CiteULike

Mendeley | Further Information

{"title"=>"Speciation reversal in European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus (L.)) caused by competitor invasion", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Shripathi", "last_name"=>"Bhat", "scopus_author_id"=>"56117183500"}, {"first_name"=>"Per Arne", "last_name"=>"Amundsen", "scopus_author_id"=>"7006656868"}, {"first_name"=>"Rune", "last_name"=>"Knudsen", "scopus_author_id"=>"7005209040"}, {"first_name"=>"Karl Øystein", "last_name"=>"Gjelland", "scopus_author_id"=>"6602351505"}, {"first_name"=>"Svein Erik", "last_name"=>"Fevolden", "scopus_author_id"=>"6701621776"}, {"first_name"=>"Louis", "last_name"=>"Bernatchez", "scopus_author_id"=>"7005123164"}, {"first_name"=>"Kim", "last_name"=>"Præbel", "scopus_author_id"=>"8682769600"}], "year"=>2014, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"issn"=>"19326203", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84898714325", "sgr"=>"84898714325", "pui"=>"372786283", "pmid"=>"24626131", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0091208"}, "id"=>"053a90a1-e712-32b6-8706-1d03176459df", "abstract"=>"Invasion of exotic species has caused the loss of biodiversity and imparts evolutionary and ecological changes in the introduced systems. In northern Fennoscandia, European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus (L.)) is a highly polymorphic species displaying adaptive radiations into partially reproductively isolated and thus genetically differentiated sympatric morphs utilizing the planktivorous and benthivorous food niche in many lakes. In 1993, Lake Skrukkebukta was invaded by vendace (Coregonus albula (L.)) which is a zooplanktivorous specialist. The vendace displaced the densely rakered whitefish from its preferred pelagic niche to the benthic habitat harbouring the large sparsely rakered whitefish. In this study, we investigate the potential influence of the vendace invasion on the breakdown of reproductive isolation between the two whitefish morphs. We inferred the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation between the two morphs collected at the arrival (1993) and 15 years after (2008) the vendace invasion using 16 microsatellite loci and gill raker numbers, the most distinctive adaptive phenotypic trait between them. The comparison of gill raker number distributions revealed two modes growing closer over 15 years following the invasion. Bayesian analyses of genotypes revealed that the two genetically distinct whitefish morphs that existed in 1993 had collapsed into a single population in 2008. The decline in association between the gill raker numbers and admixture values over 15 years corroborates the findings from the Bayesian analysis. Our study thus suggests an apparent decrease of reproductive isolation in a morph-pair of European whitefish within 15 years (≃ 3 generations) following the invasion of a superior trophic competitor (vendace) in a subarctic lake, reflecting a situation of \"speciation in reverse\".", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/speciation-reversal-european-whitefish-coregonus-lavaretus-l-caused-competitor-invasion", "reader_count"=>59, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>3, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>1, "Researcher"=>16, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>1, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>5, "Student > Postgraduate"=>3, "Student > Master"=>17, "Other"=>1, "Student > Bachelor"=>9, "Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>2}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>3, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>1, "Researcher"=>16, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>1, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>5, "Student > Postgraduate"=>3, "Student > Master"=>17, "Other"=>1, "Student > Bachelor"=>9, "Lecturer"=>1, "Professor"=>2}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Engineering"=>1, "Unspecified"=>4, "Environmental Science"=>3, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>2, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>1, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>46, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>1, "Social Sciences"=>1}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>1}, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>1}, "Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>1}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>46}, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>{"Nursing and Health Professions"=>1}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>2}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>4}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>3}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"Canada"=>1, "Mexico"=>1, "Australia"=>2}, "group_count"=>0}

ORCID | Further Information

CrossRef

• http://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12446
• http://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13736
• http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0152732
• http://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/bly043
• http://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12855
• http://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2016.66
• http://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2342
• http://doi.org/10.1656/045.025.0406
• http://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2015.611108
• http://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12665
• http://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12723
• http://doi.org/10.1111/mec.14253
• http://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12215
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-014-9485-0
• http://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12166
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3845-z
• http://doi.org/10.1111/mec.14018
• http://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12371
• http://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12486
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-016-2648-3
• http://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13429
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2017.08.013
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-3953-4
• http://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13030
• http://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0788-8
• http://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blx010
• http://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13436
• http://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1806-0
• http://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10951

DataCite

Europe PMC Citations | Further Information

Europe PMC Database Citations

PubMed Central

• 4816307
• 4231589
• 4231596

Scopus | Further Information

{"@_fa"=>"true", "link"=>[{"@_fa"=>"true", "@ref"=>"self", "@href"=>"https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84898714325"}, {"@_fa"=>"true", "@ref"=>"author-affiliation", "@href"=>"https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84898714325?field=author,affiliation"}, {"@_fa"=>"true", "@ref"=>"scopus", "@href"=>"https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=84898714325&origin=inward"}, {"@_fa"=>"true", "@ref"=>"scopus-citedby", "@href"=>"https://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=84898714325&origin=inward"}], "prism:url"=>"https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84898714325", "dc:identifier"=>"SCOPUS_ID:84898714325", "eid"=>"2-s2.0-84898714325", "dc:title"=>"Speciation reversal in European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus (L.)) caused by competitor invasion", "dc:creator"=>"Bhat S.", "prism:publicationName"=>"PLoS ONE", "prism:eIssn"=>"19326203", "prism:volume"=>"9", "prism:issueIdentifier"=>"3", "prism:pageRange"=>nil, "prism:coverDate"=>"2014-03-13", "prism:coverDisplayDate"=>"13 March 2014", "prism:doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0091208", "citedby-count"=>"30", "pubmed-id"=>"24626131", "prism:aggregationType"=>"Journal", "subtype"=>"ar", "subtypeDescription"=>"Article", "article-number"=>"e91208", "source-id"=>"10600153309", "openaccess"=>"1", "openaccessFlag"=>true}

Web of Science® | Further Information

Article Coverage

Article Coverage Curated

Facebook

• {"url"=>"http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.plos.org%2Fplosone%2Farticle%3Fid%3D10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0091208", "share_count"=>0, "like_count"=>0, "comment_count"=>0, "click_count"=>0, "total_count"=>0}

Journal Comments

Nature

Reddit

Research Blogging

ScienceSeeker | Further Information

Twitter

• {"id"=>"444476696603799553", "text"=>"Speciation reversal in European whitefish caused by competitor invasion\nhttp://t.co/29gSQxNihx", "created_at"=>"2014-03-14T14:14:37Z", "user"=>"boopsboops", "user_name"=>"Rupert A. Collins", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2297079416/shark_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"453571820013510657", "text"=>"RT @boopsboops: Speciation reversal in European whitefish caused by competitor invasion\nhttp://t.co/29gSQxNihx", "created_at"=>"2014-04-08T16:35:23Z", "user"=>"DrColinBean", "user_name"=>"Colin Bean", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1735497822/Arctic_charr_jpeg_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"886461209616187392", "text"=>"\"Speciation Reversal in European Whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus (L.)) Caused by Competitor Invasion.\"\nhttps://t.co/EcFSiL8xcv", "created_at"=>"2017-07-16T05:43:16Z", "user"=>"TenFleming", "user_name"=>"Nigel Ten Fleming", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/549466594175619073/smi3zKQq_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"886461575804182528", "text"=>"Reproductive isolation \"impedes the exchange of genes between the members of distinct populations.\"\nhttps://t.co/EcFSiL8xcv", "created_at"=>"2017-07-16T05:44:43Z", "user"=>"TenFleming", "user_name"=>"Nigel Ten Fleming", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/549466594175619073/smi3zKQq_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"886461672503865344", "text"=>"\"The reproductive isolation may include both pre-zygotic and post-zygotic isolation mechanisms.\"\nhttps://t.co/EcFSiL8xcv", "created_at"=>"2017-07-16T05:45:07Z", "user"=>"TenFleming", "user_name"=>"Nigel Ten Fleming", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/549466594175619073/smi3zKQq_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"888630241312333824", "text"=>"Speciation. \"Pre-zygotic isolation mechanisms mainly involve spatial and temporal isolation...and sexual selection.\"\nhttps://t.co/EcFSiL8xcv", "created_at"=>"2017-07-22T05:22:14Z", "user"=>"TenFleming", "user_name"=>"Nigel Ten Fleming", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/549466594175619073/smi3zKQq_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"888630440839573505", "text"=>"Speciation. \"The temporal and spatial pre-zygotic isolation mechanism...restricts gene flow among populations.\" \nhttps://t.co/EcFSiL8xcv", "created_at"=>"2017-07-22T05:23:01Z", "user"=>"TenFleming", "user_name"=>"Nigel Ten Fleming", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/549466594175619073/smi3zKQq_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"888630686797770753", "text"=>"\"Sexual selection also represents a potential driver of reproductive isolation (mate choice).\"\nhttps://t.co/EcFSiL8xcv", "created_at"=>"2017-07-22T05:24:00Z", "user"=>"TenFleming", "user_name"=>"Nigel Ten Fleming", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/549466594175619073/smi3zKQq_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"888630992356986880", "text"=>"\"The American signal crayfish has altered the reproductive behavior of males of three-spined sticklebacks.\" \nhttps://t.co/EcFSiL8xcv", "created_at"=>"2017-07-22T05:25:13Z", "user"=>"TenFleming", "user_name"=>"Nigel Ten Fleming", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/549466594175619073/smi3zKQq_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"888631184049262592", "text"=>"American signal crayfish + three-spined sticklebacks --> speciation reversal.\nhttps://t.co/EcFSiL8xcv", "created_at"=>"2017-07-22T05:25:58Z", "user"=>"TenFleming", "user_name"=>"Nigel Ten Fleming", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/549466594175619073/smi3zKQq_normal.jpeg"}

Wikipedia | Further Information

• {"title"=>"Coregonus", "url"=>"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coregonus", "timestamp"=>"2018-04-12T16:20:32Z"}

Wordpress.com | Further Information

Counter

• {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"50", "xml_views"=>"8", "html_views"=>"191"}
• {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"31", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"156"}
• {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"100"}
• {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"19", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"96"}
• {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"48"}
• {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"30"}
• {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"14", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"57"}
• {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"78"}
• {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"76"}
• {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2014", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"37"}
• {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"49"}
• {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"54"}
• {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"53"}
• {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"58"}
• {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"33"}
• {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"33"}
• {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"26"}
• {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"36"}
• {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"38"}
• {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"35"}
• {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"45"}
• {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2015", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"51"}
• {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"11", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"39"}
• {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"49"}
• {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"63"}
• {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"27"}
• {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"20"}
• {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"39"}
• {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"39"}
• {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"41"}
• {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"49"}
• {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"35", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"46"}
• {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"38"}
• {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2016", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"32"}
• {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"31"}
• {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"7", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"54"}
• {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"44"}
• {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"44"}
• {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"6", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"37"}
• {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"12", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"34"}
• {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"64"}
• {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"18"}
• {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"29"}
• {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"578"}
• {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"65"}
• {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2017", "pdf_views"=>"8", "xml_views"=>"4", "html_views"=>"30"}
• {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"15", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"44"}
• {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"14"}
• {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"20"}
• {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"9", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"28"}
• {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"7"}
• {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"8"}
• {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"3", "html_views"=>"6"}
• {"month"=>"8", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"7"}
• {"month"=>"9", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"6"}
• {"month"=>"10", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"2", "html_views"=>"8"}
• {"month"=>"11", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"10"}
• {"month"=>"12", "year"=>"2018", "pdf_views"=>"3", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"5"}
• {"month"=>"1", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"17"}
• {"month"=>"2", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"1", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"5"}
• {"month"=>"3", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"5", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"17"}
• {"month"=>"4", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"30"}
• {"month"=>"5", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"2", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"26"}
• {"month"=>"6", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"10", "xml_views"=>"0", "html_views"=>"16"}
• {"month"=>"7", "year"=>"2019", "pdf_views"=>"4", "xml_views"=>"1", "html_views"=>"8"}

Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1417986"], "description"=>"<p>The individual admixture values (q-values) estimated by Structure 2.2.3 <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0091208#pone.0091208-Pritchard1\" target=\"_blank\">[67]</a> are plotted against the gill raker numbers. The q-values indicate admixture proportions of individuals. The solid horizontal lines indicate the threshold q-values to identify hybrids and pure whitefish morphs.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["ecology", "Community Ecology", "Niche construction", "Ecological environments", "Freshwater environments", "biodiversity", "Freshwater ecology", "Evolutionary biology", "Evolutionary processes", "hybridization", "introgression", "Species extinction", "Evolutionary genetics", "comparing", "morphological", "dr-lsr", "whitefish", "morph-pair"], "article_id"=>960332, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Shripathi Bhat", "Per-Arne Amundsen", "Rune Knudsen", "Karl Øystein Gjelland", "Svein-Erik Fevolden", "Louis Bernatchez", "Kim Præbel"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091208.g004", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>2, "page_views"=>19, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Scatter_plots_comparing_genetic_and_morphological_data_of_DR_LSR_whitefish_morph_pair_at_arrival_1993_A_and_after_2008_B_a_biological_invasion_/960332", "title"=>"Scatter plots comparing genetic and morphological data of DR-LSR whitefish morph-pair at arrival (1993, A) and after (2008, B) a biological invasion.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2014-03-13 08:25:27"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1417983"], "description"=>"<p>The q-values indicate admixture proportions with the associated 90% credible intervals as estimated by STRUCTURE 2.2.3 <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0091208#pone.0091208-Pritchard1\" target=\"_blank\">[67]</a>. The solid horizontal lines indicate the threshold q-values for identifying hybrids and pure whitefish morphs.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["ecology", "Community Ecology", "Niche construction", "Ecological environments", "Freshwater environments", "biodiversity", "Freshwater ecology", "Evolutionary biology", "Evolutionary processes", "hybridization", "introgression", "Species extinction", "Evolutionary genetics", "admixture", "proportions", "dr-lsr", "whitefish", "morph-pair"], "article_id"=>960329, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Shripathi Bhat", "Per-Arne Amundsen", "Rune Knudsen", "Karl Øystein Gjelland", "Svein-Erik Fevolden", "Louis Bernatchez", "Kim Præbel"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091208.g003", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>1, "page_views"=>21, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Frequency_distribution_of_individual_admixture_proportions_of_DR_LSR_whitefish_morph_pair_upon_arrival_1993_A_and_after_2008_B_a_biological_invasion_/960329", "title"=>"Frequency distribution of individual admixture proportions of DR-LSR whitefish morph-pair upon arrival (1993, A) and after (2008, B) a biological invasion.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2014-03-13 08:25:27"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1417980"], "description"=>"<p>The solid line on the histogram indicates the kernel density function.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["ecology", "Community Ecology", "Niche construction", "Ecological environments", "Freshwater environments", "biodiversity", "Freshwater ecology", "Evolutionary biology", "Evolutionary processes", "hybridization", "introgression", "Species extinction", "Evolutionary genetics", "gill", "raker", "numbers", "dr-lsr", "whitefish", "morph-pair", "samples", "1993", "2008"], "article_id"=>960326, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Shripathi Bhat", "Per-Arne Amundsen", "Rune Knudsen", "Karl Øystein Gjelland", "Svein-Erik Fevolden", "Louis Bernatchez", "Kim Præbel"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091208.g002", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>3, "page_views"=>27, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Frequency_distribution_of_gill_raker_numbers_in_DR_LSR_whitefish_morph_pair_samples_collected_in_1993_A_and_2008_B_from_Lake_Skrukkebukta_/960326", "title"=>"Frequency distribution of gill raker numbers in DR-LSR whitefish morph-pair samples collected in 1993 (A) and 2008 (B) from Lake Skrukkebukta.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2014-03-13 08:25:27"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1417990", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1417991"], "description"=>"<div><p>Invasion of exotic species has caused the loss of biodiversity and imparts evolutionary and ecological changes in the introduced systems. In northern Fennoscandia, European whitefish (<i>Coregonus lavaretus</i> (L.)) is a highly polymorphic species displaying adaptive radiations into partially reproductively isolated and thus genetically differentiated sympatric morphs utilizing the planktivorous and benthivorous food niche in many lakes. In 1993, Lake Skrukkebukta was invaded by vendace (<i>Coregonus albula</i> (L.)) which is a zooplanktivorous specialist. The vendace displaced the densely rakered whitefish from its preferred pelagic niche to the benthic habitat harbouring the large sparsely rakered whitefish. In this study, we investigate the potential influence of the vendace invasion on the breakdown of reproductive isolation between the two whitefish morphs. We inferred the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation between the two morphs collected at the arrival (1993) and 15 years after (2008) the vendace invasion using 16 microsatellite loci and gill raker numbers, the most distinctive adaptive phenotypic trait between them. The comparison of gill raker number distributions revealed two modes growing closer over 15 years following the invasion. Bayesian analyses of genotypes revealed that the two genetically distinct whitefish morphs that existed in 1993 had collapsed into a single population in 2008. The decline in association between the gill raker numbers and admixture values over 15 years corroborates the findings from the Bayesian analysis. Our study thus suggests an apparent decrease of reproductive isolation in a morph-pair of European whitefish within 15 years (≃ 3 generations) following the invasion of a superior trophic competitor (vendace) in a subarctic lake, reflecting a situation of “speciation in reverse”.</p></div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["ecology", "Community Ecology", "Niche construction", "Ecological environments", "Freshwater environments", "biodiversity", "Freshwater ecology", "Evolutionary biology", "Evolutionary processes", "hybridization", "introgression", "Species extinction", "Evolutionary genetics", "speciation", "reversal", "european", "whitefish", "caused"], "article_id"=>960336, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Shripathi Bhat", "Per-Arne Amundsen", "Rune Knudsen", "Karl Øystein Gjelland", "Svein-Erik Fevolden", "Louis Bernatchez", "Kim Præbel"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091208.s001", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091208.s002"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>7, "page_views"=>8, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/Speciation_Reversal_in_European_Whitefish_Coregonus_lavaretus_L_Caused_by_Competitor_Invasion/960336", "title"=>"Speciation Reversal in European Whitefish (<i>Coregonus lavaretus</i> (L.)) Caused by Competitor Invasion", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>4, "published_date"=>"2014-03-13 08:25:27"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1417987"], "description"=>"<p>Putative reproductive isolation mechansims in European whitefish (<i>Coregonus lavaretus</i>) and other post-glacial fish.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["ecology", "Community Ecology", "Niche construction", "Ecological environments", "Freshwater environments", "biodiversity", "Freshwater ecology", "Evolutionary biology", "Evolutionary processes", "hybridization", "introgression", "Species extinction", "Evolutionary genetics", "reproductive", "mechansims", "european", "whitefish", "post-glacial"], "article_id"=>960334, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Shripathi Bhat", "Per-Arne Amundsen", "Rune Knudsen", "Karl Øystein Gjelland", "Svein-Erik Fevolden", "Louis Bernatchez", "Kim Præbel"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091208.t001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>4, "page_views"=>16, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Putative_reproductive_isolation_mechansims_in_European_whitefish_Coregonus_lavaretus_and_other_post_glacial_fish_/960334", "title"=>"Putative reproductive isolation mechansims in European whitefish (<i>Coregonus lavaretus</i>) and other post-glacial fish.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2014-03-13 08:25:27"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1417978"], "description"=>"<p>Black arrow indicates the location of Lake Skrukkebukta in Pasvik water course.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["ecology", "Community Ecology", "Niche construction", "Ecological environments", "Freshwater environments", "biodiversity", "Freshwater ecology", "Evolutionary biology", "Evolutionary processes", "hybridization", "introgression", "Species extinction", "Evolutionary genetics", "pasvik", "finnmark"], "article_id"=>960324, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Shripathi Bhat", "Per-Arne Amundsen", "Rune Knudsen", "Karl Øystein Gjelland", "Svein-Erik Fevolden", "Louis Bernatchez", "Kim Præbel"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091208.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>2, "page_views"=>69, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Map_of_Pasvik_watercourse_Finnmark_county_northern_Norway_/960324", "title"=>"Map of Pasvik watercourse, Finnmark county, northern Norway.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2014-03-13 08:25:27"}

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

• {"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"12", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"3"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"17", "pdf"=>"10", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"5"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"12", "full-text"=>"13", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"6"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"8", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"4"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"11", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"4"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"5"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"7", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"6"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"10", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"7"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"3"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"23", "full-text"=>"19", "pdf"=>"8", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"2"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"7", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"8"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"9"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"8", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"10"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"9", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"7"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"10", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"8"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"14", "full-text"=>"10", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"2", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"9"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"9", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"10"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"24", "full-text"=>"35", "pdf"=>"4", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"2"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"11"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2014", "month"=>"12"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"13", "full-text"=>"11", "pdf"=>"5", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"1", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"1"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"17", "full-text"=>"14", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"11"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"13", "full-text"=>"15", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2015", "month"=>"12"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"17", "full-text"=>"21", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"1"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"19", "full-text"=>"22", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"3"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"4"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"11", "full-text"=>"18", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"5"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"6"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"9", "full-text"=>"8", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"7"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"10", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"3", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"8"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"1", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"9"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"15", "full-text"=>"13", "pdf"=>"6", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"1", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"10"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"11", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"11"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"8", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2016", "month"=>"12"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"1"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"14", "full-text"=>"14", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"2"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"17", "full-text"=>"17", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"3"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"13", "full-text"=>"13", "pdf"=>"3", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"4"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"23", "full-text"=>"27", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"5"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"6"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"13", "full-text"=>"12", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"7"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"8"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"8", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"9"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"9", "full-text"=>"8", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"10"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"11", "pdf"=>"2", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"11"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"8", "pdf"=>"1", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2017", "month"=>"12"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"10", "full-text"=>"11", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"1"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"27", "full-text"=>"31", "pdf"=>"0", "abstract"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"3"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"7", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"1"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"15", "full-text"=>"15", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"4"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"2", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"11"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"11", "full-text"=>"16", "pdf"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"5"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"6", "pdf"=>"3", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"12"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"18", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"6"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"9", "full-text"=>"9", "pdf"=>"2", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"3", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"7"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"6", "full-text"=>"10", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"8"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"2", "full-text"=>"2", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"10"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"15", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2018", "month"=>"9"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"4", "full-text"=>"4", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"3"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"5", "full-text"=>"5", "pdf"=>"1", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"4"}
• {"unique-ip"=>"8", "full-text"=>"8", "pdf"=>"0", "scanned-summary"=>"0", "scanned-page-browse"=>"0", "figure"=>"0", "supp-data"=>"0", "cited-by"=>"0", "year"=>"2019", "month"=>"5"}

Relative Metric

{"start_date"=>"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z", "end_date"=>"2014-12-31T00:00:00Z", "subject_areas"=>[{"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences/Anatomy", "average_usage"=>[267]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences/Computational biology", "average_usage"=>[341, 529]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences/Ecology", "average_usage"=>[331]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences/Evolutionary biology", "average_usage"=>[333]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences/Genetics", "average_usage"=>[306, 482]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Biology and life sciences/Zoology", "average_usage"=>[329]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Earth sciences/Marine and aquatic sciences", "average_usage"=>[343]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Ecology and environmental sciences", "average_usage"=>[320]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Ecology and environmental sciences/Ecology", "average_usage"=>[313]}, {"subject_area"=>"/Medicine and health sciences", "average_usage"=>[285]}]}

F1000Prime