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{"title"=>"Hard surface biocontrol in hospitals using microbial-based cleaning products", "type"=>"journal", "authors"=>[{"first_name"=>"Alberta", "last_name"=>"Vandini", "scopus_author_id"=>"6504447944"}, {"first_name"=>"Robin", "last_name"=>"Temmerman", "scopus_author_id"=>"8586581500"}, {"first_name"=>"Alessia", "last_name"=>"Frabetti", "scopus_author_id"=>"55192229900"}, {"first_name"=>"Elisabetta", "last_name"=>"Caselli", "scopus_author_id"=>"7003824713"}, {"first_name"=>"Paola", "last_name"=>"Antonioli", "scopus_author_id"=>"40460984500"}, {"first_name"=>"Pier Giorgio", "last_name"=>"Balboni", "scopus_author_id"=>"6602764661"}, {"first_name"=>"Daniela", "last_name"=>"Platano", "scopus_author_id"=>"6603110225"}, {"first_name"=>"Alessio", "last_name"=>"Branchini", "scopus_author_id"=>"25925774000"}, {"first_name"=>"Sante", "last_name"=>"Mazzacane", "scopus_author_id"=>"6507263439"}], "year"=>2014, "source"=>"PLoS ONE", "identifiers"=>{"pui"=>"600069085", "pmid"=>"25259528", "issn"=>"19326203", "doi"=>"10.1371/journal.pone.0108598", "isbn"=>"1932-6203 (Electronic)\\r1932-6203 (Linking)", "scopus"=>"2-s2.0-84907426041", "sgr"=>"84907426041"}, "id"=>"c0187d94-0920-3785-9358-6e11fadc0f37", "abstract"=>"BACKGROUND: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) are one of the most frequent complications occurring in healthcare facilities. Contaminated environmental surfaces provide an important potential source for transmission of many healthcare-associated pathogens, thus indicating the need for new and sustainable strategies.\\n\\nAIM: This study aims to evaluate the effect of a novel cleaning procedure based on the mechanism of biocontrol, on the presence and survival of several microorganisms responsible for HAIs (i.e. coliforms, Staphyloccus aureus, Clostridium difficile, and Candida albicans) on hard surfaces in a hospital setting.\\n\\nMETHODS: The effect of microbial cleaning, containing spores of food grade Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus megaterium, in comparison with conventional cleaning protocols, was evaluated for 24 weeks in three independent hospitals (one in Belgium and two in Italy) and approximately 20000 microbial surface samples were collected.\\n\\nRESULTS: Microbial cleaning, as part of the daily cleaning protocol, resulted in a reduction of HAI-related pathogens by 50 to 89%. This effect was achieved after 3-4 weeks and the reduction in the pathogen load was stable over time. Moreover, by using microbial or conventional cleaning alternatively, we found that this effect was directly related to the new procedure, as indicated by the raise in CFU/m2 when microbial cleaning was replaced by the conventional procedure. Although many questions remain regarding the actual mechanisms involved, this study demonstrates that microbial cleaning is a more effective and sustainable alternative to chemical cleaning and non-specific disinfection in healthcare facilities.\\n\\nCONCLUSIONS: This study indicates microbial cleaning as an effective strategy in continuously lowering the number of HAI-related microorganisms on surfaces. The first indications on the actual level of HAIs in the trial hospitals monitored on a continuous basis are very promising, and may pave the way for a novel and cost-effective strategy to counteract or (bio)control healthcare-associated pathogens.", "link"=>"http://www.mendeley.com/research/hard-surface-biocontrol-hospitals-using-microbialbased-cleaning-products", "reader_count"=>78, "reader_count_by_academic_status"=>{"Unspecified"=>3, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>4, "Researcher"=>21, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>3, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>11, "Student > Postgraduate"=>5, "Student > Master"=>5, "Other"=>8, "Student > Bachelor"=>8, "Lecturer"=>3, "Professor"=>7}, "reader_count_by_user_role"=>{"Unspecified"=>3, "Professor > Associate Professor"=>4, "Researcher"=>21, "Student > Doctoral Student"=>3, "Student > Ph. D. Student"=>11, "Student > Postgraduate"=>5, "Student > Master"=>5, "Other"=>8, "Student > Bachelor"=>8, "Lecturer"=>3, "Professor"=>7}, "reader_count_by_subject_area"=>{"Unspecified"=>8, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>25, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>1, "Chemistry"=>2, "Decision Sciences"=>1, "Engineering"=>2, "Environmental Science"=>2, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>7, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>2, "Medicine and Dentistry"=>20, "Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>1, "Physics and Astronomy"=>1, "Social Sciences"=>1, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>5}, "reader_count_by_subdiscipline"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>{"Medicine and Dentistry"=>20}, "Social Sciences"=>{"Social Sciences"=>1}, "Decision Sciences"=>{"Decision Sciences"=>1}, "Physics and Astronomy"=>{"Physics and Astronomy"=>1}, "Unspecified"=>{"Unspecified"=>8}, "Environmental Science"=>{"Environmental Science"=>2}, "Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>{"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science"=>1}, "Engineering"=>{"Engineering"=>2}, "Chemistry"=>{"Chemistry"=>2}, "Immunology and Microbiology"=>{"Immunology and Microbiology"=>5}, "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>{"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"=>25}, "Nursing and Health Professions"=>{"Nursing and Health Professions"=>2}, "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>{"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"=>7}, "Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>{"Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine"=>1}}, "reader_count_by_country"=>{"United States"=>1, "Brazil"=>1, "Portugal"=>2, "Germany"=>1}, "group_count"=>2}

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• http://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1318480
• http://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111726
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2018.03.046
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.030
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• http://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-5-436-442
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• http://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000000289
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• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2016.06.021
• http://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-019-0157-y

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• {"id"=>"517704462480060417", "text"=>"This group used healthy bugs to outcompete pathogens on hospital surfaces - 20,000 swabs. @microbenet http://t.co/bgErJELAWN", "created_at"=>"2014-10-02T15:55:37Z", "user"=>"gilbertjacka", "user_name"=>"Jack A Gilbert", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2330006367/image_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"517704769000210433", "text"=>"RT @gilbertjacka: This group used healthy bugs to outcompete pathogens on hospital surfaces - 20,000 swabs. @microbenet http://t.co/bgErJEL…", "created_at"=>"2014-10-02T15:56:50Z", "user"=>"watermicrobe", "user_name"=>"Ameet Pinto", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3210860630/58dfed84c567820156be866aeca26655_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"517724375521710080", "text"=>"RT @gilbertjacka: This group used healthy bugs to outcompete pathogens on hospital surfaces - 20,000 swabs. @microbenet http://t.co/bgErJEL…", "created_at"=>"2014-10-02T17:14:44Z", "user"=>"VanBonn", "user_name"=>"Bill Van Bonn", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/505350933702656001/X8mtTmzz_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"517746344643948544", "text"=>"RT @gilbertjacka: This group used healthy bugs to outcompete pathogens on hospital surfaces - 20,000 swabs. @microbenet http://t.co/bgErJEL…", "created_at"=>"2014-10-02T18:42:02Z", "user"=>"PLOSONE", "user_name"=>"PLOS ONE", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2429958559/mzjl6as5u2m09r2erof6_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"517768966107049984", "text"=>"RT @gilbertjacka: This group used healthy bugs to outcompete pathogens on hospital surfaces - 20,000 swabs. @microbenet http://t.co/bgErJEL…", "created_at"=>"2014-10-02T20:11:55Z", "user"=>"GUBIOL105L", "user_name"=>"GU Biology 105 Lab", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/466350464531828736/2SKtA08R_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"517779001939472385", "text"=>"RT @gilbertjacka: This group used healthy bugs to outcompete pathogens on hospital surfaces - 20,000 swabs. @microbenet http://t.co/bgErJEL…", "created_at"=>"2014-10-02T20:51:48Z", "user"=>"CampOther", "user_name"=>"cAMP Öther", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/418967192097419264/b84KterR_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"517779538185822208", "text"=>"RT @gilbertjacka: This group used healthy bugs to outcompete pathogens on hospital surfaces - 20,000 swabs. @microbenet http://t.co/bgErJEL…", "created_at"=>"2014-10-02T20:53:56Z", "user"=>"surt_lab", "user_name"=>"David Baltrus", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/480319412348522496/x0XAe3Ob_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"517780287192059904", "text"=>"RT @gilbertjacka: This group used healthy bugs to outcompete pathogens on hospital surfaces - 20,000 swabs. @microbenet http://t.co/bgErJEL…", "created_at"=>"2014-10-02T20:56:55Z", "user"=>"trevorsaddress", "user_name"=>"Trevor Morgan", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/455722780785246209/3MRM9RSn_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"518563378881896448", "text"=>"Probiotic hospital floor cleaning! http://t.co/834sp4lAEM", "created_at"=>"2014-10-05T00:48:38Z", "user"=>"TjbMan", "user_name"=>"Tom de Man", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2780238487/78ebc3278063dcc0f0277231d78c9c6f_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"518618726229630976", "text"=>"RT @TjbMan: Probiotic hospital floor cleaning! http://t.co/834sp4lAEM", "created_at"=>"2014-10-05T04:28:34Z", "user"=>"conTAMInatedsci", "user_name"=>"Tami Lieberman", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/378800000146942790/1ef21a21c4477012c3b7f43607693883_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"518628427071377408", "text"=>"RT @TjbMan: Probiotic hospital floor cleaning! http://t.co/834sp4lAEM", "created_at"=>"2014-10-05T05:07:07Z", "user"=>"torstenseemann", "user_name"=>"Torsten Seemann", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/480188503595036673/Vx6t-CfZ_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"518660423458226176", "text"=>"RT @TjbMan: Probiotic hospital floor cleaning! http://t.co/834sp4lAEM", "created_at"=>"2014-10-05T07:14:15Z", "user"=>"watermicrobe", "user_name"=>"Ameet Pinto", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3210860630/58dfed84c567820156be866aeca26655_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"518735289217740800", "text"=>"RT @TjbMan: Probiotic hospital floor cleaning! http://t.co/834sp4lAEM", "created_at"=>"2014-10-05T12:11:45Z", "user"=>"petervikesland", "user_name"=>"peter vikesland", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/437578006295351296/LwLLz8ql_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"524087678858301440", "text"=>"Mooi rapport over gebruik van probiotica in ziekenhuizen.\n\nhttp://t.co/iXHorYSJHJ http://t.co/IytHb91sGN", "created_at"=>"2014-10-20T06:40:14Z", "user"=>"nuvoClean1", "user_name"=>"Duurzaam schoonmaken", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/449245661851287552/e3v9AzC-_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"536883833317392384", "text"=>"Incredible study: spreading Bacillus spores around hospital rooms to reduce contamination with pathogens http://t.co/ScXmZ1dpHe", "created_at"=>"2014-11-24T14:07:35Z", "user"=>"jonotter", "user_name"=>"Jon Otter", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/516998466283638784/pnlOpUlx_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540529014159331329", "text"=>"Here's an idea for you. How about we spread Bacillus spores around hospital rooms. Deliberately. I'm not joking. http://t.co/lg4TS33P5s", "created_at"=>"2014-12-04T15:32:14Z", "user"=>"jonotter", "user_name"=>"Jon Otter", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/516998466283638784/pnlOpUlx_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540531293428408320", "text"=>"RT @jonotter: Here's an idea for you. How about we spread Bacillus spores around hospital rooms. Deliberately. I'm not joking. http://t.co/…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-04T15:41:17Z", "user"=>"kellyswails", "user_name"=>"Kelly Swails", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/2157969817/IMG_4598__640x427__normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"540531536400220161", "text"=>"RT @jonotter: Here's an idea for you. How about we spread Bacillus spores around hospital rooms. Deliberately. I'm not joking. http://t.co/…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-04T15:42:15Z", "user"=>"merriehaskell", "user_name"=>"Merrie Haskell", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/468388097852325888/HdpY940B_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540589794083213312", "text"=>"RT @jonotter: Here's an idea for you. How about we spread Bacillus spores around hospital rooms. Deliberately. I'm not joking. http://t.co/…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-04T19:33:45Z", "user"=>"invadingpirate", "user_name"=>"Tom Lewis", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/412651002353831936/P8ohsChs_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540591839423000576", "text"=>"RT @jonotter: Here's an idea for you. How about we spread Bacillus spores around hospital rooms. Deliberately. I'm not joking. http://t.co/…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-04T19:41:52Z", "user"=>"pathogenomenick", "user_name"=>"Nick Loman", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1370766780/215282_10150165068141692_502431691_6652059_5392675_n_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"540592306131173376", "text"=>"RT @jonotter: Here's an idea for you. How about we spread Bacillus spores around hospital rooms. Deliberately. I'm not joking. http://t.co/…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-04T19:43:44Z", "user"=>"may_gun", "user_name"=>"Megan Lynch", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3468604761/7eacf524e5f4dcd142d93fb1eb553a5b_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540596378419077120", "text"=>"RT @jonotter: Here's an idea for you. How about we spread Bacillus spores around hospital rooms. Deliberately. I'm not joking. http://t.co/…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-04T19:59:55Z", "user"=>"tim_yates", "user_name"=>"Tim Yates", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/422071707/tweet2_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"540598895081193472", "text"=>"RT @jonotter: Here's an idea for you. How about we spread Bacillus spores around hospital rooms. Deliberately. I'm not joking. http://t.co/…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-04T20:09:55Z", "user"=>"_BrantM", "user_name"=>"Brant Martin", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/429492072232415232/NAeDuR3g_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540599433835331584", "text"=>"RT @jonotter: Here's an idea for you. How about we spread Bacillus spores around hospital rooms. Deliberately. I'm not joking. http://t.co/…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-04T20:12:03Z", "user"=>"jeffwehrman", "user_name"=>"Jeff Wehrman", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/424543311584440321/LUiCMv2c_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"540603668861820928", "text"=>"RT @jonotter: Here's an idea for you. How about we spread Bacillus spores around hospital rooms. Deliberately. I'm not joking. http://t.co/…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-04T20:28:53Z", "user"=>"YouDoBio", "user_name"=>"Peter Roberts", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/533206535107645440/hLfJbmzU_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"540740132039839745", "text"=>"RT @jonotter: Here's an idea for you. How about we spread Bacillus spores around hospital rooms. Deliberately. I'm not joking. http://t.co/…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-05T05:31:08Z", "user"=>"gregopet", "user_name"=>"Gregor", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1275591619/Grega-avatar_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"540809004839370753", "text"=>"MT @jonotter Spreading WT Bacillus in hospitals lowers healthcare-associated infections? Methinks an @iGEM project http://t.co/0uljksbXut”", "created_at"=>"2014-12-05T10:04:49Z", "user"=>"jarekbryk", "user_name"=>"Jarek Bryk", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1772733184/jarek_normal.png"}
• {"id"=>"541877662151884800", "text"=>"RT @jarekbryk: MT @jonotter Spreading WT Bacillus in hospitals lowers healthcare-associated infections? Methinks an @iGEM project http://t.…", "created_at"=>"2014-12-08T08:51:16Z", "user"=>"jonotter", "user_name"=>"Jon Otter", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/516998466283638784/pnlOpUlx_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"545300320151031808", "text"=>"Dirty is the new clean. #PLOSONE: Hard Surface Biocontrol in Hospitals Using Microbial-Based Cleaning Products http://t.co/jjjIkTKpKT", "created_at"=>"2014-12-17T19:31:42Z", "user"=>"Feebz13", "user_name"=>"Tom Oommen", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3597585440/f7b2f6fc04f86f29e0f6b54e94d7e057_normal.jpeg"}
• {"id"=>"795940585844699136", "text"=>"Interesting environment session kicks off with using probiotics for cleaning #FISHIS16 https://t.co/Vy3xqbky38", "created_at"=>"2016-11-08T10:46:38Z", "user"=>"emrsa15", "user_name"=>"Martin Kiernan", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1542979374/Hands-small_normal.jpg"}
• {"id"=>"795941482029084672", "text"=>"RT @emrsa15: Interesting environment session kicks off with using probiotics for cleaning #FISHIS16 https://t.co/Vy3xqbky38", "created_at"=>"2016-11-08T10:50:11Z", "user"=>"antibugdoc", "user_name"=>"Das Pillay", "user_profile_image"=>"http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/645253699204423680/AdzCBP9u_normal.jpg"}

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Figshare

• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1694140"], "description"=>"<p>Surface counts for coliforms at the San Giorgio (A), Sant'Anna (B) and AZ Lokeren (C) hospital settings. Results are reported as relative percentage of reduction compared to the control, which was cleaned with conventional (disinfecting) cleaning products. The control is represented by the value of microbial surface contamination (CFU count) at the beginning of the trials (week 0), whose CFU count was set as the 100% in order to obtain reliable comparisons among the three structurally different hospital settings. The analysis indicated that results observed were statistically significant (<a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598#pone.0108598.s002\" target=\"_blank\">Table S2</a>).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Candida albicans", "pathogen load", "hai", "healthcare facilities", "chemical cleaning", "food grade Bacillus subtilis", "cleaning protocol", "Bacillus pumilus", "surface samples", "hospital setting.MethodsThe effect", "24 weeks", "Hard Surface Biocontrol", "Bacillus megaterium", "collected.ResultsMicrobial cleaning", "cleaning protocols", "strategies.AimThis study", "healthcare facilities.ConclusionsThis study", "novel cleaning procedure", "trial hospitals", "Staphyloccus aureus", "cfu"], "article_id"=>1185062, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Alberta Vandini", "Robin Temmerman", "Alessia Frabetti", "Elisabetta Caselli", "Paola Antonioli", "Pier Giorgio Balboni", "Daniela Platano", "Alessio Branchini", "Sante Mazzacane"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598.g001"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Effect_of_microbial_cleaning_on_coliforms_surface_counts_/1185062", "title"=>"Effect of microbial cleaning on coliforms surface counts.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2014-09-26 03:38:12"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1694141"], "description"=>"<p>Surface counts for <i>S. aureus</i> at the San Giorgio (A), Sant'Anna (B) and AZ Lokeren (C) hospital settings. Results are reported as relative percentage of reduction compared to the control, which was cleaned with conventional (disinfecting) cleaning products. The analysis indicated that results observed were statistically significant (<a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598#pone.0108598.s003\" target=\"_blank\">Table S3</a>).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Candida albicans", "pathogen load", "hai", "healthcare facilities", "chemical cleaning", "food grade Bacillus subtilis", "cleaning protocol", "Bacillus pumilus", "surface samples", "hospital setting.MethodsThe effect", "24 weeks", "Hard Surface Biocontrol", "Bacillus megaterium", "collected.ResultsMicrobial cleaning", "cleaning protocols", "strategies.AimThis study", "healthcare facilities.ConclusionsThis study", "novel cleaning procedure", "trial hospitals", "Staphyloccus aureus", "cfu"], "article_id"=>1185063, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Alberta Vandini", "Robin Temmerman", "Alessia Frabetti", "Elisabetta Caselli", "Paola Antonioli", "Pier Giorgio Balboni", "Daniela Platano", "Alessio Branchini", "Sante Mazzacane"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598.g002"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Effect_of_microbial_cleaning_on_S_aureus_surface_counts_/1185063", "title"=>"Effect of microbial cleaning on <i>S. aureus</i> surface counts.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2014-09-26 03:38:12"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1694142"], "description"=>"<p>Surface counts are reported as relative percentage of reduction compared to the control, which was cleaned with conventional (disinfecting) cleaning products. The statistical analysis is reported in <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598#pone.0108598.s004\" target=\"_blank\">Table S4</a>.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Candida albicans", "pathogen load", "hai", "healthcare facilities", "chemical cleaning", "food grade Bacillus subtilis", "cleaning protocol", "Bacillus pumilus", "surface samples", "hospital setting.MethodsThe effect", "24 weeks", "Hard Surface Biocontrol", "Bacillus megaterium", "collected.ResultsMicrobial cleaning", "cleaning protocols", "strategies.AimThis study", "healthcare facilities.ConclusionsThis study", "novel cleaning procedure", "trial hospitals", "Staphyloccus aureus", "cfu"], "article_id"=>1185064, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Alberta Vandini", "Robin Temmerman", "Alessia Frabetti", "Elisabetta Caselli", "Paola Antonioli", "Pier Giorgio Balboni", "Daniela Platano", "Alessio Branchini", "Sante Mazzacane"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598.g003"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Effect_of_microbial_cleaning_on_C_difficile_surface_counts_/1185064", "title"=>"Effect of microbial cleaning on <i>C. difficile</i> surface counts.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2014-09-26 03:38:12"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1694143"], "description"=>"<p>Surface counts are reported as relative percentage of reduction compared to the control, which was cleaned with conventional (disinfecting) cleaning products. The analysis indicated that results observed were statistically significant (<a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598#pone.0108598.s005\" target=\"_blank\">Table S5</a>).</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Candida albicans", "pathogen load", "hai", "healthcare facilities", "chemical cleaning", "food grade Bacillus subtilis", "cleaning protocol", "Bacillus pumilus", "surface samples", "hospital setting.MethodsThe effect", "24 weeks", "Hard Surface Biocontrol", "Bacillus megaterium", "collected.ResultsMicrobial cleaning", "cleaning protocols", "strategies.AimThis study", "healthcare facilities.ConclusionsThis study", "novel cleaning procedure", "trial hospitals", "Staphyloccus aureus", "cfu"], "article_id"=>1185065, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Alberta Vandini", "Robin Temmerman", "Alessia Frabetti", "Elisabetta Caselli", "Paola Antonioli", "Pier Giorgio Balboni", "Daniela Platano", "Alessio Branchini", "Sante Mazzacane"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598.g004"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Effect_of_microbial_cleaning_on_Candida_albicans_surface_counts_/1185065", "title"=>"Effect of microbial cleaning on <i>Candida albicans</i> surface counts.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2014-09-26 03:38:12"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1694144"], "description"=>"<p>A time-trial of coliforms (black circles) and <i>S. aureus</i> (white circles) counts was performed at the geriatrics department of the AZ Lokeren hospital. Surface counts, indicated as CFU/m², were measured after application of conventional (from week −2 to 0) and microbial (from week 0 to 2) cleaning, followed by a subsequent period of conventional cleaning (from week 2 to 10). The application of the probiotic-based products led to a significant decrease in the pathogenic load of coliforms (p<0.0001) and <i>S. aureus</i> (p = 0.003). Black arrow: beginning of the microbial cleaning. Black dotted arrow: conventional cleaning.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Candida albicans", "pathogen load", "hai", "healthcare facilities", "chemical cleaning", "food grade Bacillus subtilis", "cleaning protocol", "Bacillus pumilus", "surface samples", "hospital setting.MethodsThe effect", "24 weeks", "Hard Surface Biocontrol", "Bacillus megaterium", "collected.ResultsMicrobial cleaning", "cleaning protocols", "strategies.AimThis study", "healthcare facilities.ConclusionsThis study", "novel cleaning procedure", "trial hospitals", "Staphyloccus aureus", "cfu"], "article_id"=>1185066, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Alberta Vandini", "Robin Temmerman", "Alessia Frabetti", "Elisabetta Caselli", "Paola Antonioli", "Pier Giorgio Balboni", "Daniela Platano", "Alessio Branchini", "Sante Mazzacane"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598.g005"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Time_course_of_coliforms_and_S_aureus_surface_counts_/1185066", "title"=>"Time course of coliforms and <i>S. aureus</i> surface counts.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2014-09-26 03:38:12"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1694145"], "description"=>"<p>The DNA of the <i>Bacillus spp.</i> from the cleaning products (Original) and from 20 <i>Bacillus spp.</i> colonies isolated from the treated surfaces up to 12 months after the beginning of the cleaning protocol (Isolates), was analyzed by qPCR Microarray to detect the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (R genes). DNA from <i>E. coli</i> JM101 strain was used as negative control (NTC). Results are reported as folds of gene copy number comparing the detected values with those obtained in the negative control DNA, both normalized for bacterial cell number. Those genes coding for antibiotics that are not included in the figure (i.e. vancomycin, tetracyclins) were negative both in Original and Isolates collections. Results are reported as mean ± standard deviation.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Candida albicans", "pathogen load", "hai", "healthcare facilities", "chemical cleaning", "food grade Bacillus subtilis", "cleaning protocol", "Bacillus pumilus", "surface samples", "hospital setting.MethodsThe effect", "24 weeks", "Hard Surface Biocontrol", "Bacillus megaterium", "collected.ResultsMicrobial cleaning", "cleaning protocols", "strategies.AimThis study", "healthcare facilities.ConclusionsThis study", "novel cleaning procedure", "trial hospitals", "Staphyloccus aureus", "cfu"], "article_id"=>1185067, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Alberta Vandini", "Robin Temmerman", "Alessia Frabetti", "Elisabetta Caselli", "Paola Antonioli", "Pier Giorgio Balboni", "Daniela Platano", "Alessio Branchini", "Sante Mazzacane"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598.g006"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Antimicrobial_resistance_genes_profile_by_qPCR_assay_/1185067", "title"=>"Antimicrobial resistance genes profile by qPCR assay.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2014-09-26 03:38:12"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1694146"], "description"=>"a<p>Resistant.</p>b<p>Intermediate.</p>c<p>Susceptible.</p><p><i>Note</i>: for reference criteria see <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598#pone.0108598.s001\" target=\"_blank\">Table S1</a>.</p><p>Antibiograms were conducted on <i>Bacilli</i> from the PCHS products and isolates, with ATCC 6633 strain as reference. Results are reported as diameter (expressed in mm) of the zones of inhibition and the corresponding interpretive criteria, in accordance to the CLSI reference criteria <a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598#pone.0108598-CLSI3\" target=\"_blank\">[38]</a> (<a href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598#pone.0108598.s001\" target=\"_blank\">Table S1</a>).</p><p>Antibiograms on <i>Bacillus spp.</i> from the cleaning products and isolates.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Candida albicans", "pathogen load", "hai", "healthcare facilities", "chemical cleaning", "food grade Bacillus subtilis", "cleaning protocol", "Bacillus pumilus", "surface samples", "hospital setting.MethodsThe effect", "24 weeks", "Hard Surface Biocontrol", "Bacillus megaterium", "collected.ResultsMicrobial cleaning", "cleaning protocols", "strategies.AimThis study", "healthcare facilities.ConclusionsThis study", "novel cleaning procedure", "trial hospitals", "Staphyloccus aureus", "cfu"], "article_id"=>1185068, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Alberta Vandini", "Robin Temmerman", "Alessia Frabetti", "Elisabetta Caselli", "Paola Antonioli", "Pier Giorgio Balboni", "Daniela Platano", "Alessio Branchini", "Sante Mazzacane"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598.t001"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Antibiograms_on_Bacillus_spp_from_the_cleaning_products_and_isolates_/1185068", "title"=>"Antibiograms on <i>Bacillus spp.</i> from the cleaning products and isolates.", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>3, "published_date"=>"2014-09-26 03:38:12"}
• {"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1694147", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1694148", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1694149", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1694150", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1694151"], "description"=>"<div><p>Background</p><p>Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) are one of the most frequent complications occurring in healthcare facilities. Contaminated environmental surfaces provide an important potential source for transmission of many healthcare-associated pathogens, thus indicating the need for new and sustainable strategies.</p><p>Aim</p><p>This study aims to evaluate the effect of a novel cleaning procedure based on the mechanism of biocontrol, on the presence and survival of several microorganisms responsible for HAIs (i.e. coliforms, <i>Staphyloccus aureus</i>, <i>Clostridium difficile</i>, and <i>Candida albicans</i>) on hard surfaces in a hospital setting.</p><p>Methods</p><p>The effect of microbial cleaning, containing spores of food grade <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>Bacillus pumilus</i> and <i>Bacillus megaterium</i>, in comparison with conventional cleaning protocols, was evaluated for 24 weeks in three independent hospitals (one in Belgium and two in Italy) and approximately 20000 microbial surface samples were collected.</p><p>Results</p><p>Microbial cleaning, as part of the daily cleaning protocol, resulted in a reduction of HAI-related pathogens by 50 to 89%. This effect was achieved after 3–4 weeks and the reduction in the pathogen load was stable over time. Moreover, by using microbial or conventional cleaning alternatively, we found that this effect was directly related to the new procedure, as indicated by the raise in CFU/m² when microbial cleaning was replaced by the conventional procedure. Although many questions remain regarding the actual mechanisms involved, this study demonstrates that microbial cleaning is a more effective and sustainable alternative to chemical cleaning and non-specific disinfection in healthcare facilities.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>This study indicates microbial cleaning as an effective strategy in continuously lowering the number of HAI-related microorganisms on surfaces. The first indications on the actual level of HAIs in the trial hospitals monitored on a continuous basis are very promising, and may pave the way for a novel and cost-effective strategy to counteract or (bio)control healthcare-associated pathogens.</p></div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["Candida albicans", "pathogen load", "hai", "healthcare facilities", "chemical cleaning", "food grade Bacillus subtilis", "cleaning protocol", "Bacillus pumilus", "surface samples", "hospital setting.MethodsThe effect", "24 weeks", "Hard Surface Biocontrol", "Bacillus megaterium", "collected.ResultsMicrobial cleaning", "cleaning protocols", "strategies.AimThis study", "healthcare facilities.ConclusionsThis study", "novel cleaning procedure", "trial hospitals", "Staphyloccus aureus", "cfu"], "article_id"=>1185069, "categories"=>["Biological Sciences"], "users"=>["Alberta Vandini", "Robin Temmerman", "Alessia Frabetti", "Elisabetta Caselli", "Paola Antonioli", "Pier Giorgio Balboni", "Daniela Platano", "Alessio Branchini", "Sante Mazzacane"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598.s001", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598.s002", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598.s003", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598.s004", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108598.s005"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/_Hard_Surface_Biocontrol_in_Hospitals_Using_Microbial_Based_Cleaning_Products_/1185069", "title"=>"Hard Surface Biocontrol in Hospitals Using Microbial-Based Cleaning Products", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>4, "published_date"=>"2014-09-26 03:38:12"}

PMC Usage Stats | Further Information

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Relative Metric

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F1000Prime