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{"title"=>"Hypotonic Shock Modulates Na+ Current via a Cl- and Ca2+/Calmodulin Dependent Mechanism in Alveolar Epithelial Cells", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"André", "last_name"=>"Dagenais", "scopus_author_id"=>"6602544048"}, {"first_name"=>"Marie Claude", "last_name"=>"Tessier", "scopus_author_id"=>"12778181100"}, {"first_name"=>"Sabina", "last_name"=>"Tatur", "scopus_author_id"=>"22836756500"}, {"first_name"=>"Emmanuelle", "last_name"=>"Brochiero", "scopus_author_id"=>"6603547263"}, {"first_name"=>"Ryszard", "last_name"=>"Grygorczyk", "scopus_author_id"=>"7003346582"}, {"first_name"=>"Yves", "last_name"=>"Berthiaume", "scopus_author_id"=>"7003488718"}], "year"=>2013, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"pmid"=>"24019969", "sgr"=>"84883372506", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0074565", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84883372506", "pui"=>"369736362", "isbn"=>"1932-6203 (Electronic)\\r1932-6203 (Linking)", "issn"=>"19326203"}, "id"=>"371bace5-b4d8-380a-b26c-c4855b4ef4a6", "abstract"=>"Alveolar epithelial cells are involved in Na(+) absorption via the epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC), an important process for maintaining an appropriate volume of liquid lining the respiratory epithelium and for lung oedema clearance. Here, we investigated how a 20% hypotonic shock modulates the ionic current in these cells. Polarized alveolar epithelial cells isolated from rat lungs were cultured on permeant filters and their electrophysiological properties recorded. A 20% bilateral hypotonic shock induced an immediate, but transient 52% rise in total transepithelial current and a 67% increase in the amiloride-sensitive current mediated by ENaC. Amiloride pre-treatment decreased the current rise after hypotonic shock, showing that ENaC current is involved in this response. Since Cl(-) transport is modulated by hypotonic shock, its contribution to the basal and hypotonic-induced transepithelial current was also assessed. Apical NPPB, a broad Cl(-) channel inhibitor and basolateral DIOA a potassium chloride co-transporter (KCC) inhibitor reduced the total and ENaC currents, showing that transcellular Cl(-) transport plays a major role in that process. During hypotonic shock, a basolateral Cl(-) influx, partly inhibited by NPPB is essential for the hypotonic-induced current rise. Hypotonic shock promoted apical ATP secretion and increased intracellular Ca(2+). While apyrase, an ATP scavenger, did not inhibit the hypotonic shock current response, W7 a calmodulin antagonist completely prevented the hypotonic current rise. These results indicate that a basolateral Cl(-) influx as well as Ca(2+)/calmodulin, but not ATP, are involved in the acute transepithelial current rise elicited by hypotonic shock.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/hypotonic-shock-modulates-na-current-via-cl-ca2calmodulin-dependent-mechanism-alveolar-epithelial-ce", "reader_count"=>7, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Researcher"=>2, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>1, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>1, "Student > Postgraduate"=>1, "Student > Master"=>1}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Researcher"=>2, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>1, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>1, "Student > Postgraduate"=>1, "Student > Master"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>1, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>3, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>2, "Business, Management and Accounting"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>2}, "Business, Management and Accounting"=>{"Business, Management and Accounting"=>1}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>3}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>1}}, "group_count"=>0}

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• http://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-018-2182-4
• http://doi.org/10.1096/fj.15-283002

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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1188334"], "description"=>"<p>Alveolar epithelial cells were pretreated for 20 min with 25 µM W7, a Ca²⁺/calmodulin antagonist, before <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> recording in Ussing chamber. Total (<i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> Total) and ENaC currents were evaluated in basal condition (Basal; white) or after 20% hypotonic shock (20% Hypo; gray). W7 pretreatment inhibited the total and ENaC <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> rise after 20% hypotonic shock. N≥4, *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test compared to Basal.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["calmodulin", "kinase", "w7", "decreases", "hypotonic"], "article_id"=>786700, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["André Dagenais", "Marie-Claude Tessier", "Sabina Tatur", "Emmanuelle Brochiero", "Ryszard Grygorczyk", "Yves Berthiaume"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074565.g009", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>24, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Inhibition_of_calmodulin_kinase_by_W7_decreases_the_hypotonic_shock_current_rise_/786700", "title"=>"Inhibition of calmodulin kinase by W7 decreases the hypotonic shock current rise.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-09-03 01:40:51"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1188331"], "description"=>"<p>The current rise elicited by hypotonic shock (Δ <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> Shock) was tested in the basal condition (Cl^-(+)), with bilateral exposure to a buffer of reduced Cl^- concentration (9 mM NaCl; 150 mM Na gluconate) (Cl^-(-)), or by adding this buffer at the apical side (Cl^-(-) api) or basolateral side (Cl^-(-) baso) only. N≥4, *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test compared to Cl^-(+).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["apical", "basolateral", "gradients", "elicited", "hypotonic"], "article_id"=>786697, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["André Dagenais", "Marie-Claude Tessier", "Sabina Tatur", "Emmanuelle Brochiero", "Ryszard Grygorczyk", "Yves Berthiaume"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074565.g006", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>2, "page_views"=>16, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Impact_of_apical_or_basolateral_Cl_gradients_on_the_current_rise_elicited_by_20_hypotonic_shock_/786697", "title"=>"Impact of apical or basolateral Cl^- (-) gradients on the current rise elicited by 20% hypotonic shock.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-09-03 01:40:51"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1188329"], "description"=>"<p>Basal transepithelial current (<i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> Basal), hypotonic-induced current (<i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> 20% Hypo) and the current rise elicited by hypotonic shock (Δ <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> Shock) are depicted in the basal conditions (Ctrl), after treatment with 100 µM basolateral bumetanide (Bumet), 100 µM apical (NPPB_a) or basolateral (NPPB_b) NPPB, in bilateral Cl^- reduced buffer (Cl^-(-)) or 100 µM basolateral DIOA. In experiments where the cells were pre-treated with an inhibitor that impacted on <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i>, hypotonic shock was induced when the current was stabilized. For apical and basolateral NPPB, a 5 to 10 min incubation was needed while the current stabilized after ^~30 min for DIOA. Pre-treatment with bumetanide from 10 min to 30 min did not have an impact on <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> Basal. N≥4, *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test compared to untreated controls. # p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test compared to NPPB_a, ¤ p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test compared to NPPB_b or DIOA.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["channels", "kcc", "basal", "hypotonic-induced", "transepithelial"], "article_id"=>786695, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["André Dagenais", "Marie-Claude Tessier", "Sabina Tatur", "Emmanuelle Brochiero", "Ryszard Grygorczyk", "Yves Berthiaume"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074565.g004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>19, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Implication_of_Cl_channels_and_KCC_in_basal_and_hypotonic_induced_transepithelial_current_/786695", "title"=>"Implication of Cl^- channels and KCC in basal and hypotonic-induced transepithelial current.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-09-03 01:40:51"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1188330"], "description"=>"<p>ENaC current values were determined after pretreatments with 20 µM CFTR inh-172 (CFTR inh), reduced Cl^- buffer (9mM NaCl; 150 mM Na gluconate) (Cl^-(-)), 100 µM apical NPPB (NPPB_a), 100 µM basolateral NPPB (NPPB_b), or 100 µM basolateral DIOA. In experiments where the cells were pre-treated with an inhibitor that impacted on <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i>, hypotonic shock was induced when the current was stabilized. For apical and basolateral NPPB, a 5 to 10 min incubation was needed while the current stabilized after ^~30 min for DIOA. Pre-treatment with CFTR inh-172 and NPPB_b did not have an impact on <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> ENaC. N≥5, *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test compared to untreated controls (Ctrl).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["apical", "channels", "kcc", "co-transport", "enac"], "article_id"=>786696, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["André Dagenais", "Marie-Claude Tessier", "Sabina Tatur", "Emmanuelle Brochiero", "Ryszard Grygorczyk", "Yves Berthiaume"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074565.g005", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>18, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Role_of_apical_Cl_channels_and_KCC_co_transport_in_ENaC_current_magnitude_/786696", "title"=>"Role of apical Cl^- channels and KCC co-transport in ENaC current magnitude.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-09-03 01:40:51"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1188328"], "description"=>"<p>Basal transepithelial current (<i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> Basal), hypotonic-induced current (<i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> 20% Hypo) and the current rise elicited by hypotonic shock (Δ <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> Shock) are depicted in the basal condition (Ctrl), potassium-free condition (K⁺(-)) or after pretreatment with 1µM amiloride (Amil 1), 100 µM amiloride (Amil 100) or 100 µM basolateral clofilium (Clofi). In experiments where the cells were pre-treated with an inhibitor that impacted on <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i>, hypotonic shock was induced when the current was stabilized. For amiloride the current was stable after 5 min. In potassium-free condition (K⁺(-)) and clofilium pre-treatment, a longer incubation was needed (~30 min). N≥4, *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test compared to untreated controls.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["currents", "basal", "hypotonic-induced", "transepithelial"], "article_id"=>786694, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["André Dagenais", "Marie-Claude Tessier", "Sabina Tatur", "Emmanuelle Brochiero", "Ryszard Grygorczyk", "Yves Berthiaume"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074565.g003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>7, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Role_of_Na_and_K_currents_in_basal_and_hypotonic_induced_transepithelial_current_/786694", "title"=>"Role of Na⁺ and K⁺ currents in basal and hypotonic-induced transepithelial current.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-09-03 01:40:51"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1188338"], "description"=>"<p>In the basal condition, a transcellular Cl^- transport via NPPB-sensitive apical channels (Cl^- ch) and basolateral K⁺/Cl^- co-transporter (KCC) generates membrane potential that is optimal for Na⁺ transport via amiloride-sensitive ENaC and NSC. Although alveolar epithelial cells express CFTR [<a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0074565#B59\" target=\"_blank\">59</a>], in the absence of a cAMP agonist, CFTR is not involved in basal Na⁺ transport. During a 20% hypotonic shock, Ca²⁺/calmodulin and a basolateral Cl^- Influx play a central role in the transient current rise elicited by hypotonicity. NPPB-sensitive and insensitive pathways are involved for this flux. Although basolateral K⁺ channels (K⁺ ch) are not involved in the current rise elicited during hypotonic shock, their inhibition blunts current normalization after hypotonic shock. →: Ionic flux; <b>T</b> : Inhibitor.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["transporters", "ionic", "basal", "hypotonic"], "article_id"=>786704, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["André Dagenais", "Marie-Claude Tessier", "Sabina Tatur", "Emmanuelle Brochiero", "Ryszard Grygorczyk", "Yves Berthiaume"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074565.g011", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>6, "page_views"=>12, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Channels_and_transporters_involved_in_ionic_transport_in_basal_and_hypotonic_shock_conditions_/786704", "title"=>"Channels and transporters involved in ionic transport in basal and hypotonic shock conditions.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-09-03 01:40:51"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1188336"], "description"=>"<p>The time-course of 20% hypotonic shock (20% hypo) in apical ATP accumulation is depicted in A. At T₀, the same volume of liquid was added to the apical and basolateral sides of the cell monolayers to achieve 20% hypotonic shock (▲) with H₂O or an equivalent volume of physiological buffer (■) for the isotonic condition. Aliquots of apical medium were sampled at different time points, and ATP was measured by luciferin/luciferase assay. N≥7, *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test between 20% Hypo at 1 min and time 0. Apical (ATP_ap) or bilateral, but not basolateral (ATP_ba) addition of ATP, decreased total transepithelial current generated by alveolar epithelial cells (<b>B</b>). N≥5, *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test between apical or bilateral addition of ATP and untreated cells. NS, non significant. Bilateral addition of ATP decreased ENaC (1 µM amiloride-sensitive) current (<b>C</b>). N=6, *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test between ATP and untreated controls (Ctrl). To rule out a role of ATP in hypotonic shock modulation of currents, the cells were pretreated with the ATP scavenger apyrase (10 U/ml; Apyr) for 2 min before challenging the monolayers with 20% hypotonic shock (<b>D</b>). Apyrase treatment had no significant effect on the <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> increase induced by hypotonic shock. N≥4, NS: non significant by Mann-Whitney Test between 20% Hypo in presence of absence of Apyr. *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test between basal (white) or 20% hypo (grey) treated cells.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["secretion", "hypotonic", "acute", "generated", "alveolar", "epithelial"], "article_id"=>786702, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["André Dagenais", "Marie-Claude Tessier", "Sabina Tatur", "Emmanuelle Brochiero", "Ryszard Grygorczyk", "Yves Berthiaume"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074565.g010", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>9, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_ATP_secretion_after_hypotonic_shock_and_acute_effect_on_I_sc_generated_by_alveolar_epithelial_cells_/786702", "title"=>"ATP secretion after hypotonic shock and acute effect on <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> generated by alveolar epithelial cells.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-09-03 01:40:51"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1188333"], "description"=>"<p>Basal transepithelial current (<i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> Basal), hypotonic-induced current (<i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> 20% Hypo), the current rise elicited by hypotonic shock (Δ <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> Shock) and the amplitude of ENaC current recorded after hypotonic shock (<i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> ENaC Shock) are depicted in basal condition (Ctrl), after treatment for 20 min with 50 µM BAPTA-AM (Bapta) or in a physiological buffer devoid of Ca²⁺ (Ca²⁺(-)). N≥5, *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test compared to untreated controls.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["basal", "hypotonic-induced", "transepithelial"], "article_id"=>786699, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["André Dagenais", "Marie-Claude Tessier", "Sabina Tatur", "Emmanuelle Brochiero", "Ryszard Grygorczyk", "Yves Berthiaume"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074565.g008", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>14, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Implication_of_Ca_2_in_basal_and_hypotonic_induced_transepithelial_current_/786699", "title"=>"Implication of Ca²⁺ in basal and hypotonic-induced transepithelial current.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-09-03 01:40:51"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1188332"], "description"=>"<p>F₃₄₀/F₃₈₀ ratio kinetic of the [Ca²⁺]_i rise detected by Fura-2 Ca²⁺ fluorescence after 20% hypotonic shock in alveolar epithelial cells is depicted in <b>A</b>. Hypotonic shock induced an immediate increment of intracellular [Ca²⁺]_i, reaching maximum after 266.3 ± 27 s (T_max) compared to the basal condition (T₀). The F₃₄₀/F₃₈₀ ratio rose significantly between T₀ and T_max (N=4, *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test) (<b>B</b>). The time to reach maximum <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> and maximum [Ca²⁺]_i was significantly different (N=17 for <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i>, N=5 for F₃₄₀/F₃₈₀, *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test) (<b>C</b>).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["hypotonic", "alveolar", "epithelial"], "article_id"=>786698, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["André Dagenais", "Marie-Claude Tessier", "Sabina Tatur", "Emmanuelle Brochiero", "Ryszard Grygorczyk", "Yves Berthiaume"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074565.g007", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>12, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Kinetic_of_Ca_2_i_concentration_rise_after_20_hypotonic_shock_in_alveolar_epithelial_cells_/786698", "title"=>"Kinetic of [Ca²⁺]_i concentration rise after 20% hypotonic shock in alveolar epithelial cells.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-09-03 01:40:51"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1188327"], "description"=>"<p>Typical <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> tracings are depicted for current responses to 20% hypotonic shock (20% Hypo) in the basal condition (Ctrl) <b>A</b>, after 100 µM amiloride pre-treatment (Amiloride) <b>B</b>, in reduced Cl^- buffer (9mM NaCl; 150 mM Na gluconate) (Cl^-(-)) <b>C</b> or after 100 µM basolateral DIOA treatment <b>D</b>. Arrows show the start of hypotonic shock (20% Hypo) and the apical addition of 10 µM amiloride (Amil), 1 µM amiloride (Amil 1), 100 µM amiloride (Amil 100) or 100 µM NPPB. A double-headed arrow shows the current rise elicited by hypotonic shock (Δ <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> Shock).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["hypotonic", "ussing"], "article_id"=>786693, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["André Dagenais", "Marie-Claude Tessier", "Sabina Tatur", "Emmanuelle Brochiero", "Ryszard Grygorczyk", "Yves Berthiaume"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074565.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>13, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Impact_of_20_hypotonic_shock_on_the_Ussing_I_sc_recording_/786693", "title"=>"Impact of 20% hypotonic shock on the Ussing <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> recording.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-09-03 01:40:51"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1188326"], "description"=>"<p>A typical <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> tracing is depicted in <b>A</b>. ENaC current was determined after adding 1 µM amiloride (Amil 1 µM) on the apical side. After apical medium perfusion (Perf) to wash away amiloride, the cells were subjected to bilateral 20% hypotonic shock (20% Hypo). Transepithelial resistance (R_te) was monitored throughout the experiment by applying a 1-mV pulse every 10 s (seen as spikes in the <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> trace). ENaC and amiloride-insensitive currents were then tested by adding 1 µM amiloride (Amil 1 µM) and 100 µM amiloride (Amil 100 µM) respectively. Total transepithelial current (Total), 1µM amiloride-sensitive ENaC current (ENaC) and the 100 µM amiloride–insensitive current (Amil-ins) are depicted in <b>B</b> for the untreated control condition (Basal) and after 20% hypotonic shock (20% Hypo). N≥10, *p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney Test between 20% Hypo and Basal. NS: non significant. Mean <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> from different experiments shows the transient nature of the acute rise in the transepithelial current after 20% hypotonic shock (<b>C</b>). Mean time to reach maximum current is depicted on top (113.6 ± 7 s; N=17). The time to return to basal values is depicted at the bottom (733.1 ± 120 s; N≥5).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["hypotonic", "alveolar", "epithelial"], "article_id"=>786692, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["André Dagenais", "Marie-Claude Tessier", "Sabina Tatur", "Emmanuelle Brochiero", "Ryszard Grygorczyk", "Yves Berthiaume"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074565.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>6, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Modulation_of_I_sc_after_a_20_hypotonic_shock_in_alveolar_epithelial_cells_/786692", "title"=>"Modulation of <i>I</i>_<i>sc</i> after a 20% hypotonic shock in alveolar epithelial cells.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-09-03 01:40:51"}

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Relative Metric

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F1000Prime