synthesis inhibitor dicyclohexylamine (blue) reduces the resistance of <i>B. cenocepacia</i> K56-2 to PmB, with little to no effect of 3-(methylthio)propylamine (red), shown in a turbidimetric PAP at 24 h; n = 5. (F) TLC analysis of polyamines released in the supernatants of 20 h old M9 cultures compared to standards. (G) Relative amounts of putrescine released from the wild-type and mutants, n = 4.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Biochemistry", "Small molecules", "biotechnology", "microbiology", "Bacterial pathogens", "Gram negative", "bacteriology", "Bacterial biochemistry", "Applied microbiology", "Microbial growth and development", "Microbial metabolism", "Microbial pathogens", "polyamine", "putrescine"], "article_id"=>738439, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Omar M. El-Halfawy", "Miguel A. Valvano"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.g004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>6, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Contribution_of_the_polyamine_putrescine_in_the_response_to_PmB_/738439", "title"=>"Contribution of the polyamine putrescine in the response to PmB.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-07-03 02:12:05"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109892"], "description"=>"<p>(A) Involvement of putrescine in the protective effects of <i>B. cenocepacia</i> on <i>P. aeruginosa</i> PAO1 at 24 h. The dotted line represents the limit of detection (50 cfu/ml). Three independent experiments each done in duplicate. (B) Putrescine protects the bacterial surface from binding to PmB; 50 mM of putrescine reduced binding of PmB-Oregon green 514 conjugate (25 µg/ml) when both added together, whereas it could replace already bound PmB; n = 6.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Biochemistry", "Small molecules", "biotechnology", "microbiology", "Bacterial pathogens", "Gram negative", "bacteriology", "Bacterial biochemistry", "Applied microbiology", "Microbial growth and development", "Microbial metabolism", "Microbial pathogens", "putrescine"], "article_id"=>738441, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Omar M. El-Halfawy", "Miguel A. Valvano"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.g005", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>18, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Role_of_putrescine_in_the_protective_effects_of_B_cenocepacia_against_PmB_/738441", "title"=>"Role of putrescine in the protective effects of <i>B. cenocepacia</i> against PmB.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-07-03 02:12:05"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109894"], "description"=>"<p>(A) The deletion of <i>BCAL3310</i> and <i>BCAL3311</i> (Δ<i>yceI</i>) leads to reduced resistance to PmB relative to the parental K56-2. (B) PAP by agar dilution showing complementation of the reduced resistance in Δ<i>yceI</i> mutant by <i>yceI</i> under the control of the rhamnose promoter on pSCrhaB2 to the parental level at 0.4% rhamnose. (C) Involvement of YceI in the protective effects of <i>B. cenocepacia</i> on <i>P. aeruginosa</i> PAO1 at 24 h. Three independent experiments each done in duplicate. (D) Purified YceI homologues, BCAL3310 and BCAL3311. (E) Binding of BCAL3310 and BCAL3311 to PmB-Oregon green 514 conjugate. BSA was used as a control for binding. n = 6.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Biochemistry", "Small molecules", "biotechnology", "microbiology", "Bacterial pathogens", "Gram negative", "bacteriology", "Bacterial biochemistry", "Applied microbiology", "Microbial growth and development", "Microbial metabolism", "Microbial pathogens", "ycei", "pmb"], "article_id"=>738443, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Omar M. El-Halfawy", "Miguel A. Valvano"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.g006", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>13, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Contribution_of_YceI_in_the_response_to_PmB_and_its_role_in_protection_against_PmB_/738443", "title"=>"Contribution of YceI in the response to PmB and its role in protection against PmB.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-07-03 02:12:05"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109896"], "description"=>"<p><b><i> </i></b><b> </b></p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Biochemistry", "Small molecules", "biotechnology", "microbiology", "Bacterial pathogens", "Gram negative", "bacteriology", "Bacterial biochemistry", "Applied microbiology", "Microbial growth and development", "Microbial metabolism", "Microbial pathogens"], "article_id"=>738445, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Omar M. El-Halfawy", "Miguel A. Valvano"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.g007", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>5, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Figure_7_/738445", "title"=>"Figure 7", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-07-03 02:12:05"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109898"], "description"=>"<p>Homogenous response of <i>B. cenocepacia</i> K56-2 to bacteriostatic antibiotics. n = 6.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Biochemistry", "Small molecules", "biotechnology", "microbiology", "Bacterial pathogens", "Gram negative", "bacteriology", "Bacterial biochemistry", "Applied microbiology", "Microbial growth and development", "Microbial metabolism", "Microbial pathogens", "k56-2", "bacteriostatic"], "article_id"=>738447, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Omar M. El-Halfawy", "Miguel A. Valvano"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.g008", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>13, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Homogenous_response_of_B_cenocepacia_K56_2_to_bacteriostatic_antibiotics_n_6_/738447", "title"=>"Homogenous response of <i>B. cenocepacia</i> K56-2 to bacteriostatic antibiotics. n = 6.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-07-03 02:12:05"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109914", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109915", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109916", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109918", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109919", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109920", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109922", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109923", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109925", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1109926"], "description"=>"<div><p>The overall antibiotic resistance of a bacterial population results from the combination of a wide range of susceptibilities displayed by subsets of bacterial cells. Bacterial heteroresistance to antibiotics has been documented for several opportunistic Gram-negative bacteria, but the mechanism of heteroresistance is unclear. We use <i>Burkholderia cenocepacia</i> as a model opportunistic bacterium to investigate the implications of heterogeneity in the response to the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B (PmB) and also other bactericidal antibiotics. Here, we report that <i>B. cenocepacia</i> is heteroresistant to PmB. Population analysis profiling also identified <i>B. cenocepacia</i> subpopulations arising from a seemingly homogenous culture that are resistant to higher levels of polymyxin B than the rest of the cells in the culture, and can protect the more sensitive cells from killing, as well as sensitive bacteria from other species, such as <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Communication of resistance depended on upregulation of putrescine synthesis and YceI, a widely conserved low-molecular weight secreted protein. Deletion of genes for the synthesis of putrescine and YceI abrogate protection, while pharmacologic inhibition of putrescine synthesis reduced resistance to polymyxin B. Polyamines and YceI were also required for heteroresistance of <i>B. cenocepacia</i> to various bactericidal antibiotics. We propose that putrescine and YceI resemble \"danger\" infochemicals whose increased production by a bacterial subpopulation, becoming more resistant to bactericidal antibiotics, communicates higher level of resistance to more sensitive members of the population of the same or different species.</p></div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Biochemistry", "Small molecules", "biotechnology", "microbiology", "Bacterial pathogens", "Gram negative", "bacteriology", "Bacterial biochemistry", "Applied microbiology", "Microbial growth and development", "Microbial metabolism", "Microbial pathogens", "antibiotic", "resistant", "subpopulation", "bacterial"], "article_id"=>738461, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Omar M. El-Halfawy", "Miguel A. Valvano"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.s001", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.s002", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.s003", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.s004", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.s005", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.s006", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.s007", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.s008", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.s009", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068874.s010"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>12, "page_views"=>17, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Chemical_Communication_of_Antibiotic_Resistance_by_a_Highly_Resistant_Subpopulation_of_Bacterial_Cells_/738461", "title"=>"Chemical Communication of Antibiotic Resistance by a Highly Resistant Subpopulation of Bacterial Cells", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>4, "published_date"=>"2013-07-03 02:12:05"}

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

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