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{"title"=>"Genetic variability of the neogregarine Apicystis bombi, an etiological agent of an emergent bumblebee disease", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Jafar", "last_name"=>"Maharramov", "scopus_author_id"=>"38862332200"}, {"first_name"=>"Ivan", "last_name"=>"Meeus", "scopus_author_id"=>"36124888600"}, {"first_name"=>"Kevin", "last_name"=>"Maebe", "scopus_author_id"=>"55043270800"}, {"first_name"=>"Marina", "last_name"=>"Arbetman", "scopus_author_id"=>"53876917200"}, {"first_name"=>"Carolina", "last_name"=>"Morales", "scopus_author_id"=>"7202531327"}, {"first_name"=>"Peter", "last_name"=>"Graystock", "scopus_author_id"=>"55201839500"}, {"first_name"=>"William O H", "last_name"=>"Hughes", "scopus_author_id"=>"7202094242"}, {"first_name"=>"Santiago", "last_name"=>"Plischuk", "scopus_author_id"=>"35485139000"}, {"first_name"=>"Carlos E.", "last_name"=>"Lange", "scopus_author_id"=>"7202366667"}, {"first_name"=>"Dirk C.", "last_name"=>"De Graaf", "scopus_author_id"=>"7004228655"}, {"first_name"=>"Nelson", "last_name"=>"Zapata", "scopus_author_id"=>"36960504800"}, {"first_name"=>"Jose Javier Perez", "last_name"=>"De La Rosa", "scopus_author_id"=>"55995663000"}, {"first_name"=>"Tomás E.", "last_name"=>"Murray", "scopus_author_id"=>"7401956327"}, {"first_name"=>"Mark J F", "last_name"=>"Brown", "scopus_author_id"=>"55499279200"}, {"first_name"=>"Guy", "last_name"=>"Smagghe", "scopus_author_id"=>"7005189561"}], "year"=>2013, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"pui"=>"372094621", "issn"=>"19326203", "isbn"=>"1932-6203 (Electronic)\\r1932-6203 (Linking)", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0081475", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84891930360", "pmid"=>"24324696", "sgr"=>"84891930360"}, "id"=>"59246025-1a0c-3624-a838-037204b3260b", "abstract"=>"The worldwide spread of diseases is considered a major threat to biodiversity and a possible driver of the decline of pollinator populations, particularly when novel species or strains of parasites emerge. Previous studies have suggested that populations of introduced European honeybee (Apis mellifera) and bumblebee species (Bombus terrestris and Bombus ruderatus) in Argentina share the neogregarine parasite Apicystis bombi with the native bumblebee (Bombus dahlbomii). In this study we investigated whether A. bombi is acting as an emergent parasite in the non-native populations. Specifically, we asked whether A. bombi, recently identified in Argentina, was introduced by European, non-native bees. Using ITS1 and ITS2 to assess the parasite's intraspecific genetic variation in bees from Argentina and Europe, we found a largely unstructured parasite population, with only 15% of the genetic variation being explained by geographic location. The most abundant haplotype in Argentina (found in all 9 specimens of non-native species) was identical to the most abundant haplotype in Europe (found in 6 out of 8 specimens). Similarly, there was no evidence of structuring by host species, with this factor explaining only 17% of the genetic variation. Interestingly, parasites in native Bombus ephippiatus from Mexico were genetically distant from the Argentine and European samples, suggesting that sufficient variability does exist in the ITS region to identify continent-level genetic structure in the parasite. Thus, the data suggest that A. bombi from Argentina and Europe share a common, relatively recent origin. Although our data did not provide information on the direction of transfer, the absence of genetic structure across space and host species suggests that A. bombi may be acting as an emergent infectious disease across bee taxa and continents.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/genetic-variability-neogregarine-apicystis-bombi-etiological-agent-emergent-bumblebee-disease", "reader_count"=>67, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>4, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>5, "Researcher"=>16, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>3, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>13, "Student > Postgraduate"=>8, "Student > Master"=>6, "Other"=>3, "Student > Bachelor"=>9}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>4, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>5, "Researcher"=>16, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>3, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>13, "Student > Postgraduate"=>8, "Student > Master"=>6, "Other"=>3, "Student > Bachelor"=>9}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Engineering"=>1, "Unspecified"=>3, "Environmental Science"=>5, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>4, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>48, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>4, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>2}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>1}, "Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>{"Earth and Planetary Sciences"=>2}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>48}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>4}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>3}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>5}, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>{"Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>4}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Argentina"=>1, "Belgium"=>1, "United States"=>3, "Poland"=>1, "Mexico"=>1}, "group_count"=>7}

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• http://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-015-0859-6
• http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-011118-111847
• http://doi.org/10.3390/v7062765
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-016-0445-7
• http://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13198
• http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118566
• http://doi.org/10.1038/srep32547
• http://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13121
• http://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.376896
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2020.125688
• http://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.15336
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2016.03.007
• http://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00372
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.06.023
• http://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647-86.1.65
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2014.08.007
• http://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182015001614
• http://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-7-649
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2014.06.011
• http://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-020-1247-x

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• {"id"=>"413363900508143616", "text"=>"Apicystis bombi may be acting as an emergent infectious disease across bee taxa and continents http://t.co/FR9IL8vDnF", "created_at"=>"2013-12-18T17:43:28Z", "user"=>"PeterGraystock", "user_name"=>"Peter Graystock", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2413567773/oeryaowztflff8w5gxod_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"413634163225272320", "text"=>"RT @PeterGraystock: Apicystis bombi may be acting as an emergent infectious disease across bee taxa and continents http://t.co/cWDjg0kb68", "created_at"=>"2013-12-19T11:37:24Z", "user"=>"SussexBiology", "user_name"=>"Sussex Biology", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/412609162720206848/kTfbayNf_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"422697159020920832", "text"=>"RT @PeterGraystock: Apicystis bombi may be acting as an emergent infectious disease across bee taxa and continents http://t.co/FR9IL8vDnF", "created_at"=>"2014-01-13T11:50:30Z", "user"=>"vanMJafar", "user_name"=>"Jafar Maharram", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1193991307/1_normal.JPG"}

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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1306210"], "description"=>"<p>Overview of bumblebee (<i>Bombus pratorum</i>, <i>Bombus terrestris</i>, <i>Bombus ephippiatis</i> and <i>Bombus ruderatus</i>) and honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) samples included in the study, including the numbers of bees from each species at each location. All bees were infected with <i>Apicystis bombi</i> and the haplotypes found in each bee are given (UNI, EUR1-5, ARG1, ARG2, MEX1 and MEX2).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["sampling", "infected", "geographical"], "article_id"=>870561, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Ecology", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "users"=>["Jafar Maharramov", "Ivan Meeus", "Kevin Maebe", "Marina Arbetman", "Carolina Morales", "Peter Graystock", "William O. H. Hughes", "Santiago Plischuk", "Carlos E. Lange", "Dirk C. de Graaf", "Nelson Zapata", "Jose Javier Perez de la Rosa", "Tomás E. Murray", "Mark J. F. Brown", "Guy Smagghe"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081475.g001"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Bee_sampling_infected_with_Apicystis_bombi_in_different_geographical_areas_/870561", "title"=>"Bee sampling infected with <i>Apicystis bombi</i> in different geographical areas.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-12-06 02:48:04"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1306211"], "description"=>"<p>The size of the node represents the relative abundance of a haplotype and the different colors indicate the proportion of samples with a haplotype that was present in <i>Bombus terrestris</i> (blue), <i>Bombus ruderatus</i> (yellow) or <i>Apis mellifera</i> (green). The black squares represent unobserved single-nucleotide substitutions.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["haplotype", "abundance", "introduced"], "article_id"=>870562, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Ecology", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "users"=>["Jafar Maharramov", "Ivan Meeus", "Kevin Maebe", "Marina Arbetman", "Carolina Morales", "Peter Graystock", "William O. H. Hughes", "Santiago Plischuk", "Carlos E. Lange", "Dirk C. de Graaf", "Nelson Zapata", "Jose Javier Perez de la Rosa", "Tomás E. Murray", "Mark J. F. Brown", "Guy Smagghe"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081475.g002"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Apicystis_bombi_haplotype_abundance_in_three_introduced_bee_species_in_Argentina_/870562", "title"=>"<i>Apicystis bombi</i> haplotype abundance in three introduced bee species in Argentina.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-12-06 02:48:04"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1306213"], "description"=>"<p>(a) Bees in Europe (blue), Argentina (green), Mexico (red), and a commercially produced bumblebee colony in Europe (yellow). Circle sizes are proportional to the numbers of bees infected with the haplotype and the circle colors indicate the proportion of bees with the haplotype that came from each location. The black squares represent unobserved single-nucleotide substitutions. (b) The geographic location in which each haplotype was detected is indicated with colored spots for Europe (blue), Argentina (green), Mexico (red), and a commercially produced bumblebee colony in Europe (yellow). The optimal tree with the sum of branch length = 0.0176 is shown. The percentages of replicate trees in which the associated haplotypes clustered together in the bootstrap test (1000 replicates) are shown next to the branches.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["evolutionary", "relationships"], "article_id"=>870564, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Ecology", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "users"=>["Jafar Maharramov", "Ivan Meeus", "Kevin Maebe", "Marina Arbetman", "Carolina Morales", "Peter Graystock", "William O. H. Hughes", "Santiago Plischuk", "Carlos E. Lange", "Dirk C. de Graaf", "Nelson Zapata", "Jose Javier Perez de la Rosa", "Tomás E. Murray", "Mark J. F. Brown", "Guy Smagghe"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081475.g003"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Network_and_evolutionary_relationships_of_Apicystis_bombi_haplotypes_/870564", "title"=>"Network and evolutionary relationships of <i>Apicystis bombi</i> haplotypes.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2013-12-06 02:48:04"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1306214"], "description"=>"<p><i>P</i> is the probability of having a more extreme variance component and F-statistic than the observed values by chance alone. F-statistics is a measure for genetic variation with Fct, Fsc and Fst assessing different hierarchical levels of subdivision.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["molecular", "variance", "specimens", "argentina", "europe"], "article_id"=>870565, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences", "Ecology", "Earth and Environmental Sciences"], "users"=>["Jafar Maharramov", "Ivan Meeus", "Kevin Maebe", "Marina Arbetman", "Carolina Morales", "Peter Graystock", "William O. H. Hughes", "Santiago Plischuk", "Carlos E. Lange", "Dirk C. de Graaf", "Nelson Zapata", "Jose Javier Perez de la Rosa", "Tomás E. Murray", "Mark J. F. Brown", "Guy Smagghe"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081475.t001"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Analysis_of_molecular_variance_AMOVA_showing_the_distribution_of_genetic_variation_in_A_bombi_across_a_all_specimens_grouped_by_location_b_specimens_from_Argentina_grouped_by_host_and_c_specimens_from_Argentina_and_Europe_grouped_by_location_/870565", "title"=>"Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showing the distribution of genetic variation in <i>A. bombi</i> across (a) all specimens (grouped by location), (b) specimens from Argentina (grouped by host), and (c) specimens from Argentina and Europe (grouped by location).", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2013-12-06 02:48:04"}

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

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• {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"11"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"1", "full-text"=>"0", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2020", "month"=>"12"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2021", "month"=>"1"}

Relative Metric

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F1000Prime